Canthium malayense

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Gentianales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Rubiaceae
Subfamilia: Dialypetalanthoideae
Tribus: Vanguerieae
Genus: Canthium
Species: Canthium malayense

Name

Canthium malayense K.M.Wong, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70(2): 278 (2018)

• Type: H.K. Lua SING 2018-320 (29 March 2018; Holotype: SING [SING0238285]; Isotypes: A, K).
• Type locality: Singapore. Nee Soon Freshwater Swamp Forest, Mandai Track 7.

Misapplied names

• Canthium horridum auct. non Blume, Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg: 45 (1823): Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 3(7): 135 (1880); Ridl., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 33: 96 (1900); Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins. 2: 123 (1923); Craib, Fl. Siam. 2: 140 (1932); Burkill, Dict. Econ. Prod. Malay Penins., ed. 2, 1: 448 (1966), pro parte; K.M.Wong, Arbor. Rubiaceae Malaya: 45 (1988); K.M.Wong, Tree Fl. Malaya 4: 341 (1989), in clavi.; H.Keng, Concise Fl. Singapore, vol. 1, Gymn. Dicot.: 152 (1990); I.M.Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 45(1): 195 (1993); I.M.Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 47: 420 (1997 ['1995']); H.T.W. Tan et al., Singapore Red Data Book, ed. 2: 239 (2008); K.Y. Chong, H.T.W. Tan & R.T.Corlett, Checkl. Vasc. Pl. Fl. Singapore: 23, 174, 214 (2009)
  • Note: vide Wong & Lua (2018: 278), Wong et al. (2019: 31).
• Canthium parvifolium auct. non Roxb.: King & Gamble, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 73(3): 59 (1904)
  • Note: vide Ridley (1923: 123), Wong & Lua (2018: 278), Wong in Wong et al. (2019: 31).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:
Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indo-China Thailand Regional: Malesia Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak), Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore), Sumatera References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Wong, K.M. & Lua, H.K. 2018. Flora of Singapore precursors, 3. A new species of Canthium (Rubiaceae: Vanguerieae) previously confused with C. horridum. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 70(2): 275–282. DOI: 10.26492/gbs70(2).2018-03 Reference page. 

Additional references

• Hooker, J.D., assisted by various botanists, 1880–1882. The Flora of British India Vol. 3. Caprifoliaceae to Apocynaceae. 712 pp. London: L. Reeve. BHL Reference page. 
• Ridley, H.N. 1900. The Flora of Singapore. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 33: 27–196. BHL Reference page. 
• King, G. & Gamble, J.S. 1905[1904]. Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. No. 15. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Part 2. Natural History 73(3): 47–135. BHL Reference page. 
• Ridley, H.N. 1923. The Flora of the Malay Peninsula. Vol. 2. Gamopetalae. 672 pp. L. Reeve and Co., London. BHL Reference page. 
• Craib, W.G. 1932. Florae Siamensis Enumeratio. Vol. 2 (Caprifoliaceae to Apocynaceae), Part 1. Pp. 1–146.
• Wong, K.M. 1988. The Arborescent Rubiaceae of Malaya: A Manual of Trees of Malayan Rubiaceae. 245 pp. Kuala Lumpur: Forest Research Institute Malaysia. Reference page. 
• Wong, K.M. 1989. Rubiaceae. In: Ng, F.S.P. (ed.) Tree Flora of Malaya: A Manual for Foresters, Volume 4, pp. 324–425. Google Books. Reference page. 
• Keng, H. 1990. The Concise Flora of Singapore: Gymnosperms and Dicotyledons. 222 pp. [Singapore:] Singapore University Press, National University of Singapore. Google Books (only limited preview available). Reference page. 
• Turner, I.M. 1993. The Names Used for Singapore Plants Since 1900. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 45(1): 1–287. BHL. PDF. Reference page. 
• Tan, H.T.W., Tan, B.C., Tan, K.-x., Ali bin Ibrahim, Chew, P.T., Chua, K.S., Duistermaat, H., Ganesan, S.K., Goh, M.W.K., Gwee, A.T., Kiew, R., Lee, S.M.L., Leong, P., Lim, J., Lok, A.F.S.L., Loo, A.H.B., Lum, S.K.Y., Morgany, T., Saifuddin bin Suran, Sim, S., Haji Samsuri bin Haji Ahmad, Wee, Y.C., Yap, K.F., Yeo, C.K. & Yong, J.W.H. 2008. Checklists of threatened species — Seed plants. In: Davison, G.W.H., Ng, P.K.L. & Ho, H.C. (eds.), The Singapore Red Data Book: Threatened Plants & Animals of Singapore, Edition. Pp. 213–244. Singapore: The Nature Society (Singapore). Reference page. 
• Chong, K.Y., Tan, H.T.W. & Corlett, R.T. 2009. A Checklist of the Total Vascular Plant Flora of Singapore: Native, Naturalised and Cultivated Species. Singapore: Raffles Museum of Diversity Research, National University of Singapore. ResearchGate PDF. Reference page. 
• Wong, K.M., Turner, I.M., Wang, R.J., Harwood, R., Seah, W.W., Ng, X.Y., Lim, R.C.J., Lua, H.K. & Mahyuni, R. 2019. Rubiaceae. Flora of Singapore 13: 1–358. DOI: 10.26492/fos13.2019-01 Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Canthium malayense in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 January 20. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2022. Canthium malayense. Published online. Accessed: 20 January 2022.
• Tropicos.org 2022. Canthium malayense. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 20 January 2022.

Vernacular names

Bahasa Melayu: Bulangan Tikus