Ficaria verna

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Ranunculales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Ordo: Ranunculales

Familia: Ranunculaceae
Subfamilia: Ranunculoideae
Tribus: Ranunculeae
Genus: Ficaria
Species: Ficaria verna
Subspecies: F. v. subsp. calthifolia – F. v. subsp. chrysocephala – F. v. subsp. fertilis – F. v. subsp. ficariiformis – F. v. subsp. verna

Name

Ficaria verna Huds., Fl. Angl. 214 (1762), nom. nov.

Synonyms

Replaced synonym
- Ranunculus ficaria L., Sp. Pl. 1: 550 (1753).
  - Typus: Hort. Cliff. 228 (BM).
Homotypic
- Ficaria ranunculoides Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 241 (1788), nom. illeg.
- Ranunculus praecox Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 372 (1796), nom. superfl.
- Ficaria vulgaris J.St.-Hil., Pl. France 2: 50 (1808), nom. superfl.
- Ficaria ranunculoides var. divergens F.W.Schultz, Arch. Fl. France Allemagne 2: 122 (1855), nom. inval.
- Ranunculus ficaria f. divergens F.W.Schultz, Arch. Fl. 1: 224 (1856), nom. inval.
- Ranunculus ficaria f. cordifolius Neilr., Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 1: 685 (1859), nom. inval.
- Ficaria ranunculoides var. bulbilifera Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 13 (1866), nom. inval.
- Ranunculus claviformis Dulac, Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 221 (1867), nom. superfl.
- Ranunculus ficaria var. divergens Syme in J.E.Smith, Engl. Bot., ed. 3, 1: 48 (1877), nom. inval.
- Ficaria ficaria (L.) H.Karst., Ill. Repert. Pharm.-Med. Bot.: 565 (1886), nom. inval.
- Ficaria verna f. divergens Font Quer, Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1930: n.° 211 (1932), nom. inval.
Heterotypic
- Ficaria verna subsp. bulbifera Á.Löve & D.Löve, Bot. Not. 114: 52, (1961).
  - Ficaria bulbifera (Á.Löve & D.Löve) Holub, Preslia 33: 400 (1961).
- Ficaria degenii Hervier, Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 15: 27 (1905).
- Ranunculus ficaria subsp. bulbifer Lawalrée, Fl. Gén. Belgique, Spermatoph. 2: 60 (1955), nom. illeg.
- Ranunculus ficaria subsp. bulbilifer Lambinon, Bull. Jard. Bot. Belg. 51: 462, (1981), nom. nov.
- Ranunculus ficaria var. bulbifer Albert in Albert & Jahandiez, Cat. Pl. Vasc. Var: 7 (1908).
- Ranunculus ficaria var. bulbifer Marsden-Jones, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 40 (1935) [non Albert]
- Ficaria stepporum P.A.Smirn., 1958
- Ficaria varia Otsch., 1965

Note:

Segregation from Ranunculus is unresolved with no consensus across authorities and it deserves its own taxon page.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
- Regional: Northern Europe
  - Denmark, Finland, Føroyar (introduced), Great Britain, Iceland (introduced), Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
- Regional: Middle Europe
  - Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
- Regional: Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
- Regional: Eastern Europe
  - Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine.
Continental: Africa
- Regional: Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
- Regional: Macaronesia
  - Canary Islands.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan.
- Regional: Caucasus
  - North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
- Regional: Western Asia
  - Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey.
Continental: Northern America (introduced)
- Regional: Western Canada
  - British Columbia.
- Regional: Eastern Canada
  - Newfoundland, Ontario, Québec.
- Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Oregon, Washington.
- Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
  - Illinois, Missouri, Wisconsin.
- Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, West Virginia.
- Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
  - Texas.
- Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama, Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Hudson, W. 1762. Flora Anglica, exhibens Plantas per Regnum Angliae sponte crescentes, distributas Secundum Systema Sexuale: cum differentiis specierum, synonymis autorum, nominibus incolarum, solo locorum, tempore florendi, officinalibus pharmacopaeorum.: i–[xvi], 1–506, [i]–xxii. BHL Reference page.
Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 550. Reference page.

Additional references

Paun, O., Lehnebach, C.A., Johansson, J.T., Lockhart, P.J. & Hörandl, E. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Ranunculus and allied genera (Ranunculaceae) in the Mediterranean region and in the European Alpine System. Taxon 54(4): 911–930. DOI: 10.2307/25065478 JSTOR ResearchGate Reference page.
Sell, P.D. 1994. Ranunculus ficaria L. sensu lato. Watsonia 20(1): 41–50. PDF Reference page.

Links

Euro+Med 2006 onwards: Ficaria verna in Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published online. Accessed: 2017 12 8.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Ficaria verna in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 June 6. Reference page. see Ranunculus ficaria
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Ficaria verna in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.

Vernacular names

العربية: ماميران ربيعي
беларуская: Чысцяк веснавы
català: Gatassa
čeština: Orsej jarní
Cymraeg: Llygad Ebrill
dansk: Almindelig Vorterod
Deutsch: Scharbockskraut
English: Lesser Celandine
Esperanto: Fikario
español: Celidonia menor
eesti: Kanakoole
euskara: Korradu-belar
فارسی: لسر کلاندین
suomi: Mukulaleinikki
français: Ficaire
Gaeilge: Grán arcáin
עברית: נורית הלב
hornjoserbsce: Niska maslenka
magyar: Salátaboglárka, nyugati salátaboglárka
հայերեն: Թզարմատ գարնանային
Ido: Fikario
italiano: Favagello
Taqbaylit: Tibiwt
한국어: 피카리아
Limburgs: Spieënkroed
lietuvių: Pavasarinis švitriešis
latviešu: Pavasara mazpurenīte
эрзянь: Тундонь верькс тикше
Nederlands: Gewoon speenkruid
norsk nynorsk: Vårkål
ирон: Кæдзусæг
polski: Ziarnopłon wiosenny
русский: Чистяк весенний
svenska: Svalört
Türkçe: Arpacıksalebi
українська: Пшінка весняна
walon: Djaenea fåsse ranonke

For more multimedia, look at Ficaria verna on Wikimedia Commons.