Demospongiae

Acarnus erithacus

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Parazoa
Phylum: Porifera
Classis: Demospongiae
Subclasses: Heteroscleromorpha – Keratosa – Verongimorpha
Genus incertae sedis: Myceliospongia

[Source: Porifera World Database (WoRMS 2017)]

Name

Demospongiae Sollas, 1885: 395

Synonyms

• Ceractinomorpha Lévi, 1953 (disused, paraphyletic)
• Cornacuspongia Vosmaer, 1887 (disused)
• Monaxonida Ridley & Dendy, 1887 (disused)
• Sclerospongiae Hartman & Goreau, 1970 (disused, paraphyletic)
• Tetractinomorpha Lévi, 1953 (disused, paraphyletic)

References

Primary references

• Sollas, W.J. 1885. A Classification of the Sponges. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 5, 16(95): 395. DOI: 10.1080/00222938509459901

Additional references

• Díaz, M.C., Nuttall, M., Pomponi, S.A., Rützler, K., Klontz, S., Adams, C., Hickerson, E.L. & Schmahl, G.P. 2023. An annotated and illustrated identification guide to common mesophotic reef sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, and Homoscleromorpha) inhabiting Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary and vicinities. Zookeys 1161ː 1–68. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1161.93754 Reference page. 
• Lévi, C. 1979. Remarques sur la taxonomie des Demonspongea. Colloques internationaux du CNRS 291: 497–502.
• Soest, R.W.M., van 1991. Demosponge higher taxa classification re-examination. Pp. 54-71 in Reitner, J. & Keupp, H. (eds.). Fossil and recent sponges. Springer-Verlag: Berlin.
• Borchiellini, C., Chombard, C., Manuel, M., Alivon, E., Vacelet, J. & Boury-Esnault, N. 2004. Molecular phylogeny of Demospongiae: implications for classification and scenarios of character evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32: 823–837. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.02.021
• Hajdu, E., Desqueyroux-Faúndez, R., Carvalho, M.S., Lôbo-Hajdu, G. & Willenz, P. 2013. Twelve new Demospongiae (Porifera) from Chilean fjords, with remarks upon sponge-derived biogeographic compartments in the SE Pacific. Zootaxa 3744(1): 1–64. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3744.1.1 Reference page. 
• Cárdenas, P., Pérez, T. & Boury-Esnault, N. 2012. Chapter two – Sponge Systematics Facing New Challenges. pp. 79-209 in Becerro, M.A., Uriz, M.J., Maldonado, M. & Turon, X. (eds.). Advances in Sponge Science: Phylogeny, Systematics, Ecology. Advances in Marine Biology 61: 432 pp. ISBN 978-0-12-387787-1 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387787-1.00010-6 Reference page. 
• Erpenbeck, D., Sutcliffe, P., Cook, S. de C., Dietzel, A., Maldonado, M., Van Soest, R.W., Hooper, J.N. & Wörheide, G. 2012. Horny sponges and their affairs: On the phylogenetic relationships of keratose sponges. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 63(3): 809–816. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.02.024 Reference page. 
• Gutekunst, V., Müller, A.U., Pohl, T., Brümmer, F., Malik, H., Fawzi, N., Erpenbeck, D. & Lehnert, H. 2018. A new fistulose demosponge species from the Persian Gulf. Zootaxa 4450(5): 565–574. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4450.5.3 Reference page. 
• Manconi, R., Cadeddu, B., Ledda, F. & Pronzato, R. 2013. An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae). ZooKeys 281: 1–68. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 Reference page. 
• Pestana, R., Ribeiro, C., Boury-Esnault, N. & Biscoito, M. 2018. Systematic account of new Porifera (Demospongiae) records from the oceanic Island of Madeira (NE Atlantic). Zootaxa 4402(2): 395–400. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4402.2.11 Reference page. 
• Redmond, N.E., Morrow, C.C., Thacker, R.W., Díaz, M.C., Boury-Esnault, N., Cárdenas, P., Hajdu, E., Lôbo-Hajdu, G., Picton, B.E., Pomponi, S.A., Kayal, E. & Collins, A.G. 2013. Phylogeny and Systematics of Demospongiae in Light of New Small-Subunit Ribosomal DNA (18S) Sequences. Integrative and Comparative Biology 53(3): 388–415. DOI: 10.1093/icb/ict078 Reference page. 
• Lehnert, H. & Stone, R.P. 2015. New species of sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) from the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska. Zootaxa 4033(4): 451–483. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4033.4.1 Reference page. 
• Morrow, C. & Cárdenas, P. 2015. Proposal for a revised classification of the Demospongiae (Porifera). Frontiers in Zoology 12: 7. DOI: 10.1186/s12983-015-0099-8 Reference page. 
• van Soest, R.W.M. 2017. Sponges of the Guyana Shelf. Zootaxa 4217(1): 1–225. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4217.1.1 . Reference page. 

Links

• Demospongiae in the World Register of Marine Species
• Tree of Life Web Project. 2008. Demospongiae. Version 04 March 2008 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Demospongiae/20439/2008.03.04 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/

Vernacular names

বাংলা: শৃঙ্গবারিদ বর্গ
čeština: Rohovití
Deutsch: Hornkieselschwämme
Ελληνικά: Δημόσπογγοι
suomi: Sarveispiisienet
ગુજરાતી: શૃંગવારિદ વર્ગ
हिन्दी: श्रृंगवारिद वर्ग
magyar: Kova–szaru szivacsok
मराठी: श्रृंगवारिद वर्ग
नेपाली: श्रृंगवारिद वर्ग
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ: ਸ੍ਰੰਗਵਾਰਿਦ ਵਰਗ
polski: Gąbki pospolite
русский: Роговые губки
svenska: Horn- och kiselsvampar
தமிழ்: டெமோஸ்பாஞ்சியா
中文: 寻常海绵纲

For more multimedia, look at Demospongiae on Wikimedia Commons.