Orchis

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Asparagales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Orchidoideae
Tribus: Orchideae
Subtribus: Orchidinae
Genus: Orchis
Subgenera: O. subg. Masculae – O. subg. Orchis

Sectiones: O. sect. Anthropophorae – O. sect. Italicae – O. sect. Masculae – O. sect. Orchis – O. sect. Provinciales – O. sect. Pusillae – O. sect. Robustocalcare

Species: O. adenocheila – O. anatolica – O. anthropophora – O. brancifortii – O. galilaea – O. italica – O. laeta – O. mascula – O. militaris – O. olbiensis – O. pallens – O. patens – O. pauciflora – O. provincialis – O. punctulata – O. purpurea – O. quadripunctata – O. simia – O. sitiaca – O. spitzelii – O. troodi

Subspecies: O. mascula. subsp. ichnusae – O. mascula. subsp. laxifloriformis – O. mascula. subsp. scopulorum – O. mascula. subsp. speciosa
O. militaris. subsp. stevenii
O. patens. subsp. canariensis – O. purpurea. subsp. caucasica – O. simia. subsp. taubertiana
O. spitzelii. subsp. cazorlensis – O. spitzelii. subsp. nitidifolia

Nothospecies: O. × algeriensis – O. × angusticruris – O. × aurunca – O. × bergonii – O. × beyrichii – O. × bispurium – O. × bivonae – O. × buelii – O. × caesii – O. × calliantha – O. × chabalensis – O. × colemanii – O. × fallax – O. × fitzii – O. × hybrida – O. × klopfensteiniae – O. × kretzschmariorum – O. × ligustica – O. × loreziana – O. × lucensis – O. × macra – O. × palanchonii – O. × penzigiana – O. × permixta – O. × petterssonii – O. × plessidiaca – O. × pseudoanatolica – O. × serraniana – O. × sezikiana – O. × spuria – O. × thriftiensis – O. × tochniana – O. × willingiorum – O. × wulffiana

Nothosubspecies: O. × angusticruris. nothosubsp. angusticruris – O. × angusticruris. nothosubsp. transcaucasica – O. × beyrichii. nothosubsp. beyrichii – O. × beyrichii. nothosubsp. golestanica – O. × loreziana. nothosubsp. kisslingii – O. × loreziana. nothosubsp. loreziana – O. × penzigiana. nothosubsp. jailae – O. × penzigiana. nothosubsp. navarrensis – O. × penzigiana. nothosubsp. penzigiana – O. × penzigiana. nothosubsp. sardoa – O. × petterssonii. nothosubsp. incantata – O. × petterssonii. nothosubsp. petterssonii – O. × wulffiana. nothosubsp. suckowii – O. × wulffiana. nothosubsp. wulffiana

Name

Orchis Tourn. ex L., Sp. Pl.: 943: (1753)

Type species: Orchis militaris L., Sp. Pl.: 941 (1753)

Synonymy

Heterotypic
- Abrochis Neck., Elem. Bot. 3: 130 (1790), opus utiq. oppr.
- Zoophora Bernh., Syst. Verz.: 308 (1800)
- Strateuma Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 290 (1812)
- Aceras R.Br. in W.T.Aiton, Hortus Kew. 5: 191 (1813)
- × Orchiaceras E.G.Camus, J. Bot. (Morot) 6: 107 (1892)
- Androrchis D.Tyteca & E.Klein, J. Eur. Orch. 40: 539 (2008)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Europe
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark, Finland, Føroyar, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
- Middle Europe
  - Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
- Eastern Europe
  - Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine.
Africa
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
- Macaronesia
  - Canary Islands, Madeira.
Asia-Temperate
- Siberia
  - Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia.
- Middle Asia
  - Turkmenistan.
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey.
- China
  - Xinjiang.
- Mongolia
  - Mongolia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 939. Reference page.

Additional references

Pridgeon, A.M., Bateman, R.M., Cox, A.V., Hapeman & Chase, M.W. 1997. Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) based on nuclear ITS sequences. 1. Intergeneric relationships and polyphyly of Orchis sensu lato. Lindleyana 12(2): 89–109. Reference page.
Bateman, R.M., Pridgeon, A.M. & Chase, M.W. 1997. Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) based on nuclear ITS sequences. 2. Infrageneric relationships and reclassification to achieve monophyly of Orchis sensu stricto. Lindleyana 12(3): 113–141. Reference page.
Kretzschmar, H., Eccarius, W. & Dietrich, H. 2007. Die Orchideengattungen Anacamptis, Orchis, Neotinea. EchinoMedia-Verlag, Bürgel. Table of contents. ISBN 978-3937-10711-0. Reference page.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2001. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 2: Orchidoideae (Part one); page 333 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850710-0

Links

Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2023. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Orchis. Accessed: 2023 May 8.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Orchis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 May 8. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2023. Orchis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 May 8. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2023. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Orchis. Accessed: 8 May 2023.
International Plant Names Index. 2023. Orchis. Published online. Accessed: 8 May 2023.
Tropicos.org 2023. Orchis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 8 May 2023.

Vernacular names

العربية: سحلب
azərbaycanca: Səhləb
беларуская: Ятрышнік
čeština: Vstavač
Deutsch: Knabenkräuter
eesti: Käpp
suomi: Pallerokämmekät
עברית: סחלב
hornjoserbsce: Pihawka
magyar: Kosbor
հայերեն: Խոլորձ
ქართული: ჯადვარი
қазақша: Сүйсін
перем коми: Орхис
коми: Орхис
Latina: Orchis
lietuvių: Gegužraibė
latviešu: Dzegužpuķes
мокшень: Орхис
олык марий: Орхис
кырык мары: Орхис
Plattdüütsch: Adammetjes-en-evaatjes
norsk: Vårmarihandslekta
ирон: Æнæзæнæджыхос
polski: Storczyk
русский: Ятрышник
slovenčina: Vstavač
slovenščina: Kukavica
српски / srpski: Каћун / Kaćun
Seeltersk: Kuukuuksbloume
svenska: Nycklar
Türkçe: Salep
удмурт: Ашальчи
українська: Зозулинець
vepsän kel’: Jumalankäzi
中文: 红门兰属
中文（简体）: 红门兰属