Vitis

Vitis vinifera

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Vitales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Ordo: Vitales

Familia: Vitaceae
Subfamilia: Vitoideae
Tribus: Viteae
Genus: Vitis
Subgenera: V. subg. Muscadinia – V. subg. Vitis
Species: V. acerifolia – V. aestivalis – V. amoena – V. amurensis – V. arizonica – V. baihuashanensis – V. balansana – V. bashanica – V. bellula – V. berlandieri – V. betulifolia – V. biformis – V. blancoi – V. bloodworthiana – V. bourgaeana – V. bryoniifolia – V. californica – V. chunganensis – V. chungii – V. cinerea – V. coignetiae – V. davidi – V. erythrophylla – V. fengqinensis – V. ficifolia – V. flavicosta – V. flexuosa – V. girdiana – V. hancockii – V. heyneana – V. hissarica – V. hui – V. jaegeriana – V. jinggangensis – V. jinzhainensis – V. kaihuaica – V. kiusiana – V. labrusca – V. lanceolatifoliosa – V. longquanensis – V. luochengensis – V. menghaiensis – V. mengziensis – V. metziana – V. monticola – V. mustangensis – V. nesbittiana – V. novogranatensis – V. nuristanica – V. palmata – V. pedicellata – V. peninsularis – V. piasezkii – V. pilosonervia – V. popenoei – V. pseudoreticulata – V. qinlingensis – V. retordii – V. riparia – V. romanetii – V. rotundifolia – V. rupestris – V. ruyuanensis – V. saccharifera – V. shenxiensis – V. shizishanensis – V. shuttleworthii – V. silvestrii – V. sinocinerea – V. sinoternata – V. tiliifolia – V. tsoi – V. vinifera – V. vulpina – V. wenchowensis – V. wenxianensis – V. wilsoniae – V. wuhanensis – V. xunyangensis – V. yunnanensis – V. zhejiang-adstricta
Nothospecies: V. × champinii – V. × doaniana – V. × novae-angliae 

Name

Vitis L., Sp. Pl. 1: 202 (1753); Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 95 (1754).

• Lectotype species: Vitis vinifera L., designated by N.L. Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N.U.S. ed. 2. 2: 505 (1913), supported by A.S. Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot. 135 (Aug 1929).

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Allosampela Raf., Med. Fl. 2: 122 (1830).
  • Gonoloma Raf., Sylva Tellur.: 86 (1838).
  • Dionysia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 16 (1856), nom. illeg.
  • Palatina Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 13 (1857), nom. nud.
  • Berberina Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 12 (1857), nom. nud.
  • Noachia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 18 (1857).
  • Zaehringia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 16 (1857).
  • Ludovica Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 18 (1857).
  • Leonhardia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 20 (1857).
  • Maerklinia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 13 (1857).
  • Tyrtamia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 12 (1857).
  • Thalesia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 19 (1857).
  • Schamsia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 18 (1857).
  • Sickleria Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 16 (1857).
  • Dioscoridea Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 19 (1857).
  • Elisabetha Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 17 (1857).
  • Gockia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 19 (1857).
  • Heddaea Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 17 (1857).
  • Hlubeckia Bronner, Wilden Trauben Rheinthales: 20 (1857).
  • Spinovitis Rom.Caill., Rev. Hort. (Paris) 55: 53 (1883).
  • Ampelovitis Carrière, Rev. Hort. (Paris) 61: 204 (1889).
  • Muscadinia Small, Fl. S.E. U.S.: 756 (1903).

Homonyms

• Vitis Adans. (1763) = Cissus L.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium (introduced), Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Poland (introduced), Switzerland. Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal (introduced), Sardegna, Spain (introduced). Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia. Regional: Eastern Europe Krym, East European Russia, South European Russia (introduced), Ukraine. Continental: Africa (introduced) Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. Regional: Macaronesia Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira. Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa Gulf of Guinea Islands. Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia. Regional: South Tropical Africa Angola. Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Russian Far East Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Primorye, Sakhalin. Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan (introduced), Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan. Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: Western Asia Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey. Regional: China China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China North-Central, China Southeast, Tibet. Regional: Eastern Asia Japan, Korea, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan. Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indian Subcontinent Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, West Himalaya. Regional: Indo-China Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam. Regional: Malesia Jawa, Philippines, Sumatera, Christmas Island. Continental: Australasia Regional: New Zealand New Zealand North (introduced). Continental: Pacific (introduced) Regional: South-Central Pacific Easter Islands. Regional: Northwestern Pacific Caroline Islands, Marianas. Continental: Northern America Regional: Western Canada British Columbia (introduced), Manitoba, Saskatchewan (introduced). Regional: Eastern Canada New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec. Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming. Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia. Regional: Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico, Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia. Regional: Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast. Continental: Southern America Regional: Central America Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Regional: Caribbean Bahamas, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago. Regional: Northern South America French Guiana (doubtfully present), Venezuela. Regional: Western South America Colombia, Ecuador, Peru (introduced). Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast (introduced). References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 202. Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 95. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Britton, N.L. & Brown, A. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian. ed. 2. C. Scribner's sons, New York. Vol. 2: 505. Reference page. 
• Hitchcock, A.S. & Green, M.L. 1929. Standard species of Linnaean genera of Phanerogamae (1753–1754). pp. 111–195. In: Sprague, T.A. (ed.): International Botanical Congress. Cambridge (England), 1930. Nomenclature. Proposals by British Botanists. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Biblioteca Digital Reference page. 
• Ardenghi, N.M.G., Galasso, G., Banfi, E.A., Zoccola, A., Foggi, B. & Lastrucci, L. 2014. A taxonomic survey of the genus Vitis L. (Vitaceae) in Italy, with special reference to Elba Island (Tuscan Archipelago). Phytotaxa 166(3): 163–198. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.166.3.1 ResearchGate Reference page. 
• Grassi, F. & De Lorenzis, G. 2021. Back to the origins: background and perspectives of grapevine domestication. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22(9, 4518): 1–20. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094518 Reference page. 
• Gleason & Cronquist 1952. New Britton and Brown Illustrated Flora of the Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada 2: 517. ISBN 63-16478
• Galet, Pierre 2000. Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages. Hachette Pratique. ISBN 2012363318.
• Wan, Y., Schwaninger, H., Li, D., Simon, C.J., Wang, Y. & He, P. 2008. The eco-geographic distribution of wild grape germplasm in China. VITIS: Journal of Grapevine Research 47(2): 77–80. ResearchGate Reference page. 
• Wan, Y., Schwaninger, H., Li, D., Simon, C.J., Wang, Y. & Zhang, C. 2008. A review of taxonomic research in Chinese wild grapes. VITIS - Journal of Grape Research 47(2): 81-88. PDF Reference page. 
• Zecca, G., Labra, M. & Grassi, F. 2020. Untangling the evolution of American wild grapes: Admixed species and how to find them. Frontiers in Plant Science 10, p.1814. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01814 Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2024. Vitis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2024 Jan. 23. Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2024. Vitis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2024. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2024 Jan. 25. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2024. Vitis. Published online. Accessed: Jan. 25 2024. Reference page.
• Tropicos.org 2024. Vitis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 25 Jan. 2024.

Vernacular names

Basa Bali: Anggur
беларуская: Вінаград
български: Лоза
English: Grape Vines
suomi: Viiniköynnökset
français: Vigne
Bahasa Indonesia: Anggur
日本語: ブドウ属
македонски: Лоза
polski: Winorośl

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