Epargyreus clarus

E. clarus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Papilionoidea

Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Unikonta Cladus: Opisthokonta Cladus: Holozoa Regnum: Animalia Subregnum: Eumetazoa Cladus: Bilateria Cladus: Nephrozoa Cladus: Protostomia Cladus: Ecdysozoa Cladus: Panarthropoda Phylum: Arthropoda Cladus: Pancrustacea Cladus: Allotriocarida Subphylum: Hexapoda Classis: Insecta Cladus: Dicondylia Subclassis: Pterygota Infraclassis: Neoptera Cladus: Eumetabola Cladus: Holometabola Superordo: Panorpida Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera Ordo: Lepidoptera Subordo: Glossata Cladus: Coelolepida Cladus: Myoglossata Cladus: Neolepidoptera Infraordo: Heteroneura Cladus: Eulepidoptera Cladus: Ditrysia Cladus: Apoditrysia Cladus: Obtectomera Superfamilia: Papilionoidea

Familia: Hesperiidae
Subfamilia: Eudaminae
Tribus: Eudamini
Subtribus: Eudamina
Genus: Epargyreus
Species: Epargyreus clarus
Subspecies: E. c. californicus –E. c. clarus –E. c. huachuca –E. c. profugus

Name

Epargyreus clarus (Cramer, [1775])

Type localityː "Surinam".

Typusː MNHN?

Synonymy

• Papilio tityrus Fabricius, 1775: 532 (preocc. Papilio tityrus Poda, 1761).
  
• Papilio clarus Cramer, [1775]: 66, pl. 41, fig. E, F.
  
• Epargyreus clarus (Cramer); Hübner, [1819]: 105; Lepindex.
• Epargyreus titgrus Draudt, 1922. Mis-spelling.
• tityrus ab. smythi Williams, R.C., 1927. Replacement name.
• tityris Gunder, 1933. Mis-spelling.
• argentosus Hayward, 1933. Mis-spelling.
• Bibacis argenteola (sic) Matsumura, 1940.
• Epargyreus clarus clarus (Cramer); Bridges, 1994: IX.24, Lamas, 2004: 35; Li, et al., 2019: 20.

References

• Cramer, P. 1775–1780. De Uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in der drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Afrika en America (etc). Amsterdam, Baalde & Utrecht, Parts 1–3. Pt.1 [1775]: xxx+16, 1–132, pls 1–84; [1776]: 133–156, pls 85–96; Pt.2 [1777]: 1–152, pls 97–192; Pt.3 [1779]: 1–104, pls 193–252; [1780]: 105–176, pls 253–288; Pt.4 [1780]: 1–246, pls 289–400. Reference page. 
• Dixon, B.W., 1955. A New Subspecies of Epargyreus clarus from Arizona with Distributional Notes (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Entomological News 66(l): 6-9. Reference page. 
• Evans, W.H. 1951–55. A Catalogue of the American Hesperiidae in the British Museum. Pt.1 (1951): x+92pp, pls.1–9; Pt.2 (1952): v.+178pp, pls.10–25; Pt.3 (1953): v+246pp, pls.26–53; Pt.4 (1955): v+499pp, pls. 54–88. Reference page. 
• Fabricius, J.C. 1775. Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Libraria Kortii, Flensburgi et Lipsiae. xvi+ 832 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.36510. BHL. Reference page. 
• Hübner, J. 1819. Verzeichniß bekannter Schmettlinge 2–11: 17–176. BHL Reference page. 
• Li, W., Cong. Q., Shen, J.H., Zhang, J., Hallwachs, W., Janzen, D.H. & Grishin, N.V. 2019. Genomes of skipper butterflies reveal extensive convergence of wing patterns. PNAS 116(13): 6232–6237. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821304116. Text. SI Appendix. Reference page. 
• MacNeill, 1975. Hesperiidae. In Howe, Butterflies of North America.. pp.423-578. New York, Doubleday. Reference page. 
• Matsumura S., 1940. A new species of Hesperiidae from Formosa. Insecta Matsumurana, 15: 1-2 PDF. Reference page. 
• Weiss M.R., Lind E.M., Jones M.T., Long J.D. & Maupin J.L. 2003. Uniformity of leaf shelter construction by larvae of Epargyreus clarus (Hesperiidae), the silver-spotted skipper. Journal of Insect Behavior 16: 465–480. Reference page. 

Vernacular names

English: Silver-spotted Skipper

Links

Butterflies of America