Equisetum praealtum

Equisetum praealtum, Quebec, Canada

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Equisetales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Divisio: Tracheophyta Divisio: Pteridophyta Classis: Equisetopsida Ordo: Equisetales

Familia: Equisetaceae
Genus: Equisetum
Subgenus: E. subg. Hippochaete
Species: Equisetum praealtum

Name

Equisetum praealtum Raf., Fl. Ludov.: 13 (1817), "prealtum", orth. err..

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Equisetum hyemale var. praealtum (Raf.) Clute, (1908).
  • Hippochaete praealta (Raf.) Farw., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 467 (1916).
• Heterotypic
  • Equisetum robustum var. affine Engelm., Amer. J. Sci. Arts 46: 88 (1844).
    • Equisetum hyemale var. affine (Engelm.) A.A.Eaton, Fern Bull. 11: 75, 111 (1903).
    • Hippochaete praealta var. affinis (Engelm.) Farw., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 467 (1916).
    • Equisetum affine (Engelm. ex Rydb) Rydb., Fl. Rocky Mts.: 1052 (1917).
    • Equisetum praealtum var. affine (Engelm.) M.Broun, Index No. Amer. Ferns: 93 (1938).
    • Equisetum hyemale subsp. affine (Engelm.) Calder & Roy L.Taylor, Canad. J. Bot. 43: 1387 (1965).
    • Hippochaete hyemalis var. affinis (Engelm.) S.X.Li & J.Z.Wang in P.Y.Fu (ed.), Clavis Pl. Chinae Bor.-Or., ed. 2: 25 (1995).
    • Hippochaete hyemalis f. affinis (Engelm.) Satou, Hikobia 12: 267 (1997).
  • Equisetum robustum A.Braun & Engelm., Amer. J. Sci. Arts 46: 88 (1844).
    • Equisetum hyemale var. robustum (A.Braun & Engelm.) A.A.Eaton, Fern Bull. 11: 75, 112 (1903).
  • Equisetum robustum var. minus A.Braun & Engelm., Amer. J. Sci. Arts 46: 88 (1844).
  • Equisetum hyemale var. californicum Milde, Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 12: 1264 (1862).
    • Hippochaete hyemalis var. californica (Milde) Farw., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 465 (1916).
    • Equisetum californicum (Milde) G.N.Jones, Univ. Wash. Publ. Biol. 7: 23, 174 (1939).
  • Equisetum hyemale var. japonicum Milde, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 69 (1863).
  • Equisetum hyemale var. texanum Milde, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 246 (1864).
    • Equisetum praealtum f. texanum (Milde) M.Broun, Index No. Amer. Ferns: 93 (1938).
  • Equisetum robustum var. drummondii Milde, Monogr. Equiset.: 539 (1867).
    • Equisetum hyemale var. drummondii (Milde) A.A.Eaton, Fern Bull. 11: 75, 111 (1903).
    • Equisetum praealtum f. drummondii (Milde) M.Broun, Index No. Amer. Ferns: 93 (1938).
  • Equisetum hyemale f. ramosum A.A.Eaton, Fern Bull. 11: 112 (1903), nom. illeg.
  • Equisetum hyemale var. herbaceum A.A.Eaton, Fern Bull. 11: 75, 108 (1903).
    • Equisetum hyemale f. herbaceum (A.A.Eaton) M.Broun, Index No. Amer. Ferns: 89 (1938).
  • Equisetum hyemale var. pumilum A.A.Eaton, Fern Bull. 11: 109 (1903).
    • Equisetum praealtum f. pumilum (A.A.Eaton) M.Broun, Index No. Amer. Ferns: 94 (1938).
    • Equisetum hyemale f. pumilum (A.A.Eaton) Scoggan, Fl. Canada 1: 51 (1978).
  • Equisetum hyemale f. polystachyum Prag. ex A.A.Eaton, Fern Bull. 11: 17 (1911).
    • Equisetum praealtum f. polystachyum (Prag. ex A.A.Eaton) M.Broun, Index N. Amer. Ferns 94 (1938).
    • Hippochaete praealta subvar. polystachya (Prag. ex A.A.Eaton) Farw., Amer. Fern J. 27: 17 (1937).
  • Hippochaete praealta var. pseudohyemalis Farw., Amer. Fern J. 7: 76 (1917).
    • Equisetum hyemale var. pseudohyemale (Farw.) C.V.Morton in N.L.Britton & A.Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 3, 1: 16 (1952).
  • Equisetum hyemale var. ramosum Honda, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 47: 435 (1933), nom. illeg.
  • Equisetum komarovii Iljin ex Kom., Fl. URSS 1: 110 (1934).
  • Hippochaete praealta subvar. neopolystachya Farw., Amer. Fern J. 27: 17 (1937).
    • Equisetum praealtum f. neopolystachyum (Farw.) M.Broun, Index No. Amer. Ferns: 93 (1938).
  • Equisetum praealtum f. ramosum M.Broun, Index No. Amer. Ferns: 94 (1938).
  • Hippochaete hyemalis f. hondae Satou, Hikobia 12: 267 (1997).
    • Equisetum hyemale f. hondae Nakaike, J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Inst. Chiba 5: 20 (1998), nom. superfl.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe (introduced) Regional: Northern Europe Great Britain. Regional: Middle Europe Belgium, Germany, Netherlands. Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Russian Far East Kamchatka, Sakhalin. Regional: China Manchuria. Regional: Eastern Asia Japan, Taiwan (introduced). Continental: Northern America Regional: Subarctic America Alaska, Greenland, Northwest Territories, Yukon. Regional: Western Canada Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan. Regional: Eastern Canada New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec. Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming. Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia. Regional: Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico, Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia. Regional: Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast. Continental: Southern America Regional: Central America Guatemala. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Rafinesque, C.S. 1817. Florula Ludoviciana, or, a Flora of the State of Louisiana. Translated, revised, and improved, from the French of C. C. Robin, by C. S. Rafinesque. 178 pp. New York: C. Wiley & Co. BHL Reference page. 

Links

• Calder, J.A. & Taylor, R.L. 1965. New taxa and nomenclatural changes with respect to the flora of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Botany 43: 1387–1400. DOI: 10.1139/b65-148 Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2020. Equisetum praealtum – World Ferns: Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World . In: Roskov Y., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., DeWalt R.E., Decock W., De Wever A., Nieukerken E. van, Zarucchi J. & Penev L. (eds.) 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Apr 17.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Equisetum praealtum in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Apr 17. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2020. Equisetum praealtum. Published online. Accessed: Apr 17 2020.

Vernacular names

English: Scouringrush Horsetail
français: Prêle d'hiver d'Amérique

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