Solanum bahamense

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Solanales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Solanales

Familia: Solanaceae
Subfamilia: Solanoideae
Tribus: Solaneae
Genus: Solanum
Subgenus: S. subg. Leptostemonum
Section: Solanum sect. Persicariae
Species: Solanum bahamense

Name

Solanum bahamense L. (1753:188)

• Lectotype: s.c. s.n. (LINN 248.42, LINN; BH neg. 6822)
  • Designated by Knapp & Jarvis (1990:328)
• Type location: "Ins. Providentia" (i.e. ).

Synonyms

(After Strickland-Constable & al., 2010, with numerous bibliographic corrections. This exclude a number of synonyms, such as Solanum lanceifolium Salisb., which were never validly published.)

Heterotypic

• Solanum racemosum Jacq. (1760:15)
  • Neotype: Jacquin, 1763, Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist.:t. 36.
    • Designated by Howard (1989:293).
  • Type location: "Martinique".
• Solanum igneum L. (1762:270)
• Solanum racemosum var. igneum (L.) O.E.Schulz (1909:225)
  • Lectotype: Plukenet, 1692, Phytographia:t. 225, f. 5.
    • Designated by Howard (1989:293).
• Solanum fruticosum Mill. (1768:no. 18 s.v. "Solanum")
  • Lectotype: W. Houstoun s.n. (BM000815974, BM; BH neg. 5109)
    • Designated by Knapp (2009:69)
  • Type location: "Jamaica".
• Solanum varginstonicum Buc'hoz (1784:48)
  • Lectotype: Buc'hoz, 1784, Pl. Nouv. Découv.:t. 46.
  • Type location: Cultivated in Paris.
• Solanum igneum var. parvifolium Vahl (1797:23)
• Solanum persicifolium var. parvifolium (Vahl) O.E.Schulz (1909:227)
  • Holotype: D. West s.n. (C, BM; Morton neg. 8431)
  • Isotype: G-DC
  • Type location: "St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands".
• Solanum subarmatum Willd. (1809:240)
• Solanum bahamense var. subarmatum (Vahl) O.E.Schulz (1909:222)
  • Holotype: s.c. s.n. (B-W4414, B-W)
  • Type location: "Cultivated at Berlin, of unstated origin, but apparently thought to be from Bahamas 'Insula Providentia'" (Strickland-Constable & al., 2010:219).
• Solanum persicifolium Dunal (1813:185; "persicaefolium")
  • Lectotype: Plumier, 1760, Pl. Amer. 10:t. 244, f. 2.
    • Designated by Knapp (2009:69)
• Solanum anacanthum Dunal (1852:183)
  • Holotype: J. Pavón s.n. (G; F neg. 34108)
  • Isotype: MA (MA-604598)
    • This is a Sessé & Mociño specimen distributed by Pavón (see Knapp, 2008:8 and Strickland-Constable & al., 2010:222)
  • Type locality: "Mexico" (should be "West Indies")
• Solanum igneum var. inerme Dunal (1852:184)
  • Lectotype: H. Wydler 90 (G-DC; IDC microfiche 800-61.2077.III.8)
  • Type location: "Cultivated, originally from St. Thomas, 1827".
    • Designated by Knapp (2009:69)
• Solanum persicifolium var. angustifolium Dunal (1852:185)
  • Holotype: C. Bertero s.n. (G-DC; F neg. 33949, IDC microfiche 800-61.2077.1.2)
  • Isotype: AV
  • Type location: "Puerto Rico, St. Thomas", 1820.
• Solanum bahamense var. lanceolatum Griseb. (1861:440)
  • Lectotype: Sloane, 1707, Voy. Jamaica 1:t. 145, fig. 3.
  • Epitype: BM000589942 (BM-SL)
    • Both designated by Knapp (2009:69)
• Solanum persicifolium var. belloi O.E.Schulz (1909:227)
  • Holotype: A.A. Heller 4605 (F-80757; F)
  • Isotypes: MO, NY (NY00144404), P (P00368434])
    • Designated by Knapp (2009:69)
  • Type location: Puerto Rico, along seashore near Fajardo, 17 Feb 1900.
• Solanum bahamense var. luxurians D'Arcy (1974:838)
  • Holotype: W.G. D'Arcy 2234 (FLAS)
  • Isotypes: MO (M01963193])
  • Type location: United States, Florida: Monroe Co, Key Largo, 21 Oct 1967.
• Solanum bahamense var. rugelii D'Arcy (1974:839)
  • Holotype: F. Rugel s.n. (MO)
  • Type location: United States, Florida: Monroe Co, Key West.

