Acantharea
Taxonavigation
editSuperregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: Tsar
Cladus: Sar
Infraregnum: Rhizaria
Clade: Retaria
Phylum: Radiozoa
Classis: Acantharea
Ordines:
Acanthonida –
Arthracanthida –
Chaunacanthida –
Holacanthida –
Symphyacanthida
Familia (incertae sedis): Astrolophidae –
Genera (incertae sedis): Acantholonche –
Astrocapsa –
Belonaspis –
Belonostaurus –
Cannopcapsa –
Cenocapsa –
Ceriaspis –
Cribrosphaera –
Cruciforma –
Diplocolpus –
Diporaspis –
Dodecaspis –
Doracantha –
Echinaspis –
Globispinum –
Hexacolpus –
Hexonaspis –
Hylaspis –
Litholophus –
Octopelta –
Orophaspis –
Pantopelta –
Phatnaspis –
Phractacantha –
Phractaspis –
Porocaspa –
Quadrilonche –
Rosetta –
Sphaerocapsa –
Stegaspis –
Stellacantha –
Tessarapelma –
Tessaraspis –
Thoracaspis –
Trizona –
Xiphoptera –
Zonaspsis –
Zygacantha –
Zygolonche
Name
editAcantharea Levine et al., 1980 [?]
Synonyms
edit- Acantharia Haeckel, 1881, emend. Mikrjukov, 2000 [sic!]
- Acantharina Campbell, 1954
Homonym:
References
edit- Bernstein, R., Kling, S.A., Boltovskoy, D. (1999). Acantharia. In: South Atlantic Zooplankton (D. Boltovskoy, ed.), Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp. 75-147, [1].
- Cavalier-Smith, T. (2003). Protist phylogeny and the high-level classification of Protozoa, Europ. J. Protistol. 39: 338–348.
- Decelle, J. About the Acantharia, [2].
- Korsun, S. (2012). Acantharia, Phaeodaria, Taxopodida. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Saint-Petersburg State University, [3].
- Decelle J. et al. 2012. Molecular Phylogeny and Morphological Evolution of the Acantharia (Radiolaria) PDF
- Protist classification at micro*scope (CC)
- Acantharea in the World Register of Marine Species
Alternative classifications
editSchewiakoff (1926)
editSchewiakoff, W. (1926). Die Acantharien des Golfes von Neapel. Fauna Flora Golfes Neapel 37:1–755, [4].
Campbell (1954)
editCampbell, A. S. Radiolaria. In: Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part D Protista 3 (Chiefly Radiolarians And Tintinnines), 1954, [5].
- Subphylum Sarcodina
- Class Actinopoda Calkins, 1909
- Subclass Radiolaria Müller, 1858
- Order Porulosida Haeckel, 1887
- Suborder Acantharina Haeckel, 1862
- Division Astrolophi Campbell, nov
- Superfamily Astrolophicae Haeckel, 1882
- Superfamily Actinastricae Popofsky, 1904
- Superfamily Astrolonchicae Haeckel, 1882
- Division Acanthophracti Hertwig, 1879
- Superfamily Dorataspidicae Haeckel, 1862
- Superfamily Belonaspidicae Haeckel, 1887
- Division Astrolophi Campbell, nov
- Suborder Acantharina Haeckel, 1862
- Order Porulosida Haeckel, 1887
- Subclass Radiolaria Müller, 1858
- Class Actinopoda Calkins, 1909
Honigberg et al. (1964)
editIn Classis Actinopodea
Subclass Acantharia
- Ordo Acanthometrida
- Ordo Acanthophractida
John O. Corliss (1984)
editFrom The kingdom Protista and its 45 phyla
In Regnum Protista, Assemblage "Actinopods"
Phylum Acantharia Haeckel, 1876
Febvre in Margulis et al. (1990)
editFebvre, J., 1990. 20c. Phylum Actinopoda, Class Acantharia. In: Margulis, L., J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, D.J. Chapman (ed.). Handbook of Protoctista. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Boston, p. 363-379. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [6].
Kingdom Protoctista
- Section III: Phyla with flagellated stages, but without complex sexual cycles
- Phylum 20. Actinopoda
- Class Polycystina
- Class Phaeodaria
- Class Heliozoa
- Class Acantharia
- Phylum 20. Actinopoda
Cavalier-Smith (1993)
editFrom Regnum Protozoa and its 18 phyla
In Phylum Radiozoa, Subphylum Spasmaria
Classis Acantharea Haeckel, 1881 stat. nov.
