Helleborus niger

Helleborus niger subsp. niger, Ferlach, Karawanken, Kärnten, Austria

Helleborus niger subsp. niger flower detail, Ferlach, Karawanken, Kärnten, Austria

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Ranunculales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Ordo: Ranunculales

Familia: Ranunculaceae
Subfamilia: Ranunculoideae
Tribus: Helleboreae
Genus: Helleborus
Sectio: H. sect. Helleborus
Species: Helleborus niger
Subspecies: H. n. subsp. macranthus – H. n. subsp. niger

Name

Helleborus niger L., Sp. Pl. 1: 558 (1753).

Artificial Hybrids

• Helleborus × ballardiae B.Mathew
• Helleborus × ericsmithii B.Mathew
• Helleborus × lemonnierae Demoly

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Europe Northern Europe Sweden (casual). Middle Europe Austria, Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic, casual), Germany, Switzerland. Southwestern Europe France (doubtfully native). Southeastern Europe Italy, Yugoslavia (Croatia, Slovenia) Eastern Europe (all casual except indicated otherwise) Belarus, Baltic States (Estonia, Kaliningrad, Latvia, Lithuania), Krym, Central European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine (alien). References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 558. Reference page. 

Links

• Euro+Med 2006 onwards: Helleborus niger in Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Oct. 5.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Helleborus niger in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.

Vernacular names

العربية: خربق أسود
azərbaycanca: Qara şaxtagülü
български: Черен кукуряк
català: Hel·lèbor negre
čeština: Čemeřice černá
Cymraeg: Pelydr Du
dansk: Almindelig Julerose
Deutsch: Schwarze Nieswurz
dolnoserbski: Carny kichac
English: Black Hellebore
Esperanto: Nigra heleboro
español: Eléboro negro
فارسی: خربق سیاه
suomi: Vaaleajouluruusu
français: Hellébore noir
Gaelg: Blaa Nollick
हिन्दी: कटुकी
hrvatski: Velecvjetni kukurijek
hornjoserbsce: Čorna čemjerca
magyar: Fekete hunyor
italiano: Elleboro nero
日本語: クリスマスローズ
Nederlands: Kerstroos
norsk: Julerose
polski: Ciemiernik biały
русский: Морозник чёрный
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Velecvjetni kukurijek
slovenčina: Čemerica čierna
slovenščina: Črni teloh
српски / srpski: Црни кукурек
svenska: Julros
Türkçe: Noel gülü
中文: 聖誕玫瑰

For more multimedia, look at Helleborus niger on Wikimedia Commons.