Xanthoria polycarpa

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Teloschistineae
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Fungi Subregnum: Dikarya Divisio: Ascomycota Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina Classis: Lecanoromycetes Subclassis: Lecanoromycetidae Ordo: Teloschistales Subordo: Teloschistineae

Familia: Teloschistaceae
Subfamilia: Xanthorioideae
Genus: Xanthoria
Species: Xanthoria polycarpa

Name

Xanthoria polycarpa (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. ex Rieber, 1891

Basionym

Lobaria polycarpa Hoffm., Deutsch. Fl.: 159 (1796)

Synonyms

Lecanora candelaria var. polycarpa (Hoffm.) Ach., Lich. univ.: 416 (1810)
Lichen polycarpus (Hoffm.) Ehrh., in Acharius (1798)
Lobaria polycarpa Hoffm., 1796
Parmelia polycarpa (Hoffm.) Spreng., 1820
Physcia parietina f. lobulata sensu auct. brit.; fide Checklist of Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland (2010)
Physcia polycarpa (Hoffm.) Linds., 1869
Physcia polycarpa f. lobulata sensu auct. brit.; fide Checklist of Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland (2010)
Placodium polycarpum (Hoffm.) Frege, 1812
Psoroma polycarpum (Hoffm.) Gray, 1821
Squamaria candelaria var. polycarpa (Hoffm.) Hook., in Smith 5: 198 (1844)
Teloschistes polycarpus (Hoffm.) Tuck., 1882
Xanthoria alaskana J.W. Thomson, 1992 (Source: Brodoa et al. 2001, p. 746)
Xanthoria polycarpa (Hoffm.) H. Olivier, 1894
Xanthoria polycarpa f. lobulata sensu auct. brit.; fide Checklist of Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland (2010)
Xanthoria ramulosa (Tuck.) Herre, 1910 (see Lindblom 1997)

References

Primary

Rieber, Jber. vaterl. Kultur Württemberg 47: 252 (1891)

Rieber, X. (1891) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Lichenenflora Württembergs und Hohenzollerns. - Jahresheft des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg [Stuttgart]\Jahresh. Ver. Vaterl. Naturk. Württemberg 47: 246–270. **[Mattick Rec.# 22031] - (Recent Literature on Lichens - Mattick No.)**

Secondary

Brodo, I.M., Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Xanthoria (pp. 742-748) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages. **[RLL List # 184 / Rec.# 22465] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Xanthoria polycarpa: pp. 746-747; distribution map for North America: p. 746; color photo: p. 747, plate 921)
Dobson, F.S. (2000) (Fourth edition) Xanthoria (pp. 410-413) In, Lichens: An illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. The Richmond Publishing Co., Ltd., Slough, England, 431 pp. **[RLL List # 184 / Rec.# 22402] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Description, distribution map, color photo of Xanthoria polycarpa: p. 413)
Herre, A.W.C.T. (1910) The lichen flora of the Santa Cruz Peninsula, California. - Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences\Proc. Washingt. Ac. Sc. 12: 27–269. **[Mattick Rec.# 21371] - (Recent Literature on Lichens - Mattick No.)** (PDF file, 25MB) (Xanthoria ramulosa is a synonym of Xanthoria polycarpa - - Lindblom 1997 & 2004)
Hinds, J.W. and Hinds, P.L. (2007) Xanthoria (Fr.) Th. Fr. (pp. 522-526) In, The Macrolichens of New England. - Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden No. 96. New York Botanical Garden Press, Bronx, New York. 584 pp. **[RLL List # 210 / Rec.# 30032] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Xanthoria polycarpa: pp. 525-526; color photo: p. 525, fig. 343)
Laundon, J.R. (1992) Xanthoria (Fr.) Th. Fr. 1860 (pp. 645-647) In: Purvis, O.W., Coppins, B.J., Hawksworth, D.L., James, P.W. and Moore, D.M. (eds.) The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Natural History Museum Publication, 710 pp. **[RLL List # 151 / Rec.# 15105] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Description of Xanthoria polycarpa: p. 647)
Lindblom, L. (1997) The genus Xanthoria (Fr.) Th.Fr. in North America. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Lab 83: 75-172. (PDF) Reference page. (Illustration of X. polycarpa: p. 119)
Lindblom, L. (2004) Xanthoria (pp. 605-611) In: Nash III, T.H.; Ryan, B.D.; Diederich, P.; Gries, C. and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 2. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 742 pages. **[RLL List # 196 / Rec.# 25978] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Xanthoria polycarpa: pp. 609-610; distribution map for the Sonoran region: p. 610)
St. Clair, L.L. (1999) Xanthoria (Fr.) Th. Fr. (pp. 219-224) In, A color guidebook to common Rocky Mountain lichens. M.L. Bean Life Science Museum of Brigham Young University Publisher, 242 pp. **[RLL List # 180 / Rec.# 214] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Description of Xanthoria polycarpa and color photo: p. 223.)
Thomson, J.W. (1984) Xanthoria (Fr.) Th. Fr. em Arn. (pp. 481-489). In, American Arctic Lichens: 1. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York, 504 pages. **[RLL List # 124-96 / Rec.# 18494] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Xanthoria polycarpa: p. 485; distribution map for the American arctic: p. 487.)
van Herk, K. and Aptroot, A. (2004) Xanthoria (Fr.) Th. Fr. (pp. 394-399) In, Veldgids Korstmossen. Koninkliijke Nederlandse Natuurhistorische Vereniging, 423 pages; in Dutch. **[RLL List # 196 / Rec.# 26085] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Xanthoria polycarpa: p. 398; color photo: 399)
Wirth, V. (1995) Xanthoria (Fr.) Th. Fr. (pp. 971-978) - Teil 2 - In, Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1 & 2. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. 1006 pp.; in German. **[RLL List # 159 / Rec.# 20405] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Xanthoria polycarpa: p. 978; color photo: p. 977)

Links

Links to photos

Stephen Sharnoff's Lichen Photos - Xanthoria polycarpa
Flechtenbilder (Lichen Images) by Ulrich Kirschbaum - Xanthoria polycarpa
The Lichen Herbarium, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway (Photo Gallery) - Xanthoria polycarpa
Lichen Gallery of Leif and Anita Stridvall - Xanthoria polycarpa
Irish lichens (photos and descriptions) - Xanthoria polycarpa
British Lichens - Species Gallery - Xanthoria polycarpa
British Lichens - Species Gallery - Xanthoria polycarpa

Vernacular names

English: Pin-cushion sunburst lichen, Orange wall lichen
Nederlands: Klein dooiermos