Embryophyta

Embryophyta

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Supergroup: Bikonta
Cladus: Archaeplastida
Cladus: Viridiplantae
Cladus: Embryophyta
Divisiones: Anthocerotophyta - Bryophyta - Marchantiophyta - Tracheophyta

[Note: this page is about Embryophyta (= Plantae sensu Margulis, 1971). For other uses of Plantae, see:

• Plantae (L.)
• Archaeplastida or Plantae (= Plantae sensu Cavalier-Smith, 1981, 1998)
• Viridiplantae (= Plantae sensu Copeland, 1938, 1956).]

Name

Embryophyta Engler, 1892

Synonyms

• Cormophyta Endlicher, 1836
• Phyta Barkley, 1939
• Cormobionta Rothmaler, 1948
• Euplanta Barkley, 1949
• Telomobionta Takhtajan, 1964
• Embryobionta Cronquist et al., 1966
• Metaphyta sensu Whittaker, 1969
• Plantae sensu Margulis, 1971
• Embryophyceae Lewis & McCourt, 2004
• Equisetopsida C. Agardh, 1825, sensu M.W.Chase & Reveal, 2009
• Embryopsida Engler ex Pirani & J. Prado, 2012

Classifications

Endlicher (1836)

Endlicher, S.L. (1836). Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita. pp. [i]-lx, [1-]-160. Vienna, [1]. See Lindley (1846), [2], Rendle (1904), [3].

• Regio II. Cormophyta
  • Section 3. Acrobrya
  • Section 4. Amphybrya
  • Section 5. Acramphybrya

Engler (1892)

Engler, A. 1892. Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik [...] [Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, in further editions]. 1st ed., Berlin: Gebr. Borntraeger, [4].

• Euthallophyta
• Embryophyta zoidiogama (Archegoniatae)
• Embryophyta siphonogama (Phanerogamae)

Barkley (1949)

Barkley, Fred A. "Un esbozo de clasificación de los organismos." Revista de la Facultad Nacional de Agronomia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín. 10: 83–103, [5].

• Mychota
• Protista
• Euplanta (Planta, Cormobionta, Cormophyta, Phyta)
  • Bryophyta
  • Tracheophyta (or Vasculares)
    • Psilophyta
    • Lepidophyta (or Lycopsida)
    • Calamophyta (or Arthrophyta, Sphenopsida)
    • Ptenophyta
    • Cycadophyta
    • Strobilophyta
    • Gnetophyta
    • Anthophyta
• Euanimalia

Takhtajan (1964)

Takhtajan, A. (1964). The taxa of the higher plants above the rank of order. Taxon 13(5): 160–164, [6].

Subregnum Telomobionta (= Cormobionta)

• 1. Divisio Psilophyta
• 2. Divisio Bryophyta
• 3. Divisio Lycopodiophyta (= Lycophyta, Lepidophyta)
• 4. Divisio Psilotophyta
• 5. Divisio Equisetophyta (= Sphenophyta, Calamophyta)
• 6. Divisio Polypodiophyta (= Pteridophyta s.str., Pterophyta s.str.)
• 7. Divisio Magnoliophyta (= Spermatophyta)

Cronquist, Takhtajan & Zimmermann (1966)

Cronquist, A., Takhtajan, A. & Zimmermann, W. (1966). On the Higher Taxa of Embryobionta. Taxon, Vol. 15, No. 4 (Apr., 1966), pp. 129–134, [7].

Subregnum Embryobionta nom. nov. (regio Cormophyta Endl. 1836, Gen. pl.: 42)

• 1. Divisio Rhyniophyta div. nov.
• 2. Divisio Bryophyta A. Br. 1864.
• 3. Divisio Psilotophyta stat. nov.
• 4. Divisio Lycopodiophyta nom. nov.
• 5. Divisio Equisetophyta nom. nov.
• 6. Divisio Polypodiophyta div.nov.
• 7. Divisio Pinophyta div. nov. (classis Gymnospermae Lindl. 1830, Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot.: 245; divisio Gymnospermae Prantl 1874, Lehrb. d. Bot. 131)
• 8. Divisio Magnoliophyta div. nov. (divisio Angiospermae A. Br. et Doell 1857, ex Doell, Fl. Baden. 1: 104).
  • Classis Magnoliatae classis nov. (classis Dicotyledoneae DC. 1818, Syst. 1: 123).
    • Typus: Magnolia 1753.
  • Classis Liliatae classis nov. (classis Monocotyledoneae DC 1818, Syst. 1: 122).
    • Typus: Lilium L. 1753.

Whittaker (1969)

Whittaker, R. H. (1969). New concepts of kingdoms or organisms. Science 163 (3863): 150–160.

• Kingdom Monera
• Kingdom Protista
• Kingdom Plantae
  • Subkingdom Rhodophycophyta
    • Phylum Rhodophyta
  • Subkingdom Phaeophycophyta
    • Phylum Phaeophyta
  • Subkingdom Euchlorophyta
    • Branch Chlorophycophyta
      • Phylum Chlorophyta
      • Phylum Charophyta
    • Branch Metaphyta
      • Phylum Bryophyta
      • Phylum Tracheophyta
• Kingdom Fungi
• Kingdom Animalia

Benton (1993)

Benton, M. J. 1993. The fossil record 2. London: Chapman & Hall, [8].

• Kingdom Monera
• Kingdom Fungi
• Kingdom Algae [artificial]
• Kingdom Animalia
• Kingdom Plantae
  • Bryophyta
  • Pteridophyta
  • Gymnospermophyta
  • Magnoliophyta ("Angiospermae")

Margulis & Chapman (2009)

From Kingdoms & Domains, 4th ed.

Superkingdom Prokarya

• Kingdom Bacteria (Prokaryotae, Procaryotae, Monera)

Superkingdom Eukarya (Eukaryotae)

• Kingdom Protoctista
• Kingdom Animalia
• Kingdom Fungi
• Kingdom Plantae
  • Subkingdom Bryata
    • Phyla Bryophyta, Hepatophyta, Anthocerophyta
  • Subkingdom Tracheata
    • Phyla Lycophyta, Psilophyta, Sphenophyta (= Equisetophyta), Filicinophyta (= Pterophyta, Pterodatina, Pteridophyta), Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Conipherophyta, Gnetophyta, Anthophyta (= Angiospermophyta, Magnoliophyta)

Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248, [9].

• Superkingdom Eukaryota
  • Kingdom Plantae [= Archaeplastida]
    • Subkingdom Biliphyta
      • Phylum Glaucophyta
      • Phylum Rhodophyta
    • Subkingdom Viridiplantae
      • Infrakingdom Chlorophyta
      • Infrakingdom Streptophyta
        • Superphylum Charophyta
        • Superphylum Embryophyta
          • Phylum Anthocerotophyta
          • Phylum Bryophyta
          • Phylum Marchantiophyta
          • Phylum Tracheophyta

References

• Margulis, L. 1971. Whittaker's five kingdoms of organisms: minor revisions suggested by considerations of the origin of mitosis. Evolution 25: 242–245, [10].
• Pirani, J.R. & Prado, J. 2012. Embryopsida, a new name for the class of land plants. Taxon, 61(5), 1096–1098. ResearchGate
• Rothmaler, W. 1948. ber das natürliche System der Organismen. Biologisches Zentralblatt. 67: 242–250.

Links

• Embryophytes - Taxon details on Tela Botanica.

Vernacular names

беларуская: Вышэйшыя расліны
polski: Rośliny telomowe, rośliny wyższe
中文: 有胚植物

See also

• Cormophyta
• Metaphyta