Strychnos spinosa

Strychnos spinosa

Strychnos spinosa

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Gentianales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Loganiaceae
Tribus: Strychneae
Genus: Strychnos
Species: Strychnos spinosa

Name

Strychnos spinosa Lam., 1794

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Brehmia spinosa (Lam.) Harv. in London J. Bot. 1: 26 (1842)
• Heterotypic
  • Strychnos buettneri Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 574 (1893)
  • Strychnos cardiophylla Gilg & Busse in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36: 110 (1905)
  • Strychnos carvalhoi Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 123 (1899)
  • Strychnos courteti A.Chev. in Études Fl. Afr. Centr. Franç. 1: 203 (1913), nom. nud.
  • Strychnos cuneifolia Gilg & Busse in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36: 109 (1905)
  • Strychnos djalonis A.Chev. in Rev. Int. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 27: 358 (1947)
  • Strychnos dulcis A.Chev. in Études Fl. Afr. Centr. Franç. 1: 203 (1913), nom. nud.
  • Strychnos emarginata Baker in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 537 (1903)
  • Strychnos euryphylla Gilg & Busse in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 179 (1902)
  • Strychnos flacurtii Desv. ex Thouars in J. Bot. (Desvaux) 1: 251 (1808)
  • Strychnos gilletii De Wild. in Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., sér. 5, 1: 176 (1904)
  • Strychnos gracillima Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 573 (1893)
  • Strychnos gracillima var. paucispinosa De Wild. in Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., sér. 4, 1: 97 (1903)
  • Strychnos harmsii Gilg & Busse in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36: 109 (1905)
  • Strychnos laxa Soler. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 554 (1893)
  • Strychnos leiosepala Gilg & Busse in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36: 111 (1905)
  • Strychnos lokua A.Rich. in Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 52 (1850)
  • Strychnos madagascariensis Spreng. ex Baker in Fl. Mauritius: 235 (1877), not validly publ.
  • Strychnos megalocarpa Gilg & Busse in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 180 (1902)
  • Strychnos meughe Chiov. in Racc. Bot.: 83 (1935), orth. var.
  • Strychnos miniungansamba Gilg in Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 77 (1895)
  • Strychnos mueghe Chiov. in Racc. Bot.: 83 (1935)
  • Strychnos omphalocarpa Gilg & Busse in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 181 (1902)
  • Strychnos pluvialis A.Chev. in Études Fl. Afr. Centr. Franç. 1: 204 (1913), nom. nud.
  • Strychnos radiosperma Gilg & Busse in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36: 108 (1905)
  • Strychnos rhombifolia Gilg & Busse in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36: 107 (1905)
  • Strychnos sansibariensis Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 124 (1899)
  • Strychnos schweinfurthii Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 568 (1893)
  • Strychnos spinosa subsp. lokua (A.Rich.) Bruce in Kew Bull. 10: 42 (1955)
  • Strychnos spinosa var. pubescens Baker in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(2): 537 (1903)
  • Strychnos spinosa subsp. volkensii (Gilg) E.A.Bruce in Kew Bull. 10: 40 (1955)
  • Strychnos tonga Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 575 (1893)
  • Strychnos unguacha var. retusa Chiov. in Fl. Somala 2: 305 (1932)
  • Strychnos volkensii Gilg ex Engl. in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 25 (1894)
  • Strychnos volkensii Gilg in Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 76 (1895)
  • Strychnos vuntac Bojer in Hortus Maurit.: 205 (1837)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Africa Regional: Western Africa Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo Regional: Central Africa Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Chad, Malawi, Mali, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe Regional: Southtern Africa Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, Northern Provinces, Swaziland Regional: Mascareñas Comoros Regional: Eastern Africa Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda Regional: Western Indian Ocean Madagascar Introduced into: Florida, Mauritius, Réunion, Seychelles References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Lamarck, J.-B. 1794–1819 ["1793"]. Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature. Botanique. Tome second. 551 pp., tt. 112–445. Panckoucke, Paris. BHL Biblioteca Digital Reference page. : 2:38.

Links

• Hassler, M. 2023. Strychnos spinosa. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 August 05. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2023. Strychnos spinosa. Published online. Accessed: August 05 2023.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Strychnos spinosa in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 August 05. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2023. Strychnos spinosa. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 05 August 2023.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Strychnos spinosa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names

Afrikaans: Doringklapper, Bobbejaanklapper, Klapper, Wildekalbasboom · Ndebele: Ihlala, Umhlali, Umkibatshame, Umngono
English: Spiny monkey-orange, Green monkey orange, African orange, Bush orange, Kaffir orange, Sweet monkey orange
português: Massala (Moz)
chiShona: Mutamba
SiSwati: umKwakwa, Mhlola, umHlala
Sesotho: Morapa (N)
Setswana: Nsala
Xitsonga: Nsala
Tshivenda: Muramba, Muramba-khomu
isiZulu: Umhlala, iHlala

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