Actinophryales

edit
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Chromista
Subregnum: Harosa
Infraregnum: Heterokonta
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Subphylum: Phaeista
Superclassis: Raphidoistia
Classis: Actinophryophyceae
Ordo: Actinophryales
Subordines: Actinosphaeriineae –
Actinophryineae
Name edit
Actinophryales P.Gervais & van Beneden, Zool. Méd. 2: 440 (1858) (“Actinophrys”), pro zool. ord.
- Type genus: Actinophrys Ehrenberg, 1830
Synonyms edit
- Heterotypic
- Actinosphaeriales E.K.Brandt, Uchebn. Zool. 2: 290 (1876) (“Actinosphaerida”), pro zool. ord.
- Orthographic variants:
- Actinophrydea Hartmann, 1913
- Actinophrydia Kühn, 1926
References edit
- Brandt, E.K. [Брандтъ, Э.К.] 1876. Учебникъ зоологiи примѣнительно къ учебнымъ планамъ реальныхъ училищъ, а равно къ программамъ другихъ среднеучебныхъ заведенiй, въ которыхъ преподается естественная исторiя [Textbook of Zoology for programs in Real Schools, and for programs of other middle real schools in which the natural history is taught]. St.-Petersburg: tipografija A. M. Kotomina, Vol. 1: [i]–[iv], 1–523 [4 Feb [24 Jan, Old Style] 1876 ‘1875’]; Vol. 2: [i]–[vii], 1–298, [corr.] [27 [15, Old Style] Mai 1876] (Russian) Reference page.
- Hartmann, M. 1913. Rhizopoda. In: Handwörterbuch der Naturwissenschaften, Band 8: 422–446. Jena: Gustav Fischer. BHL Reference page.
- Mikrjukov, K.A. & Patterson, D.J. 2001. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Heliozoa. III. Actinophryids. Acta Protozoologica 40(1): 3–26. [1] ResearchGate Reference page.
- Cavalier-Smith, T. & Scoble, J.M. 2013. Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. European Journal of Protistology 49: 328–353. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 Researchgate. Reference page.
For more multimedia, look at Actinophryales on Wikimedia Commons. |
Classifications edit
Hartmann (1913) edit
- Hartmann, M. 1913. Rhizopoda. In: Handwörterbuch der Naturwissenschaften, Band 8: 422–446. Jena: Gustav Fischer. BHL Reference page.
- 1. Unterklasse: Rhizopoda (im engeren Sinne)
- 2. Unterklasse: Heliozoa
- 1. Ordnung. Actinophrydea nom. nov.
- 2. Ordnung. Acanthocystidea nom. nov.
- 3. Ordnung. Clathrulinidea
- 3. Unterklasse: Radiolaria
- 4. Unterklasse: Mycetozoa (Myxomyceta)
Kühn (1926) edit
Kühn, A. (1921). Morphologie der Tiere in Bildern. Heft 2: Protozoen. Teil 2. Rhizopoden. Gebrüder Borntraeger: Berlin, [2].
- 2. Klasse: Rhizopoda
- III. Unterklasse: Heliozoa
- 1. Ordnung: Actinophrydia
- 2. Ordnung: Centrohelidia
- III. Unterklasse: Heliozoa
Honigberg et al. (1964) edit
Class: Actinopodea
Subclass: Heliozoia
- Order: Actinophryida
- Order: Centrohelida
- Order: Desmothoracida
Cavalier-Smith (1993) edit
From Kingdom Protozoa and its 18 phyla
In Class Nucleohelea
Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913
David J. Patterson (1999) edit
From The Diversity of Eukaryotes
In Eukaryotes
Clade Actinophryids
- Actinophrys
- Actinosphaerium (syn. Echinosphaerium, Camptonema)
Mikrjukov & Patterson (2001) edit
- Mikrjukov, K.A. & Patterson, D.J. 2001. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Heliozoa. III. Actinophryids. Acta Protozoologica 40(1): 3–26. [3] ResearchGate Reference page.
Classification 1
- Superclass Dictyochia Haeckel, 1894
- Class Pelagophyceae Andersen and Sanders, 1993
- Class Actinochrysophyceae Cavalier-Smith, 1995
- Subclass Silicophycidae Rothmaler, 1951
- Subclass Abaxodinae subcl. n.
- Superorder Rhizochromulinea O’Kelly and Wujek, 1995
- Superorder Actinodinea superord. n.
- Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984
- Order Ciliophryida Febvre-Chevalier, 1985
- Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913
Classification 2
- [In stramenopiles: Superclass Dictyochia Haeckel, 1894]
- pelagophytes [Class Pelagophyceae Andersen and Sanders, 1993]
- Axodines [Class Actinochrysophyceae Cavalier-Smith, 1995]
- Silicoflagellates [Subclass Silicophycidae Rothmaler, 1951]
- Abodines [Subclass Abaxodinae subcl. n.]
- Rhizochromulinids [Superorder Rhizochromulinea O’Kelly and Wujek, 1995]
- Actinodines [Superorder Actinodinea superord. n.]
- [Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984, paraphyletic]
- Pseudopedinella sm
- Mesopedinella sm
- Apedinella sm
- Parapedinella sm
- Unnamed taxon
- Pedinella sm
- Actinomonads
- Pteridomonas
- Actinomonas
- Heliomonads
- Ciliophrys [Order Ciliophryida Febvre-Chevalier, 1985]
- Actinophryids [Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913]
- [Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984, paraphyletic]
Nikolaev et al. (2005) edit
From The twilight of Heliozoa and rise of Rhizaria, an emerging supergroup of amoeboid eukaryotes, [4].
- Bikonta
- Rhizaria
- core Cercozoa
- Phaeodarea ["Radiolaria"]
- Desmothoracida ["Heliozoa"]
- other core Cercozoa
- Phytomyxea
- Haplosporidia
- Foraminifera
- Gromiidae
- [unnamed] [= Radiolaria sensu Adl et al., 2005]
- Acantharea ["Radiolaria"]
- Taxopodida ["Heliozoa"]
- Polycystinea ["Radiolaria"]
- core Cercozoa
- Stramenopiles
- Centrohelida ["Heliozoa"]
- Rhizaria
Cavalier-Smith & Scoble (2013) edit
- Cavalier-Smith, T. & Scoble, J.M. 2013. Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. European Journal of Protistology 49: 328–353. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 Researchgate. Reference page.
Infrakingdom Heterokonta
- Superphylum Gyrista Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum Ochrophyta
- Phaeista
- Chrysista
- Marista
- Class Raphidomonadea
- Subclass Raphidophycidae Cavalier-Smith subcl. n. [= Raphidophyceae Chadefaud ex Silva, 1980]
- Subclass Raphopoda Cavalier-Smith subcl. n.
- Order Commatiida Cavalier-Smith, 1997
- Family Commatiidae Cavalier-Smith
- Genus Commation Thomsen and Larsen, 1993
- Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913
- Suborder Actinosphaerina Cavalier-Smith subord. n
- Family Actinosphaeriidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n.
- Genus Actinosphaerium Ritter von Stein, 1857
- Family Actinosphaeriidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n.
- Suborder Actinophryina Cavalier-Smith subord. n.
- Family Actinophryidae Dujardin, 1841
- Genus Actinophrys
- Family Helioraphidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n
- Genus Heliorapha Cavalier-Smith gen. n
- Family Actinophryidae Dujardin, 1841
- Suborder Actinosphaerina Cavalier-Smith subord. n
- Order Commatiida Cavalier-Smith, 1997
- Class Raphidomonadea
- Marista
- Chrysista
- Phaeista
- Phylum Ochrophyta