Usnea mutabilis

Taxonavigation edit

Taxonavigation: Lecanorales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Fungi Subregnum: Dikarya Divisio: Ascomycota Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina Classis: Lecanoromycetes Subclassis: Lecanoromycetidae Ordo: Lecanorales

Usnea mutabilis Stirt., 1881

Substrate and ecology: On bark, rarely on rock; on Quercus spp. and diverse shrubs.

Stirton, J. (1881) On the genus Usnea and a new genus allied to it. - Scottish Naturalist 6: 100–107. (Mattick Rec.# 30097 - Mattick's Index on Lichens)

Brodo, I.M., Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Usnea (pp. 709-726) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages. (Description of U. mutabilis, and distribution map for North America: p. 723; color photo: p. 723, plate 890)

Clerc, P. (2007) Usnea (pp. 302-335) In: Nash III, T.H., Gries, C., and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 3. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 567 pages. (RLL List # 210 / Rec.# 29910 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (PDF file) (Description of U. mutabilis: pp. 324-325; distribution map for the Sonoran Desert Region: p. 325)

Clerc, P. and Herrera-Campos, M.A. (1997) Saxicolous species of Usnea subgenus Usnea (Lichenized Ascomycetes) in North America. The Bryologist 100(3): 281–301. (RLL List # 168 / Rec.# 3361 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (PDF file) (JSTOR) (Description of U. mutabilis: p. 299)

Hale, M.E. (1979) How to know the Lichens. 2nd edn. Dubuque: W.C. Brown, 246 pages. (Illustration of U. mutabilis: p. 216)

Thomson, J.W. (2003) Usnea (pp.235-241). In, Lichens of Wisconsin. Wisconsin State Herbarium, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 386 pages. (Description of U. mutabilis: p. 239)

English: Bloody beard lichen; Beard lichen