- Subclass Holacanthia
- Subclass Euacanthia
David J. Patterson (1999)
editFrom The Diversity of Eukaryotes
In Eukaryotes
Clade Acantharea
Febvre-Chevalier, Febvre & Michaels, in Lee et al. (2000)
editFebvre-Chevalier, C., Febvre, J. & Michaels, A. 2000. Acantharia Haeckel, 1881. In: Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P. An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Society of Protozoologists/Allen Press: Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A, 2nd ed., vol. 2, p. 783-803, [7]. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [8].
In “protozoa”, “amoeboid protists”
- Class Acantharea (= Acantharia Haeckel)
- Order Holacanthida Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Acanthochiasmidae Haeckel, 1862
- Genus Acanthochiasma Krohn, in Haeckel, 1861
- Family Acanthoplegmidae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Acanthoplegma
- Family Acanthocollidae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Acanthospira
- Genus Acanthocyrtha
- Genus Acanthocolla Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Acanthochiasmidae Haeckel, 1862
- Order Symphyacanthida Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Amphilithidae Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Amphilithium Haeckel, 1881
- Genus Amphibelone Haeckel, 1862
- Family Astrolithidae Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Heliolithium Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Acantholithium Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Astrolithium Haeckel, 1861
- Genus Astrolonche Haeckel, 1881
- Family Pseudolithidae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Pseudolithium Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Dicranophora Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Haliommatidium Müller, 1858
- Family Amphilithidae Haeckel, 1887
- Order Chaunacanthida Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Stauraconidae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Conaconidae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Conacon Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Gigartaconidae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Gigartacon Schewiakoff, 1926
- Order Arthracanthida Schewiakoff, 1926
- Suborder Sphaenacantha Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Acanthometridae Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Acanthometra J. Müller, 1855
- Genus Amphilonche Haeckel, 1860
- Genus Tetralonche Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Dorataspidae Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Pleuraspis Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Stauraspis Haeckel, 1881
- Genus Lychnaspis Haeckel, 1881
- Genus Icosaspis Haeckel, 1881
- Genus Dorataspis Haeckel, 1861
- Genus Coscinaspis Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Craniaspis Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Siphonaspis
- Genus Aconthaspis
- Genus Hystrichaspis Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Dictyaspis Haeckel, 1887
- Family Phractopeltidae Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Phractopelta Haeckel, 1887
- Family Diploconidae Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Diploconus Haeckel, 1860
- Family Lithopteridae Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Lithoptera Müller, 1858
- Family Hexalaspidae Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Coleaspis Haeckel, 1881
- Genus Hexalaspis
- Genus Hexaconus Haeckel, 1885
- Family Acanthometridae Haeckel, 1887
- Suborder Phyllacantha Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Phyllostauridae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Phyllostaurus Haeckel, 1862
- Genus Amphistaurus Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Acanthostaurus Haeckel, 1862
- Genus Lonchostaurus Haeckel, 1862
- Genus Zygostaurus Haeckel, 1887
- Family Stauracanthidae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Phatnacantha Haeckel, 1882[1881]
- Genus Stauracantha Haeckel, 1881
- Genus Xiphacantha Haeckel, 1887
- Genus Pristacantha Haeckel, 1887
- Family Dictyacanthidae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Genus Dictyacantha Schewiakoff, 1926
- Family Phyllostauridae Schewiakoff, 1926
- Suborder Sphaenacantha Schewiakoff, 1926
- Order Holacanthida Schewiakoff, 1926
Adl et al. (2012)
edit- Adl, S.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Lane, C.E., Lukeš, J., Bass, D., Bowser, S.S., Brown, M.W., Burki, F., Dunthorn, M., Hampl, V., Heiss, A., Hoppenrath, M., Lara, E., Le Gall, L., Lynn, D.H., McManus, H., Mitchell, E.A.D., Mozley-Stanridge, S.E., Parfrey, L.W., Pawlowski, J., Rueckert, S., Shadwick, L., Schoch, C.L., Smirnow, A. & Spiegel, F.W. 2012. The revised classification of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 59(5): 429–514. DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x . [Erratum: 60(3): 321. DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12033 .] Reference page.
Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
- Sar Burki et al. 2007
- Rhizaria Cavalier-Smith 2002
- Retaria Cavalier-Smith 2002
- Acantharia Haeckel 1881, emend. Mikrjukov 2000
- Chaunocanthida Schewiakoff 1926
- Holocanthida Schewiakoff 1926
- Symphyacanthida Schewiakoff 1926
- Arthracanthida Schewiakoff 1926
- Acantharia Haeckel 1881, emend. Mikrjukov 2000
- Retaria Cavalier-Smith 2002
- Rhizaria Cavalier-Smith 2002