Helleborus orientalis subsp. orientalis

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Ranunculales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Ordo: Ranunculales

Helleborus orientalis Lam. subsp. orientalis, autonym

Heterotypic
- Helleborus caucasicus A.Braun, Index Seminum Hort. Bot. Berol. 1853 Append. 24. 1853.
- Helleborus guttatus A.Braun & F.W.H.Sauer, Index Seminum Hort. Bot. Berol. 1853 Append. 23. 1853.
  - Helleborus abchasicus var. guttatus (A.Braun & F.W.H.Sauer) Woronow
  - Helleborus caucasicus var. guttatus (A.Braun & F.W.H.Sauer) Regel, Gartenfl. 192. 1860.
  - Helleborus orientalis subsp. guttatus (A.Braun & F.W.H.Sauer) B.Mathew, Hellebores: 90. 1989.
  - Helleborus orientalis var. guttatus (A.Braun & F.W.H.Sauer) Demoly, Hellebores Jard. Bellevue 94. 2000.
- Helleborus antiquorum A.Braun, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. App. 23. 1853.
- Helleborus foetida Georgi, nom. illeg. non L. (1753).
- Helleborus officinalis Salisb., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8: 305. 1807.
- Helleborus olympicus Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 27(Misc.): 54. 1841.
- Helleborus ponticus A.Braun, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. App. 24. 1853.

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
- Regional: Northern Europe
  - Denmark (casual), Great Britain (naturalised), Ireland (casual), Sweden (casual)
- Regional: Middle Europe
  - Austria (alien), Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic, casual), Germany (naturalised), Switzerland (alien).
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia (Croatia, alien)
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Caucasus
  - North Caucasus, Transcaucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Gruzija)
- Regional: Western Asia
  - Turkey.
Continental: Australasia
- Regional: New Zealand
  - Chatham Islands (introduced)
Continental: Northern America
- Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
  - District of Columbia (introduced).

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Helleborus orientalis subsp. orientalis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Oct 27. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2019. Helleborus orientalis subsp. orientalis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Oct 27. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2009. Helleborus orientalis subsp. orientalis. Published online. Accessed: Nov 24 2009.