Modiola caroliniana

Modiola caroliniana

Modiola caroliniana

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Malvales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids II Ordo: Malvales

Familia: Malvaceae
Subfamilia: Malvoideae
Tribus: Malveae
Genus: Modiola
Species: Modiola caroliniana

Name

Modiola caroliniana (L.) G.Don

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Abutilodes carolinianum (L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 65 (1891)
  • Malva caroliniana L. in Sp. Pl.: 688 (1753)
  • Modanthos caroliniana (L.) Alef. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 12: 12 (1863)
  • Modiola multifida Moench in Methodus: 620 (1794), nom. superfl.
  • Sphaeralcea caroliniana (L.) Paxton in Pocket Bot. Dict.: 298 (1840)
• Heterotypic
  • Anoda strictiflora Steud. in Flora 39: 437 (1856)
  • Malva caroliniana var. decumbens (Willd.) Trevir. in Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1818: 4 (1818)
  • Malva caroliniana var. neglecta Regel in Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 1860: 50 (1860)
  • Malva decumbens Willd. in Enum. Pl.: 731 (1809)
  • Malva eriocarpa DC. in Prodr. 1: 436 (1824)
  • Malva hawaiensis H.Lév. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 120 (1911)
  • Malva juvenalis Lesp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 6: 647 (1859)
  • Malva prostrata Cav. in Diss. 2: 59 (1786)
  • Malva radicans Larrañaga in Escritos D. A. Larrañaga 2: 219 (1923)
  • Malva urticifolia Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 5: 276 (1822)
  • Modanthos decumbens (Willd.) Alef. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 12: 12 (1863)
  • Modanthos eriocarpa (DC.) Alef. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 12: 12 (1863)
  • Modanthos prostrata (Cav.) Alef. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 12: 12 (1863)
  • Modanthos reptans (A.St.-Hil.) Alef. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 12: 12 (1863)
  • Modanthos urticifolia (Kunth) Alef. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 12: 12 (1863)
  • Modiola caroliniana var. brevipes Griseb. in Symb. Fl. Argent.: 45 (1879)
  • Modiola caroliniana var. cumingiana C.A.Mey. in Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 11(Suppl.): 58 (1846)
  • Modiola caroliniana var. erecta Thell. in Fl. Adv. Montpellier: 373 (1912)
  • Modiola caroliniana f. parvula R.E.Fr. in Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., ser. 3, 24(2): 11 (1947)
  • Modiola decumbens (Willd.) G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 466 (1831)
  • Modiola erecta Lesp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 6: 647 (1859)
  • Modiola eriocarpa (DC.) G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 466 (1831)
  • Modiola fissistipula C.Presl in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 3: 449 (1845)
  • Modiola prostrata (Cav.) A.St.-Hil. in Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 211 (1827)
  • Modiola reptans A.St.-Hil. in Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 212 (1827)
  • Modiola urticifolia (Kunth) G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 466 (1831)
  • Modiolastrum jaeggianum K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 12(3): 278 (1891)
  • Sphaeralcea decumbens (Willd.) Paxton in Pocket Bot. Dict.: 298 (1840)
  • Sphaeralcea prostrata (Cav.) Paxton in Pocket Bot. Dict.: 298 (1840)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America Regional:Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Paraguay, Uruguay Regional:Western South America Bolivia, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Ecuador, Juan Fernández Is., Peru Regional:Brazil Brazil South Regional:Northern South America Colombia Introduced into: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Azores, Belgium, Bermuda, California, Cape Provinces, Costa Rica, Delaware, Dominican Republic, Florida, Free State, Georgia, Great Britain, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Jamaica, Japan, Kentucky, Korea, Louisiana, Madeira, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Morocco, New Zealand North, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, Northern Provinces, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Portugal, South Carolina, Spain, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Don, G. 1831. A general history of the dichlamydeous plants, comprising complete descriptions of the different orders; ...; the whole arranged according to the natural system. Vol. I.—Thalamiflorae. XXVIII+818 pp. J.G. and F. Rivington, et al., London. BHL Reference page. ; 1:466.

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Modiola caroliniana in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 October 25. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2023. Modiola caroliniana. Published online. Accessed: October 25 2023.
• Tropicos.org 2023. Modiola caroliniana. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 25 October 2023.
• Hassler, M. 2023. Modiola caroliniana. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 October 25. Reference page. 
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Modiola caroliniana in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names

English: red-flower-mallow, babosilla, bristly-fruited mallow, Carolina bristlemallow
한국어: 국화잎아욱
svenska: Sprötmalva
中文: 刺果錦葵,

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