Excluded name

• Solanum bahamense var. inerme (1852:186)
  • This name cites Solanum donianum, from a manuscript, but the name was subsequenty (1844) published, and Dunal's name should probably be considered homotypic with it on that basis. (Strickland-Constable & al., 2010:221)

References

• Howard, R.A. (1989) "Solanaceae". Flora of the Lesser Antilles: Leeward and Windward Islands, vol. 6: Dycotyledonae, Part 3. Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts: Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University. Pp. 264–297.
• Buc'hoz, P.J. (1779-1784) Plantes nouvellement découvertes, récemment dénommées et classées. Paris: Debure.
• D’Arcy, W.G. (1974) Solanum and its close relatives in Florida. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 61(3): 819–867. BHL. DOI: 10.2307/2395032. JSTOR.
• Dunal, M.F. (1813) Histoire naturelle, médicale et économique des Solanum et des genres qui ont été confondus avec eux. III+248pp. Renaud, Montpellier. Gbooks.Reference page. 
• Dunal, M.F. 1852. Solanaceae. In Candolle, A.L.P.P. de (ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13(1): 1–690. V. Masson, Paris. BHL. Reference page. 
• Grisebach, A.H.R. 1859–1864. Flora of the British West Indian Islands. XVI+789 pp. Lovell, Reeve & Co., London. BHL Reference page. 
• Jacquin, N.J. 1760. Enumeratio systematica plantarum, quas in Insulis Caribaeis vicinaque Americes continente detexit novas, aut iam cognitas emendavit. 41 pp. Apud Theodorum Haak, Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]. BHL Reference page. 
• Knapp, S. (2008) Typification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species described by Sessé and Mociño. Anales J. Bot. Madrid 65:7–23. DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2008.v65.i1.243.
• Knapp, S. (2009) "Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies." Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid. 66(1):64–85. DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209.
• Knapp, S. & Jarvis, C.E. 1990. The typification of the names of New World Solanum species described by Linnaeus. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 104(4): 325–367. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1990.tb02227.x . Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Tomus I. Pp. [I–XII], 1–560. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm]. BHL Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1762. Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Tomus I, Ed. 2. Pp. [I–XVI], 1–784. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm]. BHL Reference page. 
• Miller, P. 1768. The Gardeners Dictionary: containing the best and newest methods of cultivating and improving the kitchen, fruit, flower garden, and nursery. Ed. 8, 3 volumes (without pagination), John & Francis Rivington, London. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.541 Reference page. 
• Schulz, O.E. "Solanacearum genera nonnulla " in Urban, I. (ed.) (1909–1910) Symbolae Antillanae, seu, Fundamenta florae Indiae Occidentalis. 6:140-279 Fratres Borntraeger, Lipsiae [Leipzig].
• Strickland-Constable, R., Schneider, H., Ansell, S., Russell, S., & Knapp, S. (2010). Species Identity in the Solanum bahamense Species Group (Solanaceae, Solanum Subgenus Leptostemonum). Taxon, 59(1), 209-226. DOI: 10.2307/27757064. JSTOR.
• Vahl, M. 1797. Eclogae americanae seu descriptiones plantarum praesertim Americae meridionalis, nondum cognitarum. Fasc. 1. 52 pp., tt. I-X. Nicolaus Möller & fil., Hauniae [Copenhagen]. Biblioteca Digital BHL Reference page. 
• Willdenow, C.L. 1809. Enumeratio plantarum horti regii botanici berolinensis, continens descriptiones omnium vegetabilium in horto dicto cultorum. VI + 1099 pp. In taberna Libraria Scholae realis, Berolini [Berlin]. BHL Biblioteca Digital Reference page. 

External links

• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Solanum bahamense in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 10-Aug-19.

Vernacular names

(Knapp & al., 2010)

English: Conker Berry, Canker Berry, Conka Berry, Tonca Berry, Turkey Berry, Bitter Berry, Wild Tamarind, Bahama Nightshade
español: Berenjena de Playa, Rubia
français: Picamer Feuille

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