Aves (classifications)

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Cladus: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Cladus: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Classis/Infraclassis: Aves

Name

Aves Linnaeus, 1758

Classifications

Linnaeus (1758)

Systema Naturae, 10th ed., vol. 1, [1], [2]. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [3].

Regnum Animale

Classis I. Mammalia
Classis II. Aves
- Ordo I. Accipitres
- Ordo II. Picae
- Ordo III. Anseres
- Ordo IV. Grallae
- Ordo V. Gallinae
- Ordo VI. Passeres
Classis III. Amphibia
Classis IV. Pisces
Classis V. Insecta
Classis VI. Vermes

Illiger (1811)

Prodromus mammalium et avium, [4].

Aves [p. 194]

Scansores
Ambulatores
Raptores
Rasores
Cursores
Grallatores
Natatores

Kaup (1844)

Classification der säugethiere und vögel, [5].

Aves

Zygodactyli
Ornithes
Grallae
Ichthyornithes
Gallinae

Haeckel (1895)

Systematische Phylogenie vol. 3: Systematische Phylogenie der Wirbelthiere (Vertebrata) (1895).

Classe Aves

Subclasse Saururae
- Legion I. Saururae
  - Ordnung Tocornithes
  - Ordnung Archornithes
Subclasse Ornithurae
- Legion II. Carinatae
  - Ordnung Pelagornithes
    - Unter-Ordnung Ichthyornithes
    - Unter-Ordnung Pygopodes
    - Unter-Ordnung Sphenisciformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Anseriformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Ciconiformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Falconiformes
  - Ordnung Charadriornithes
    - Unter-Ordnung Charadriiformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Gruiformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Ralliformes
  - Ordnung Alectorornithes
    - Unter-Ordnung Galliformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Columbiformes
  - Ordnung Coracornithes
    - Unter-Ordnung Psittaciformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Cuculiformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Passeriformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Halcyoformes
    - Unter-Ordnung Coraciformes
- Legion III. Ratitae
  - Ordnung Hesperornithes
  - Ordnung Dromaeornithes
  - Ordnung Rheornithes
  - Ordnung Struthiornithes

Alternative classification

Sauropsider

I. Subclasse Tocosauria
II. Subclasse Pachycrania
III. Subclasse Halisauria
IV. Subclasse Pholidota
V. Subclasse Ornithocrania
- 1) Legion/Ordnung Crocodilia
- 2) Legion/Ordnung Dinosauria
- 3) Legion/Ordnung Pterosauria
- 4) Legion/Ordnung Aves
  - Unter-Ordnung Saururae
  - Unter-Ordnung Ratitae
  - Unter-Ordnung Carinatae

Thulborn (1975)

R. A. Thulborn. 1975. Dinosaur polyphyly and the classification of archosaurs and birds. Australian Jounal of Zoology 23:249-270 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano][6]

Class Aves

Subclass †Archaeornithes
- Order †Archaeopterygiformes
- Order †Theropoda
Subclass Neornithes

Sibley & Ahlquist (1990)

Sibley, C. G & Ahlquist, J. E. (1990). Phylogeny and classification of birds. Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn, [7].

Class Aves

Subclass Archeornithes
Subclass Neornithes
- Infraclass Eoaves
  - Parvclass Ratitae
    - Order Struthioniformes
    - Order Tinamiformes
- Infraclass Neoaves
  - Parvclass Galloanserae
  - Parvclass Turnicae
  - Parvclass Picae
  - Parvclass Coraciae
  - Parvclass Coliae
  - Parvclass Passerae

Livezey & Zusi (2007)

Livezey, B. C., & Zusi, R. L. (2007). Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion. Zoological journal of the Linnean Society, 149(1), 1-95.

Subclass Avialae

Infraclass Alvarezsauria
Infraclass Aves
- Parvclass Palaeoaves
  - Superorder Archaeornithes
    - Order Archaeopterygiformes
    - Order Confuciusornithiformes
  - Superorder Euenantiornithes
    - Order Rahonaviformes
    - Order Apsaraviformes
- Parvclass Ornithurae
  - Superorder Odontoholomorphae
    - Order Hesperornithiformes
    - Order Ichthyornithiformes
- Parvclass Eoaves
  - - Order Lithornithiformes
- Parvclass Neornithes
  - Cohort Palaeognathae
    - Subcohort Crypturi
    - Subcohort Ratitae
  - Cohort Neognathae
    - Subcohort Galloanserae
    - Subcohort Neoaves

Martyniuk (2012)

Martyniuk, Matthew P. (2012). A Field Guide to Mesozoic Birds and Other Winged Dinosaurs. Pan Aves, Vernon, New Jersey. ISBN-13: 978-0-9885965-0-4

Class Aves

Order Caenagnathiformes
- Family Caudipteridae
- Family Avimimidae
- Superfamily Caenagnathoidea
  - Family Caenagnathidae
    - Subfamily Caenagnathinae
    - Subfamily Elmisaurinae
  - Family Oviraptoridae
    - Subfamily Oviraptorinae
    - Subfamily “Ingeniinae” (preoccupied)
Order Deinonychosauria
- Family Troodontidae
  - Subfamily Jinfengopteryginae
  - Subfamily Troodontinae
  - Subfamily Saurornithoidinae
- Family Ornithodesmidae
  - Subfamily Microraptorinae
  - Subfamily Unenlagiinae
  - Subfamily Saurornitholestinae
  - Subfamily Itemirinae
  - Subfamily Dromaeosaurinae
Family Scansoriopterygidae
Family Archaeopterygidae
Family Jeholornithidae
Family Yandangornithidae
Family Omnivoropterygidae
Order Confuciusornithiformes
- Family Confuciusornithidae
Subclass Enantiornithes
- Order Iberomesornithiformes
  - Family Iberomesornithidae
  - Family Liaoningornithidae
- Family Protopterygidae
- Family Alexornithidae
- Family Gobipterygidae
- Order Eoenantiornithiformes
  - Family Eoenantiornithidae
  - Family Longipterygidae
- Order Cathayornithiformes
  - Family Cathayornithidae
  - Superfamily Avisauroidea
    - Family Mystiornithidae
    - Family Concornithidae
    - Family Avisauridae
- Order Enantiornithiformes
  - Family Enantiornithidae
Order Chaoyangiformes
Family Patagopterygidae
Family Hongshanornithidae
Family Songlingornithidae
Family Eurolimnornithidae
Order Palaeocursornithiformes
- Family Palaeocursornithidae
Family Gansuidae
Family Ambiortidae
Subclass Hesperornithes
- Family Enaliornithidae
- Family Brodavidae
- Superfamily Hesperornithoidea
  - Family Baptornithidae
  - Family Hesperornithidae
    - Subfamily Asiahesperornithinae
    - Subfamily Hesperornithinae
Subclass Ichthyornithes
- Family Ichthyornithidae
Subclass Neornithes
- Superorder Palaeognathae
- Superorder Neognathae

Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Ruggiero MA, Gordon DP, Orrell TM, Bailly N, Bourgoin T, et al. (2015) Correction: A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLOS ONE 10(6): e0130114. View correction

Subclass Aves

Infraclass Neognathae
- Superorder Galloanseri
  - Order Anseriformes
  - Order Galliformes
- Superorder Neoaves
Infraclass Palaeognathae
- Order Apterygiformes
- Order Casuariiformes
- Order Rheiformes
- Order Struthioniformes
- Order Tinamiformes