Mitragyna rotundifolia

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Gentianales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Rubiaceae
Subfamilia: Cinchonoideae
Tribus: Naucleeae
Genus: Mitragyna
Species: Mitragyna rotundifolia

Name

Mitragyna rotundifolia (Roxb.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 289 (1891)

Synonymy

Basionym
- Nauclea rotundifolia Roxb., [Hort. Beng.: 86 (1814), nom. nud.,] Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich ed.) 2: 124 (1824)
  - Typus: W. Roxburgh [241] (Lectotypus: BM {BM000945040^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}, BM000945041^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}?}, both identified by C.E. Ridsdale).
  - Type locality: [Bangladesh.] Chittagong.
Homotypic
- Stephegyne rotundifolia Kurz, Prelim. Rep. For. Veg. Pegu, App. B.: 60 (1875), in clavi.
Heterotypic
- Nauclea brunonis Wall. [Cat. 6097] ex G.Don, Gen. Hist. 3: 467 (1834); not accepted by Hooker (1880: 26), Pitard (1922: 43) [cited as Stephegyne diversifolia], Ridsdale (1978: 67) and Chen & Taylor (2011) [cited as Mitragyna rotundifolia]
  - Typus: Wallich Cat. 6097 [W. Gomez] (K [K001123026^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}]) fide Ridsdale (1978: 67).
  - Type locality: [Burma.] Tavoy[Dawei].
- Mitragyna brunonis (Wall. ex G.Don) Craib, Fl. Siam. 2(1): 11 (1932); not accepted by Ridsdale (1978: 67) and Chen & Taylor (2011) [cited as Mitragyna rotundifolia]

Misapplied names

Nauclea diversifolia auct. non Wall. ex G.Don, Gen. Hist. 3: 467 (1834): Edward Balfour, Timber Trees India: 178 (1862)
Stephegyne diversifolia auct. non (Wall. ex G.Don) Brandis, Forest Fl. N.W. India: 263 (1874): Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 26 (1880), pro parte; Prain, Bengal Pl. 1 (1903), repr.: 404 (1963); Brandis, Indian Trees: 370 (1906); Pit., Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H. Lecomte et al.] 3: 43 (1922); C.E.Parkinson, Forest Fl. Andaman Is.: 185 (1923)
Mitragyna diversifolia auct. non (Wall. ex G.Don) Havil.: Havil., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 33: 71 (1897), pro parte; King & Gamble, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 72(4): 118 (1903 publ. 1904), pro parte; Kanjilal & Das, Fl. Assam 3: 16 (1939)
- Note: see Ridsdale (1978: 67).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: China
  - China South-Central (Yunnan).
Continental: Asia-Tropical
- Regional: Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam (Assam, Mizoram, Tripura), Bangladesh, East Himalaya.
- Regional: Indo-China
  - Andaman Is., Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Nicobar Is., Thailand, Vietnam.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Kuntze, O. 1891. Revisio generum plantarum vascularium omnium atque cellularium multarum secundum leges nomenclaturae internationales cum enumeratione plantarum exoticarum in itinere mundi collectarum. Pars I. Pp. I–CLV, 1–374. Arthur Felix, Leipzig [etc.] BHL Reference page.

Additional references

Roxburgh, W. 1814. Hortus Bengalensis, or a Catalogue of the Plants Growing in the Hounourable East India Company's Botanical Garden at Calcutta. Serampore. BHL Reference page.
Roxburgh, W. (†) 1824. Flora Indica; or Descriptions of Indian Plants. [Edited by Carey, W.] Vol. 2. 588 pp. Serampore. BHL Reference page.
Wallich, N. 1828–1849. A Numerical List of Dried Specimens of plants in the Museum of the Honl. East India Company, which have been supplied by Dr. Wallich, superintendent of the botanic garden at Calcutta. London. BHL Reference page.
Don, G. 1834. A general history of the dichlamydeous plants, comprising complete descriptions of the different orders; ...; the whole arranged according to the natural system. Vol. III. — Calyciiflorae. VIII+867 pp. J.G. and F. Rivington, et al., London. BHL Reference page.
Balfour, E. 1862. The Timber Trees, Timber and Fancy Woods, as Also, the Forests, of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia. Printed at the Union Press, by Cookson. Pp. 358. Google Books.
Hooker, J.D., assisted by various botanists, 1880–1882. The Flora of British India Vol. 3. Caprifoliaceae to Apocynaceae. 712 pp. London: L. Reeve. BHL Reference page.
Haviland, G.D. 1897. A Revision of the Tribe Naucleeae. Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany 33(228): 1–94. BHL Reference page.
Brandis, D. 1906. Indian Trees, an account of trees, shrubs, woody climbers, bamboos and palms indigenous or commonly cultivated in the British Indian Empire. XXXIV+767 pp. Archibald Constable & Co., London. BHL Reference page.
Judson, A.; Stevenson, Robert C.; Eveleth, F. H. 1921. The Judson Burmese-English Dictionary. Rangoon: American Baptist Mission Press. Archive.org Reference page.
Pitard, J. 1922–1933. Rubiacées. Pp. 20–442. In: Lecomte, H., Humbert, H. & Gagnepain, F. (eds.), Flore générale de l'Indo-Chine. Tome troisième: Caprifoliacées à Apocynacées. Paris: Masson et C^ie. BHL Reference page.
Parkinson, C.E. 1923. A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands: An Account of the Trees, Shrubs and Principal Climbers of the Islands. Pp. 325. Superintendent, Government Central Press. Google Books. Reference page.
Craib, W.G. 1932. Florae Siamensis Enumeratio. Vol. 2 (Caprifoliaceae to Apocynaceae), Part 1. Pp. 1–146. Google Books. Reference page.
Kanjilal, U.N. (†), Das, A., Kanjilal, P.C. & De, R.N. 1939. Flora of Assam, Vol. 3. Caprifoliaceæ to Plantaginacæ. Calcutta: Prabasi Press. Internet Archive. Reference page.
Ridsdale, C.E. 1978. A revision of Mitragyna and Uncaria (Rubiaceae). Blumea 24(1): 43–100. PDF Reference page.
Chen Tao & Taylor, C.M. 2011. Mitragyna rotundifolia. Pp. in Wu, Zh.Y. , Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.-Y. (eds.), Flora of China. Volume 19: Cucurbitaceae through Valerianaceae, with Annonaceae and Berberidaceae. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, ISBN 978-1-935641-04-9. efloras PDF Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2021. Mitragyna rotundifolia. Published online. Accessed: 15 December 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Mitragyna rotundifolia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 15 December 2021.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Mitragyna rotundifolia in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 March 24. Reference page.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2023. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Mitragyna rotundifolia. Accessed: 2023 December 12.

Vernacular names

ភាសាខ្មែរ: ក្ទម្ព (Headley, Rath Chim & Ok Soeum 1997)
မြန်မာဘာသာ: ဘင်္ဂ (Brandis 1906: 370 [as 'Bingah']; Judson, Stevenson & Eveleth 1921: 719)
ไทย: กระทุ่มเนิน
中文: 帽蕊木

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