Nephroma bellum

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Peltigerineae
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Fungi Subregnum: Dikarya Divisio: Ascomycota Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina Classis: Lecanoromycetes Subclassis: Lecanoromycetidae Ordo: Peltigerales Subordo: Peltigerineae

Familia: Peltigeraceae
Subfamilia: Nephromatoideae
Genus: Nephroma
Species: Nephroma bellum

Name

Nephroma bellum (Sprengel) Tuck., 1841

Habitat and ecology (for Sonoran region): On rocks and tree trunks in moist canyons at mid- to high elevations, most common in spruce-fir regions

World distribution: Africa and Northern Hemisphere, where it occurs in subarctic, boreal and north temperate regions and extends south along the mountain chains

Basionym

• Peltigera bella Spreng., 1827

References

Primary references

• Tuck., Boston J. Nat. Hist. 3: 293 (1841)

• Tuckerman, E. (1841) Further notices of some New England lichenes. - Boston Journ. Nat. Hist. 3: 438–464.   **[Mattick Rec.# 30369] - (Recent Literature on Lichens - Mattick No.)**

References

• Brodo, I.M.; Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Nephroma (pp. 451-457) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages.   **[RLL List # 184 / Rec.# 22465] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (The Book) (Discussion of Nephroma bellum and distribution map for North America: p. 452; color photo: p. 453, plate 524)

• Hinds, J.W. and Hinds, P.L. (2007) Nephroma Ach, 1810 (pp. 325-330) In, The Macrolichens of New England. - Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden No. 96. New York Botanical Garden Press, Bronx, New York. 584 pp.   **[RLL List # 210 / Rec.# 30032] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Nephroma bellum: p. 327; color photo: p. 327, fig. 189)

• McCune, B. and Geiser, L. (2009) Nephroma (pp. 207-213) Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest. (Second Edition) Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, 464 pp.   **[RLL List # 216 / Rec.# 31233] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Nephroma bellum and color photo: p. 208)

• Thomson, J.W. (1984) Nephroma Ach., (pp. 275-284). In, American Arctic Lichens: 1. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York, 504 pages.   **[RLL List # 124-96 / Rec.# 18494] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Nephroma bellum: p. 276; drawing and distribution map for the American arctic: p. 278)

• Wetmore, C.M. and Nash III, T.H. (2002) Nephroma (pp. 296-298) In: Nash III, T.H.; Ryan, B.D.; Gries, C. and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 1. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 532 pages.   **[RLL List # 187 / Rec.# 23085] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Nephroma bellum: pp. 296-297; distribution map for the Sonoran region: p. 297)

• Wirth, V. (1995) Nephroma Ach. (pp. 605-609) - Teil 2 - In, Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1 & 2. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. 1006 pp.; in German.   **[RLL List # 159 / Rec.# 20405] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)**(Discussion of Nephroma bellum: p. 606)

Links

• LIAS

• USDA Plants Database

• Checklist to Norwegian lichens (Mar 2011)

• Checklist of Japanese Lichens

• North American Lichen Checklist, Version (#16) 18 June 2010.

• Index Fungorum

• MycoBank

Links to photos

• Stephen Sharnoff's Lichen photos - Nephroma bellum

• The Lichen Herbarium, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway (Photo Gallery) - Nephroma bellum

• Lichen Gallery of Leif & Anita Stridvall - Nephroma bellum

Vernacular names

English: Naked kidney lichen,   Kidney lichen