Archaea

Halobacterium sp.

Taxonavigation

Cladus: Neomura
Superregnum: Archaea
Phyla: Asgardarchaeota – Hadarchaeota – Halobacteriota – Methanobacteriota – Microcaldota – Nanobdellota – Nitrososphaerota – Promethearchaeota – Thermoproteota
incertae sedis:
Group*: DPANN group
Phylum*: Nanoarchaeota

Candidati*: Aenigmarchaeota – Diapherotrites – Micrarchaeota – Nanohaloarchaeota – Pacearchaeota – Parvarchaeota – Woesearchaeota

Group*: TACK group

Phyla*: Crenarchaeota – Thaumarchaeota

Candidatus*: Korarchaeota

Group*: Archaea incertae sedis

Candidati*: DUSEL4 group – NAG2 group – Bathyarchaeota – Geoarchaeota – Lokiarchaeota – Thorarchaeota

(*) Taxa higher than Phyla are in use, but not covered by the Rules of Bacteriologocal Code (2022 Revision). Phylum is covered as of the 2022 Revision. The category 'Candidatus' is also not covered. A name included in the category Candidatus cannot be validly published, and it also cannot be designated sp. nov., gen. nov., etc.

Name

Archaea Woese, Kandler & Wheelis, 1990

Synonyms:

Archaebacteria Woese & Fox, 1977

Metabacteria Hori et al., 1987

Mendosicutes Gibbons & Murray, 1978

References

• Göker, M. & Oren, A. 2024.Valid publication of names of two domains and seven kingdoms of prokaryotes International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 74: 6242. DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006242 . Reference page. 
• Woese, C.R., Kandler, O. & Wheelis, M.L. 1990. Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 87(12): 4576–4579. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576 Reference page. 
• Oren, A., Arahal, D. R., Göker, M., Moore, E.R., Rosselló-Móra, R. & Sutcliffe, I. 2023. International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Prokaryotic code (2022 revision) International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 73(5a): 5585. DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005585 . Reference page. 
• Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. & Göker, M. 2020. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70: 5607–5612. DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 Reference page.  Accessed 1 August 2024
• Tree of Life Web Project. 1997. Archaea. Version 01 January 1997 (temporary) in The Tree of Life Web Project
• Brochier, C., Gribaldo, S., Zivanovic, Y., Confalonieri, F., & Forterre, P. 2005. Nanoarchaea: representatives of a novel archaeal phylum or a fast-evolving euryarchaeal lineage related to Thermococcales? Genome Biology 6: R42. Full text
• Becerra, A., Delaye, L., Islas, S., & Lazcano, A. 2007. The very early stages of biological evolution and the nature of the last common ancestor of the three major cell domains. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 38: 361–379.
• Brochier-Armanet, C., Boussau, B., Gribaldo, S., & Forterre, P. 2008. Mesophilic Crenarchaeota: proposal for a third archaeal phylum, the Thaumarchaeota. Nature reviews microbiology 6: 245–252.
• Williams, T.A. et al. 2013. An archaeal origin of eukaryotes supports only two primary domains of life. Nature, 504: 231–236. DOI: 10.1038/nature12779

Links

• LPSN: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
• Bacterological Code (Revision 1990)
• NCBI Taxonomy
• Archaea – Taxon details on National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
• Archaea – Taxon details on SeqCode Registry (Registry for The Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Described from Sequence Data).
• Microbial Genome Database
• European Nucleotide Archive

Vernacular names

• Alemannisch: Archaebakterie
• العربية: عتائق
• asturianu: Archaea
• azərbaycanca: Arxeya
• беларуская: Археі
• български: Археи
• বাংলা: আর্কিয়া
• bosanski: Archaea
• català: Arqueobacteri
• čeština: Archea
• Cymraeg: Archaea
• dansk: Archaea
• Deutsch: Archaeen
• Ελληνικά: Αρχαία, Αρχαιοβακτήρια
• English: Archaea
• Esperanto: Arkioj
• español: Arqueas
• eesti: Arhed, Arhebakterid, Ürgid
• euskara: Arkeobakterio
• فارسی: باستانیان
• suomi: Arkkieliöt
• Nordfriisk: Uurbakteerien
• français: Archées
• Gaeilge: Aircéach
• עברית: חיידקים קדומים
• हिन्दी: आर्किया
• hrvatski: Archaea
• magyar: Archeák
• հայերեն: Նախակենդանիներ
• Bahasa Indonesia: Arkea
• íslenska: Forngerlar
• italiano: Archaea
• 日本語: 古細菌
• ភាសាខ្មែរ: បុរាណណូ
• 한국어: 고세균
• Lëtzebuergesch: Archaeën
• lietuvių: Archėja
• македонски: Археи
• Bahasa Melayu: Arkea
• مازِرونی: قدیمی‎ئون
• Plattdüütsch: Archaeen
• नेपाल भाषा: आर्केया
• Nederlands: Archaea
• norsk nynorsk: Arkar
• norsk: Arkebakterier
• occitan: Archaea
• Kapampangan: Archaea
• polski: Archeony
• português: Archaea
• Runa Simi: Ñawpa añaki
• русский: Археи
• саха тыла: Архей
• srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Arheja
• slovenčina: Archaea
• slovenščina: Arheje
• svenska: Arkéer
• Kiswahili: Archaea
• தமிழ்: ஆர்க்கீயா
• ไทย: อาร์เคีย
• Tagalog: Archaea
• Türkçe: Arkea
• українська: Археї
• oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча: Arxeya
• vèneto: Archaea
• Tiếng Việt: Vi khuẩn cổ
• Winaray: Archaea
• 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú: Kó͘-seng-khún
• 中文: 古菌

For more multimedia, look at Archaea on Wikimedia Commons.

See also

• Bacteria (classifications)

Alternative classifications

Woese (1990)

3-Domain System of Carl Woese

• Terrabiota
  • non-cellular lifeforms
  • Cytota
    • LUCA
      • Domain Bacteria
        • Neomura
          • Domain Archaea
          • Domain Eukaryota

Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248, [1].

• Superkingdom Prokaryota
  • Kingdom Archaea [= Archaebacteria]
    • Phylum Crenarchaeota
      • Class “Aigarchaeota”
        • Order N.N. ("Candidatus Caldiarchaeum")
      • Class “Korarchaeota”
        • Order N.N. ("Candidatus Korarchaeum")
      • Class “Thaumarchaeota”
        • Order Cenarchaeales
      • Class Thermoprotei [= Crenarchaeota]
        • Order Acidilobales
        • Order Desulfurococcales
        • Order Fervidicoccales
        • Order Sulfolobales
        • Order Thermoproteales
    • Phylum Euryarchaeota
      • Class Archaeoglobi
        • Order Archaeoglobales
      • Class Halobacteria
        • Order Halobacteriales
      • Class Methanobacteria
        • Order Methanobacteriales
      • Class Methanococci
        • Order Methanococcales
      • Class “Methanomicrobia”
        • Order N.N. (Methanocalculus)
        • Order Methanocellales
        • Order Methanomicrobiales
        • Order Methanosarcinales
        • Class Methanopyri
        • Order Methanopyrales
      • Class “Nanohaloarchaea”
        • Order N.N. (e.g., "Candidatus Nanosalinarum")
      • Class Thermococci
        • Order Thermococcales
      • Class Thermoplasmata
        • Order Thermoplasmatales
  • Kingdom Bacteria [= Eubacteria]
• Superkingdom Eukaryota