Rapala varuna

Rapala varuna Horsfield ♂/♀ from Hewitson, 1863.

Rapala varuna, <♂:♀>, Java, from Piepers & Snellen, 1918.

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Papilionoidea

Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Unikonta Cladus: Opisthokonta Cladus: Holozoa Regnum: Animalia Subregnum: Eumetazoa Cladus: Bilateria Cladus: Nephrozoa Cladus: Protostomia Cladus: Ecdysozoa Cladus: Panarthropoda Phylum: Arthropoda Cladus: Pancrustacea Cladus: Allotriocarida Subphylum: Hexapoda Classis: Insecta Cladus: Dicondylia Subclassis: Pterygota Infraclassis: Neoptera Cladus: Eumetabola Cladus: Holometabola Superordo: Panorpida Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera Ordo: Lepidoptera Subordo: Glossata Cladus: Coelolepida Cladus: Myoglossata Cladus: Neolepidoptera Infraordo: Heteroneura Cladus: Eulepidoptera Cladus: Ditrysia Cladus: Apoditrysia Cladus: Obtectomera Superfamilia: Papilionoidea

Familia: Lycaenidae
Subfamilia: Theclinae
Tribe: Deudorigini
Genus: Rapala
Species: Rapala varuna
Subspecies: R. v. ambasa – R. v. arima – R. v. batilma – R. v. formosana – R. v. grisea – R. v. guineensis – R. v. lazulina – R. v. nada – R. v. olivia – R. v. orseis – R. v. phranga – R. v. rogersi – R. v. sagata – R. v. saha – R. v. simsoni – R. v. tacita – R. v. varuna

Name

Rapala varuna Horsfield, 1829.

Type locality: Indonesia, Java.

Holotype: ♂ BMNH.

Synonymy

• Thecla varuna Horsfield, 1829: 91.
• Dipsas varuna (Horsfield); Westwood, [1851]: 480.
• Deudorix varuna (Horsfield); Hewitson, 1863: 22, pl.9, figs 32-33, pl.10: 36–37; Piepers & Snellen, 1918: 86, pl.25, figs 131a,131b.
• Rapala varuna (Horsfield); Fruhstorfer, 1912: 258; Evans, 1927: 192; Corbet, 1939: 111; D'Abrera, 1986: 627; Eliot, 1992: 328, 425, pl. 51, figs 15-17.
• Rapala varuna zulkarna Seitz, [1927]: 1004, pl. 160f. Synonymy in Bridges, 1988: II.95.

References

• D'Abrera, B. 1986. Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part III Lycaenidae & Riodinidae: pp. 536–672. Hill House, Melbourne. Reference page. 
• Bridges, C.A. 1988. Catalogue of Lycaenidae & Riodinidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bridges, Urbana, Illinois. Reference page. 
• Corbet, A. S., 1939. A revision of the Malayan species of Rapala Moore (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B)8(6): 103–112, fig. 1-20a. Reference page. 
• Doubleday, E. & Westwood, J.O. 1846–1850. The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera Vol.1, 2-250, Pls. 1-30. London. Reference page. 
• Eliot, J. N. 1992. With plates by D'Abrera, in Corbet & Pendlebury. The Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula 4th Edn. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur. 595pp., 69 pls. Reference page. 
• Evans, W.H. 1927. The identification of Indian butterflies, Edition 1, xii + 302 pp., 32 pls, 11 figs. Madras. Text, plates. Reference page. 
• Fruhstorfer, H. 1911. Ubersicht der Lycaeniden des Indo-Australischen Gebiets. Begründet auf die Ausbeute und die Sammlung des Autors. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 56(3/4): 197–272, 4 figs. Reference page. 
• Huang & Yekea, S. M., 1943. The Chinese Lycaenidae. Notes ent. chin. 10:67-213.
• Hewitson, W.C. 1863–1878. Illustrations of diurnal Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae. London, van Vorst, x + 229 pp, 107 pls. Text, plates. Reference page. 
• Horsfield, T. 1828–1829. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Honourable East India Company. 144pp., 4 pls., London. Reference page. 
• Piepers, M. C. and Snellen, P. C. T., 1918. The Rhopalocera of Java 4. (Erycinidae: Lycaenidae), xlv + 112 pp., pls 19-27. The Hague. BHL text, plates. Reference page. 
• Rawlins, A., Cassidy, A. & Schröder, S., 2021. An illustrated and annotated checklist of Rapala, Moore, 1881, taxa in North Maluku and Maluku, Indonesia (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo 42(3): 164–174. Reference page. 
• Seitz, A. 1912–1927. Die Indo-Australien Tagfalter. The Macrolepidoptera of the World 9: 1–766; 767–1201, pls 1–175. Reference page. 

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