Crotalus horridus

Crotalus horridus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Viperoidea

Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Unikonta Cladus: Opisthokonta Cladus: Holozoa Regnum: Animalia Subregnum: Eumetazoa Cladus: Bilateria Cladus: Nephrozoa Superphylum: Deuterostomia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Infraphylum: Gnathostomata Megaclassis: Osteichthyes Cladus: Sarcopterygii Cladus: Rhipidistia Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes Cladus: Elpistostegalia Superclassis: Tetrapoda Cladus: Reptiliomorpha Cladus: Amniota Classis: Reptilia Cladus: Eureptilia Cladus: Romeriida Subclassis: Diapsida Cladus: Sauria Infraclassis: Lepidosauromorpha Superordo: Lepidosauria Ordo: Squamata Cladus: Unidentata, Episquamata Cladus: Toxicofera Subordo: Serpentes Infraordo: Caenophidia Superfamilia: Viperoidea

Familia: Viperidae
Subfamilia: Crotalinae
Genus: Crotalus
Species: Crotalus horridus

Name

Crotalus horridus Linnaeus, 1758: 214 [conserved name]

• Type material: originally in King Adolph Frideric collection and later sent to the Royal Zoological State Museum in Stockholm (NRM). [lost fide Klauber (1972: 38)]
• Type locality: “America”, restricted to “vicinity of New York City” by Schmidt (1953: 227).
• Placed on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology by Opinion 92 (1936) and Direction 57 (1956).

Synonyms

• Crotalus atricaudatus Latreille, 1802: 209
  • Type material: not designated.
  • Type locality: “Caroline”, restricted to “Charleston, South Carolina” by Schmidt (1953: 228).

• Crotalus zetazomae Brickell, 1805: 164
  • Type material: not designated.
  • Type locality: not stated, probably “vicinity of Savannah, Georgia” fide Klauber (1972: 39).

• Crotalinus cyanurus Rafinesque, 1818: 446
  • Type material: not designated.
  • Type locality: “the barrens of Kentucky”.

• Crotalus catesbaei Hemprich, 1820: 387
  • Type material: not designated.
  • Type locality: “South America to Carolina”.

• Crotalus durissus var. concolor Jan, 1859: 153
  • Holotype: Munich Museum, cannot be located.
  • Type locality: “Amerique septentrionale”.

• Crotalus durissus var. melanurus Jan, 1859: 153
  • Holotype: MNHN-RA-0.821, collector and date unknown.
  • Type locality: “Caroline du Sud”.

• Crotalus durissus var. mexicana Jan, 1863: 123
  • Holotype: RMNH 1574, collected by Frank, date unknown.
  • Type locality: “Texas”.

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio Decima, Reformata. Tomus I. Holmiæ (Stockholm): impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. 824 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542 BHL Reference page. 
• Sonnini, C.-N.-S. & Latreille, P.-A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle des Reptiles, avec Figures Déssinnées d'après Nature. 4 volumes: 1, 2, 3, 4. Imprimerie de Crapelet, Chez Deterville libraire: Paris. Reference page. 

Links

• Uetz, P. & Hallermann, J. 2024. Crotalus horridus. The Reptile Database. Accessed on 10 July 2020.
• Hammerson, G.A. 2007. IUCN: Crotalus horridus  (Least Concern). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2007: e.T64318A12765920. DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T64318A12765920.en

Vernacular names

Deutsch: Wald-Klapperschlange
English: Timber Rattlesnake
français: Crotale des bois
lietuvių: Miškinė barškuolė
Nederlands: Ratelslang
polski: Grzechotnik pospolity
Türkçe: Çizgili çıngırak yılanı
українська: Гримучник лісовий

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