Fumaria

Fumaria officinalis
Typus of Fumaria

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Ranunculales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Ordo: Ranunculales

Familia: Papaveraceae
Subfamilia: Fumarioideae
Tribus: Fumarieae
Genus: Fumaria
Species: F. abyssinica – F. agraria – F. ajmasiana – F. asepala – F. atlantica – F. ballii – F. barnolae – F. bastardii – F. berberica – F. bicolor – F. bracteosa – F. capitata – F. capreolata – F. coccinea – F. daghestanica – F. densiflora – F. dubia – F. erostrata – F. faurei – F. flabellata – F. gaillardotii – F. indica – F. judaica – F. kralikii – F. macrocarpa – F. macrosepala – F. mairei – F. maurorum – F. melillaica – F. microstachys – F. mirabilis – F. montana – F. munbyi – F. muralis – F. normanii – F. occidentalis – F. officinalis – F. ouezzanensis – F. parviflora – F. petteri – F. platycarpa – F. pugsleyana – F. purpurea – F. ragusina – F. reuteri – F. rifana – F. rostellata – F. rupestris – F. schleicheri – F. segetalis – F. sepium – F. skottsbergii – F. vaillantii – F. wirtgenii
Nothospecies: F. × alberti – F. × burnatii – F. × franchetii – F. × gagrica – F. × painteri

Name

Fumaria L., Sp. Pl. 2: 699 (1753).

• Type species: Fumaria officinalis L., Sp. Pl. 2: 700 (1753).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Europe Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Føroyar (introduced), Great Britain, Iceland (introduced), Ireland, Norway, Sweden. Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia. Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine. Africa Northern Africa Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. Macaronesia Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde (extinct), Madeira, Selvagens. West-Central Tropical Africa Gulf of Guinea Islands (introduced), Rwanda, Zaire. Northeast Tropical Africa Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan. East Tropical Africa Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda. South Tropical Africa Angola (introduced), Malawi, Zimbabwe (introduced). Regional: Southern Africa Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Northern Provinces (introduced). Regional: Middle Atlantic Ocean Ascension, St.Helena (introduced). Regional: Western Indian Ocean Mauritius, Réunion (introduced). Asia-Temperate Regional: Siberia Altay, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, West Siberia (introduced). Regional: Russian Far East Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin (introduced). Middle Asia Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan. Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Western Asia Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Turkey. Arabian Peninsula Gulf States, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen. China Xinjiang. Regional: Eastern Asia Taiwan (introduced). Asia-Tropical Indian Subcontinent Assam, Bangladesh (introduced), East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya. Continental: Australasia (introduced) Regional: Australia Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia. Regional: New Zealand Kermadec Islands, New Zealand North, New Zealand South. Continental: Pacific (introduced) Regional: South-Central Pacific Easter Islands. Regional: North-Central Pacific Hawaii. Continental: Northern America (introduced) Regional: Western Canada Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan. Regional: Eastern Canada New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec. Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Wyoming. Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont, West Virginia. Regional: Southwestern U.S.A. California, Utah. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, District of Columbia. Regional: Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Northwest. Continental: Southern America (introduced) Regional: Central America Costa Rica. Regional: Caribbean Bermuda, Dominican Republic. Regional: Western South America Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. Regional: Brazil Brazil South. Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Argentina Northwest, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Desventurados Islands, Juan Fernández Islands, Uruguay. Continental: Antarctic Regional: Subantarctic Islands Falkland Islands, Tristan da Cunha. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 699. Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2025. Fumaria in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2025 May 28. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2025. Fumaria. Published online. Accessed: 28 May 2025. Reference page.
• Hassler, M. 2025. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Fumaria. Accessed: May 28 2025.

Vernacular names

azərbaycanca: Şahtərə
català: Fumària
čeština: Zemědým
dansk: Jordrøg
Deutsch: Erdrauch
English: Fumitory
Esperanto: Fumario
español: Palomilla
eesti: Punand
فارسی: شاه تره
suomi: Emäkit
français: Fumeterre
hornjoserbsce: Kokrik
magyar: Orvosi füstike
հայերեն: Ծխաբույս
Ido: Fumario
қазақша: Көгілдір
lietuvių: Žvirbliarūtė
македонски: Чадливка
Nederlands: Duivenkervel
polski: Dymnica
русский: Дымянка
slovenčina: Zemedym
svenska: Jordrökar
українська: Рутка
oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча: Shotara
中文: 球果紫堇属, 烟堇属
中文（简体）: 烟堇属

For more multimedia, look at Fumaria on Wikimedia Commons.