Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium

Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Gentianales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Rubiaceae
Subfamilia: Rubioideae
Tribus: Rubieae
Genus: Galium
Species: Galium hypocarpium
Subspecies: Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium

Name

Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium, autonym

Synonymy

• Heterotypic
  • Rubia chilensis Molina, Sag. Stor. Nat. Chili: 141(–142). 1782. (as Rubia Chilensis)
  • Galium ovale Ruiz & Pav., Fl. Peruv. 1: 59. 1798.
  • Galium croceum Ruiz & Pav., Fl. Peruv. 1: 59(–60). 1798.
  • Rubia chilensis Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 1(2): 604. 1798, nom. illeg.
  • Rubia incana Kunth in Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 3(12): 338(–339). 1818 [1819]. – Nov. Gen. Sp. (folio ed.) 3(12): 264(–265). 1818 [1819].
  • Rubia orinocensis Kunth in Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 3(12): 339. 1818 [1819]. – Nov. Gen. Sp. (folio ed.) 3(12): 265. 1818 [1819].
  • Rubia nitida Kunth in Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 3(12): 339(–340), t. 280. 1818 [1819]. – Nov. Gen. Sp. (folio ed.) 3(12): 265, t. 280. 1818 [1819].
  • Rubia hispida Willd. ex Spreng., Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 397. 1825 [1824], nom. inval. pro syn.
  • Galium orinocense (Kunth) Spreng., Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 397. 1825 [1824], nom. inval. pro syn.
  • Rubia relbun Cham. & Schltdl., Linnaea 3(3): 229. 1828. (as Rubia Relbun)
  • Rubia indecora Cham. & Schltdl., Linnaea 3(3): 229(–230). 1828.
  • Galium fluminense Vell., Fl. Flumin.: 43. 1825 [1829]. – Fl. Flumin. Icon. 1: t. 110. 1827 [1831].
  • Rubia ramosissima Pohl ex DC., Prodr. 4: 591. 1830.
  • Rubia ovalis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Prodr. 4: 591. 1830.
  • Rubia crocea (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Prodr. 4: 591. 1830.
  • Galium pauciflorum Willd. ex DC., Prodr. 4: 592. 1830, nom. inval. pro syn.
  • Rubia affinis Gardner, London J. Bot. 4: 111. 1845.
  • Rubia rupestris Gardner, London J. Bot. 4: 111(–112). 1845.
  • Rubia glabra Gardner, London J. Bot. 4: 112. 1845.
  • Galium rupestre (Gardner) Walp., Repert. Bot. Syst. 6(1): 17. 1846, nom. illeg. hom. – non Galium rupestre Vis., Flora 12(1, Ergänzungsbl.): 5. 1829. – nec Galium rupestre DC., Prodr. 4: 603. 1830, nom. illeg. hom.
  • Galium relbun (Cham. & Schltdl.) Clos in Gay, Fl. Chil. 3(2): 186(–187). 1848.
  • Relbunium hypocarpium var. relbun (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 6(6): 113(–114). 1888. (as Var. α. Relbun)
  • Relbunium hypocarpium var. indecorum (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 6(6): 113(–114). 1888.
  • Relbunium ovale (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 6(6): 115. 1888.
  • Relbunium croceum (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 6(6): 116. 1888.
  • Relbunium relbun (Cham. & Schltdl.) Herter, Revista Sudamer. Bot. 7: 231. 1943.
  • Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. nitidum (Kunth) Ehrend., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76(4): 536. 1955.
  • Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. fluminense (Vell.) Ehrend., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76(4): 537. 1955.
  • Relbunium indecorum (Cham. & Schltdl.) Ehrend., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76(4): 540. 1955.
  • Galium hypocarpium subsp. indecorum (Cham. & Schltdl.) Dempster, Allertonia 5(3): 317(–318), fig 17d. 1990.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Northern America Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest. Southern America Central America Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Caribbean Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica. Northern South America Guyana, Venezuela. Western South America Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. Brazil Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central. Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Paraguay, Uruguay. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• De Candolle, A.P. 1830. Ordo XCVIII. Rubiaceae. Pp. 341–622, 672–673 in Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive enumeratio contracta ordinum, generum, specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarum, juxta methodi naturalis normas digesta, Pars 4, Sistens Calyciflorarum ordines X. Treuttel et Würtz, Parisiis [Paris]. BHL Reference page. 
• Dempster, L.T. 1990. The genus Galium (Rubiaceae) in South America. IV. Allertonia 5: 283–345. JSTOR Reference page. 
• Kunth, C.S. 1819–1820. Rubiaceae. Juss. Pp. 335–423, tt. 277–294 in Humboldt, A., Bonpland, A. & Kunth, C.S., Nova genera et species plantarum, quas in peregrinatione ad plagam aequinoctialem orbis novi collegerunt, descripserunt, partim adumbraverunt Amat. Bonpland et Alex. de Humboldt, Tomus 3 (quarto ed.). Sumtibus Librariae Graeco-Latino-Germanicae, Lutetiae Parisiorum [Paris]. BHL Reference page. 
• Kunth, C.S. 1819–1820. Rubiaceae. Juss. Pp. 262–330, tt. 277–294 in Humboldt, A., Bonpland, A. & Kunth, C.S., Nova genera et species plantarum, quas in peregrinatione orbis novi collegerunt, descripserunt, partim adumbraverunt Amat. Bonpland et Alex. de Humboldt, Tomus 3 (folio ed.). Sumtibus Librariae Graeco-Latino-Germanicae, Lutetiae Parisiorum [Paris]. e-rara.ch Reference page. 
• Ruiz, H. & Pavon, J. 1798. Flora Peruviana, et Chilensis, sive Descriptiones, et icones plantarum Peruvianarum, et Chilensium, secundum systema Linnaeanum digestae, cum characteribus plurium generum evulgatorum reformatis. Tomus I. VI + 78 pp., tt. 1–106. Typis Gabrielis de Sancha, Madrid. Biblioteca Digital BHL Reference page. 
• Vellozo, J.M.C. (†). 1829 ["1825"]. Florae Fluminensis, seu descriptionum plantarum praefectura fluminensi sponte nascentium liber primus ad systema sexuale concinnatus ... 352 pp. Flumine Januario [Rio de Janeiro]. BHL Reference page. 

Additional references

• Taylor, C.M. & Lorence, D.H. 2014. Galium. Pp. 553–556 in Taylor, C.M., Rubiaceae. In Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.), Manual de plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. VII, Dicotiledóneas (Picramniaceae–Rutaceae). Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. ISBN 978-1-930723-56-6. Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2018 08 27. Reference page. 
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium.

• Tropicos.org 2018. Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 23 June 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador: Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 23 June 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Peru Checklist: Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 23 June 2018.
• Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium in Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Accessed: 23 June 2018.