Phoenix

Phoenix dactylifera

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Arecales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Arecales

Familia: Arecaceae
Subfamilia: Coryphoideae
Tribus: Phoeniceae
Genus: Phoenix
Species: P. acaulis – P. atlantica – P. caespitosa – P. canariensis – P. dactylifera – P. loureiroi – P. paludosa – P. pusilla – P. reclinata – P. roebelenii – P. rupicola – P. sylvestris – P. theophrasti
Unplaced names: P. andamanensis

Name

Phoenix L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1188 (1753); Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 496 (1754).

• Type species: Phoenix dactylifera L. Sp. Pl. 2: 1188 (1753) (by monotypy)

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Elate L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1189 (1753).
  • Palma Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4 (1754).
  • Dachel Adans., Fam. 2: 25, 548 (1763).
  • Phoniphora Neck., Elem. Bot. 3: 302 (1790), opus utique oppr.
  • Fulchironia Lesch. in R.L.Desfontaines, Tabl. École Bot., ed. 3: 29 (1829).
  • Zelonops Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 102 (1837).

Homonyms

• Phoenix Haller (1768) = Chrysopogon Trinius (1820)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Northern Europe Great Britain (introduced). Regional: Southwestern Europe Spain (introduced). Regional: Southeastern Europe Greece, Italy (introduced), Kriti, Sicilia (introduced). Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Western Sahara (introduced). Regional: Macaronesia Azores (introduced), Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira (introduced). Regional: West Tropical Africa Benin, Burkina, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania (introduced), Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo. Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa Burundi, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Islands (introduced), Rwanda, Zaire. Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa Chad (introduced), Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Socotra (introduced), Somalia, Sudan. Regional: East Tropical Africa Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda. Regional: South Tropical Africa Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Regional: Southern Africa Botswana, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Swaziland, Northern Provinces. Regional: Western Indian Ocean Comoros, Mauritius, Mozambique Channel Islands (introduced), Madagascar, Réunion (introduced). Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Western Asia Afghanistan (introduced), East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Palestine, Sinai (introduced), Turkey. Regional: Arabian Peninsula Gulf States, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen. Regional: China China South-Central, Hainan, China Southeast. Regional: Eastern Asia Taiwan. Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indian Subcontinent Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya. Regional: Indo-China Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Vietnam. Regional: Malesia Malaya, Philippines, Sumatera. Continental: Australasia (introduced) Regional: Australia Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia. Regional: New Zealand New Zealand North. Continental: Pacific Regional: Southwestern Pacific Fiji, New Caledonia (introduced). Continental: Northern America (introduced) Regional: Southwestern U.S.A. California. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Florida. Regional: Mexico Mexico Northwest. Continental: Southern America (introduced) Regional: Central America El Salvador. Regional: Caribbean Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago. Regional: Western South America Bolivia. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 1188. Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 496. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Barrow, S.C. 1998. A Monograph of Phoenix L. (Palmae: Coryphoideae). Kew Bulletin 53(3): 513–575. DOI: 10.2307/4110478 Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2024. Phoenix in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2024 Aug 17. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2024. Phoenix. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 17 Aug 2024.
• International Plant Names Index. 2024. Phoenix. Published online. Accessed: 17 Aug 2024.
• Hassler, M. 2024. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Phoenix. Accessed: 17 Aug 2024.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Phoenix in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names

Afrikaans: Dadelpalms
العربية: تبلية
беларуская: Фінікавая пальма
словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ: Фїнїѯъ
dansk: Daddelpalme
Deutsch: Dattelpalmen
English: Date Palm
Esperanto: Daktilpalmo
suomi: Taatelit
Nordfriisk: Datelpualmer
français: Dattiers
עברית: תמר (עץ)
Nederlands: Dadelpalmen
polski: Daktylowiec
русский: Финиковая пальма
Tiếng Việt: Chi Chà là
中文: 剌葵屬

For more multimedia, look at Phoenix on Wikimedia Commons.