Filago

Filago minima

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Asterales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Campanulids Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Gnaphalieae
Subtribus: Gnaphaliinae
Genus: Filago
Subgenera: F. subg. Crocidion – F. subg. Filago – F. subg. Oglifa – F. subg. Pseudevax
Species: F. aberrans – F. abyssinica – F. aegaea – F. anatolica – F. arenaria – F. argentea – F. arizonica – F. arvensis – F. asterisciflora – F. californica – F. carpetana – F. castroviejoi – F. congesta – F. contracta – F. cretensis – F. crocidion – F. cuneata – F. depressa – F. desertorum – F. discolor – F. duriaei – F. eriocephala – F. eriosphaera – F. filaginoides – F. fuscescens – F. germanica – F. griffithii – F. hispanica – F. hurdwarica – F. inexpectata – F. libyaca – F. lojaconoi – F. longilanata – F. lusitanica – F. lutescens – F. mareotica – F. mauritanica – F. micropodioides – F. neglecta – F. nevadensis – F. palaestina – F. paradoxa – F. perpusilla – F. pertomentosa – F. petro-ianii – F. prolifera – F. pygmaea – F. pyramidata – F. ramosissima – F. sahariensis – F. tyrrhenica – F. wagenitziana
F. × mixta 

Possibly to be placed into Logfia: F. neglecta
Govaerts et al. (2021) cf. Hassler (2021)

Name

Filago Loefl. ex L., Sp. Pl. 2: 927, 1199 (1753); Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 397 (1754), nom. cons.

• Type species: Filago pyramidata L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1199 (1753), typ. cons.

