Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare

Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare
Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Gentianales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Gentianaceae
Tribus: Potalieae
Subtribus: Faroinae
Genus: Enicostema
Species: Enicostema axillare
Subspecies: Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare

Name

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Enicostema axillare (Poir. ex Lam.) A.Raynal subsp. axillare, autonym

Synonyms

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  • Homotypic
  • Heterotypic
    • Exacum hyssopifolium Willd., Sp. Pl. 1: 640 (1798).
      • Gentiana hyssopifolia Willd. ex Spreng., Syst. 1: 589 (1824).
      • Hippion hyssopifolium (Willd.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 4(2): 589 (1827).
      • Cicendia hyssopifolia (Willd.) Wight & Arn. in Hooker, Comp. Bot. Mag. 2: 249 (1836).
      • Adenema hyssopifolium (Willd.) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 201 (1837).
      • Enicostema hyssopifolium (Willd.) Verd., Bothalia, 7: 462 (1961) (bona sp.?)
    • Gentiana verticillatum L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10: 952 (1759).
      • Ericoila verticillata L. Borkh., Arch. Bot [Leipzig] 1: I. 27 (1796).
      • Hippion verticillatum L. F.W.Schmidt, Arch. Bot [Leipzig] 1: I. 11 (1796).
      • Exacum verticillatum L. Willd., Sp. Pl. 1: 640 (1798).
      • Coutoubea verticillata L. G.Don in Loudon, Hort. Brit. 48 (1830).
      • Lepinema verticillata L. Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 27 (1837).
      • Slevogtia verticillata L. D.Don, Trans. Linn. Soc. 17: 532 (1837).
      • Hippionum verticillatum L. Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 428 (1891).
      • Enicostema verticillatum auct. non Enicostema verticillatum L. Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C: 313 (1895).
    • Gentiana verticillaris Retz., Observ. Bot. 2: 15 (1781).
      • Enicostema verticillare Retz. Baill., Hist. Pl. 10: 131 (1888).
    • Hippion orientale Dalzell & A.Gibson, Bombay Fl.: 157 (1861)
    • Slevogtia orientalis Griseb. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 9: 66 (1845)

Note: This view of Enicostema axillare is accepted by Hassler (2021), but few other secondary sources, see for example Govaerts et al. (2021) for an alternative synonymy, as they prefer the South American Enicostema verticillatum L. Engl. (1895) and its synonymy to remain segregated, as indicated by Raynal (1969) & Veldkamp (!968).

Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Africa
    • Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan.
    • Regional: East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya, Tanzania.
    • Regional: South Tropical Africa
      • Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
    • Regional: Southern Africa
      • Botswana, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Swaziland, Northern Provinces.
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Regional: Arabian Peninsula
      • Gulf States, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen.
  • Continental: Asia-Tropical
    • Regional: Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya.
    • Regional: Indo-China
      • Vietnam.
    • Regional: Malesia
      • Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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Additional references

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