Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Gentianales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Gentianaceae
Tribus: Potalieae
Subtribus: Faroinae
Genus: Enicostema
Species: Enicostema axillare
Subspecies: Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare

Name

Enicostema axillare (Poir. ex Lam.) A.Raynal subsp. axillare, autonym

Synonyms

Homotypic
- see Enicostema axillare
Heterotypic
- Exacum hyssopifolium Willd., Sp. Pl. 1: 640 (1798).
  - Gentiana hyssopifolia Willd. ex Spreng., Syst. 1: 589 (1824).
  - Hippion hyssopifolium (Willd.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 4(2): 589 (1827).
  - Cicendia hyssopifolia (Willd.) Wight & Arn. in Hooker, Comp. Bot. Mag. 2: 249 (1836).
  - Adenema hyssopifolium (Willd.) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 201 (1837).
  - Enicostema hyssopifolium (Willd.) Verd., Bothalia, 7: 462 (1961) (bona sp.?)
- Gentiana verticillatum L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10: 952 (1759).
  - Ericoila verticillata L. Borkh., Arch. Bot [Leipzig] 1: I. 27 (1796).
  - Hippion verticillatum L. F.W.Schmidt, Arch. Bot [Leipzig] 1: I. 11 (1796).
  - Exacum verticillatum L. Willd., Sp. Pl. 1: 640 (1798).
  - Coutoubea verticillata L. G.Don in Loudon, Hort. Brit. 48 (1830).
  - Lepinema verticillata L. Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 27 (1837).
  - Slevogtia verticillata L. D.Don, Trans. Linn. Soc. 17: 532 (1837).
  - Hippionum verticillatum L. Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 428 (1891).
  - Enicostema verticillatum auct. non Enicostema verticillatum L. Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C: 313 (1895).
- Gentiana verticillaris Retz., Observ. Bot. 2: 15 (1781).
  - Enicostema verticillare Retz. Baill., Hist. Pl. 10: 131 (1888).
- Hippion orientale Dalzell & A.Gibson, Bombay Fl.: 157 (1861)
- Slevogtia orientalis Griseb. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 9: 66 (1845)

Note: This view of Enicostema axillare is accepted by Hassler (2021), but few other secondary sources, see for example Govaerts et al. (2021) for an alternative synonymy, as they prefer the South American Enicostema verticillatum L. Engl. (1895) and its synonymy to remain segregated, as indicated by Raynal (1969) & Veldkamp (!968).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Africa
- Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan.
- Regional: East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya, Tanzania.
- Regional: South Tropical Africa
  - Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
- Regional: Southern Africa
  - Botswana, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Swaziland, Northern Provinces.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Arabian Peninsula
  - Gulf States, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
- Regional: Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya.
- Regional: Indo-China
  - Vietnam.
- Regional: Malesia
  - Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Additional references

Raynal, A. 1969. Révision du genre Enicostema Blume (Gentianaceæ) Adansonia série 2, 9: 75. BHL. Reference page.
Veldkamp, J.F. 1968. A synopsis of the genus Enicostema Bl., nom. cons. (Gentianaceae). Blumea 16(1): 133–136. PDF Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Enicostema axillare in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 July 27. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Jul 27. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare. Accessed: 27 Jul 2021.