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Evax Gaertn., Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 393 (1791).
    • Type species: Evax umbellata Gaertn. (= Filago pygmaea L.).
  • Gifola Cass., Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1819: 142 (1819).
    • Type species: Gifola germanica (L.) Dumort. (≡ Filago germanica (L.) Huds.)
    • Impia Bluff & Fingerh., Comp. Fl. German. 2: 342 (1825), nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1 ICBN)
  • Oglifa (Cass.) Cass. in F. Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 23: 564 (1822).
    • Gnaphalium subg. Oglifa Cass., Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1819: 143 (1819).
      • Type species: Filago arvensis L.
    • Filago subg. Oglifa (Cass.) Gren., Fl. Jurass. 2: 430 (1869).
    • Achariterium Bluff & Fingerh., Comp. Fl. German. I, 2: 345 (1825), nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1 ICBN)
  • Pseudevax Pomel, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: 334 (1888).
  • Evacopsis Pomel, Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 41 (1874).
    • Type species (designated by Wagenitz 1966: 337): Evacopsis polycephala Pomel (≡ Filago polycephala (Pomel) Wagenitz = Filago congesta Guss. ex DC.).
  • Evacidium Pomel, Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 287 (1875).
    • Typus: Evacidium atlanticum Pomel (= Filago discolor).
  • Gifolaria (Coss. & Kralik) Pomel, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: 335 (1888).
    • Type species: Filago mareotica Delile
  • Filagopsis (Batt.) Rouy in Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 166, in adnot. (1903) [Apr 1903]
  • Cymbolaena Smoljan., Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 17: 452 (1955).
    • Type species: Cymbolaena longifolia (Boiss. & Reut.) Smoljan. (≡ Micropus longifolius Boiss. & Reut. = Filago griffithii (A.Gray) Andrés-Sánchez & Galbany).
  • ×Giflifa Chrtek & Holub, Preslia 35(1): 12 (1963).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden. Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia. Regional: Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine. Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Western Sahara. Regional: Macaronesia Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira, Selvagens. Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan. Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Siberia Altay, West Siberia. Regional: Russian Far East Primorye (introduced). Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan. Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: Western Asia Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Turkey. Regional: Arabian Peninsula Gulf States, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen. Regional: China Tibet, Xinjiang. Regional: Mongolia Mongolia. Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indian Subcontinent India, Nepal, Pakistan, West Himalaya. Continental: Australasia Regional: Australia South Australia (introduced). Continental: Northern America Regional: Subarctic America Alaska (introduced). Regional: Western Canada British Columbia, Saskatchewan (introduced). Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming (introduced). Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Minnesota, Nebraska, South Dakota (introduced). Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia (introduced). Regional: Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico, Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Delaware, Florida, Louisiana, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, District of Columbia (introduced). Regional: Mexico Mexico Northwest. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 927. Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 397. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Andrés-Sánchez, S., Galbany Casals, M., Rico, E. & Martínez Ortega, M.M. 2011. A nomenclatural treatment for Logfia Cass. and Filago L.(Asteraceae) as newly circumscribed: typification of several names. Taxon 60(2): 572–576. PDF from ResearchGate Reference page. 
• Andrés-Sánchez, S., Martínez Ortega, M.M. & Rico, E. 2013. Taxonomic revision of the genus Logfia (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) in the Mediterranean region. Anales del Jardin Botánico de Madrid 70(1): 7–18. DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2330 PDF. Reference page. 
• Andrés-Sánchez, S., Martínez Ortega, M.M. & Rico, E. 2016. Typifications and a new name in Filago (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae). Phytotaxa 243(3): 281–290. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.6 Reference page. 
• Galbany Casals, M., Andrés-Sánchez, S., Garcia-Jacas, N., Susanna, A., Rico, E. & Martínez Ortega, M.M. 2010. How many of Cassini anagrams should there be? Molecular systematics and phylogenetic relationships in the Filago group (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae), with special focus on the genus Filago. Taxon 59(6): 1671–1689. DOI: 10.1002/tax.596003 JSTOR PDF Reference page. 
• Gutiérrez-Larruscain, D., Martínez Ortega, M.M., Rico, E. & Andrés-Sánchez, S. 2018. Filago longilanata and F. prolifera (Gnaphalieae: Asteraceae): two neglected species from the Filago desertorum clade rediscovered. Plant Biosystems 152(5): 1149–1159. DOI: 10.1080/11263504.2017.1418453 Reference page. 
• Kadereit, J.W., Albach, D.C., Ehrendorfer, F., Galbany Casals, M., Garcia-Jacas, N., Gehrke, B., Kadereit, G., Kilian, N., Klein, J.T., Koch, M.A., Kropf, M., Oberprieler, C., Pirie, M.D., Ritz, C.M., Röser, M., Spalik, K., Susanna, A., Weigend, M., Welk, E., Wesche, K., Zhang, L.-B. & Dillenberger, M.S. 2016. Which changes are needed to render all genera of the German flora monophyletic? Willdenowia 46(1): 39–91. DOI: 10.3372/wi.46.46105 PDF Reference page. 
• Wagenitz, G. 1966. Die Sektion Evacopsis der Gattung Filago (Compositae-Inuleae) im westlichen Mittelmeergebiet. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 79: 336–342. DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1966.tb03102.x (currently not working), Wiley Reference page.  DOI error is with Wiley not WS

Links

• Euro+Med 2006 onwards: Filago in Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Nov. 12. Note: Only partially follows Andrés-Sánchez et al., accepting Logfia as a synonym.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Filago in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Sept. 11. Reference page.  Note: Only partially follows Andrés-Sánchez et al., with Logfia as accepted, but with a narrow circumscription of Filago, which differs a little from Hassler.
• Hassler, M. 2018. Filago. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2018 January 13. Reference page.  Note: Only partially follows Andrés-Sánchez et al., with Logfia as accepted, but with a narrow circumscription of Filago.
• International Plant Names Index. 2018. Filago. Published online. Accessed: January 13 2018.
• Tropicos.org 2018. Filago. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 13 January 2018. Note: Only partially follows Andrés-Sánchez et al., accepting Logfia as a synonym.

Vernacular names

العربية: قربط
čeština: bělolist
dansk: Museurt, Museurt
Deutsch: Filzkräuter
English: Cudweed
eesti: Paganapea
suomi: Tuulenlennot, sykerötuulenlennot
français: Cotonnière
lietuvių: Pūkūnė
Nederlands: Viltkruid
polski: Nicennica
русский: Жабник
slovenčina: bielolist
svenska: Ullörter
українська: Жабник

For more multimedia, look at Filago on Wikimedia Commons.