Milicia excelsa

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Rosales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Rosales

Familia: Moraceae
Tribus: Moreae
Genus: Milicia
Species: Milicia excelsa

Name

Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C.Berg, Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 52: 227 (1982)

Synonymy

Basionym
- Morus excelsa Welw., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 27: 69 (1869)
  - Typus: F. Welwitsch 1559 (Holotypus: LISU(-LISU224227, -LISU224228, -LISU224229, -LISU224230); ⧼isotypi⧽: B, BM, G-G00008690, K-K000049686, MEL-MEL2413560, P).
  - Type locality: Angola. [Cuanza Norte:] Distr. Golungo Alto.
Homotypic
- Maclura excelsa (Welw.) Bureau in A.de Candolle, Prodr. 17: 231 (1873); as M.? excelsa
- Chlorophora excelsa (Welw.) Benth. & Hook.f., Gen. Pl. 3: 363 (1880)
Heterotypic
- Chlorophora tenuifolia Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 139 (1894); not accepted by Rendle (1916: 23) and Berg (1982, 1991) [cited as Milicia excelsa]
  - Typus: Quintas 154 (in flower, February 1888; holotypus: COI; isotypus: LISU).
  - Type locality: [São Tomé and Príncipe.] Insel. St. Thomé[São Tomé].
- Milicia africa Sim, Forest Fl. Port. E. Afr.: 97 (1909); not accepted by Rendle (1916: 23) [cited as Chlorophora excelsa], Berg (1982) and Berg & Hijman (1989) [cited as Milicia excelsa]
  - Typus: Sim 5386 (not seen by Berg 1985 nor Berg & Hijman 1989: 6).
  - Type locality: Mozambique.
- Chlorophora alba A.Chev., Mém. Soc. Bot. France 8: 209 (1912); not accepted by Rendle (1916: 23), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954–1958) [cited as Chlorophora excelsa] and Berg (1982) [cited as Milicia excelsa]
  - Typus: A.J.B. Chevalier 24236 (25 June 1910; P-MNHN-P-P00376591; isotypus: K-K000243085).
  - Type locality: Haut-Dahomey[Benin]. Kouandé.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Africa
- Regional: West Tropical Africa
  - Benin, Burkina (fide Hassler and POWO), The Gambia (fide POWO), Ghana, Guinea (fide Hassler and POWO), Guinea-Bissau (fide Hassler and POWO), Ivory Coast, Liberia (fide POWO), Nigeria, Sierra Leone (fide Hassler and IUCN), Togo
- Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
  - Burundi (fide IUCN and POWO), Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Is. (Bioko, São Tomé), Rwanda (fide IUCN), Zaïre
- Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Ethiopia, Sudan
- Regional: East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
- Regional: South Tropical Africa
  - Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia (fide Hassler), Zimbabwe

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Welwitsch, F. 1869. Sertum Angolense, sive Stirpium quarundam novarum vel minus cognitarum in itinere per Angolam et Benguelam observatarum Descripto Iconibus illustrata. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 27: 1-94. BHL Reference page.
Berg, C.C. 1982. The reinstatement of the genus Milicia Sim (Moraceae). Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 52: 225–229. DOI: 10.2307/3668057 Reference page.

Additional references

Bentham, G. & Hooker, J.D. 1880. Genera Plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in herbariis Kewensibus servata definita. Vol. 3, pars 1, sistens Dicotyledonum Monochlamydearum ordines XXXVI (Nyctagnieas – Ceratophylleas) et Gymnospermearum ordines III (Gnetaceas – Cycadaceas). A. Black, 459 pp. Londini [London]. BHL Reference page.
Engler, A. 1894. Moraceae africanae. I. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 20: 139–150. BHL Reference page.
Chevalier, A. 1912. Urticaceæ in Novitates floræ africanæ. Plantes nouvelles de l’Afrique tropicale française décrites d’après les collections de M. Aug. Chevalier. Mémoires de la Société Botanique de France 8: 207–211. DOI: 10.1080/00378941.1907.10833386. Reference page.
Hutchinson, J. & Rendle, A.B. 1916–1917. Order CXXIIIc. Moraceæ. In: Flora of Tropical Africa. Vol. 6 sec.2. Ulmaceae to Cycadaceae, pp. 17–240. L. Reeve & Co. Ltd. BHL Reference page.
Berg, C.C. in Flore du Cameroun 28: 9. (1985) Google Books.
Berg, C.C. & Hijman, M.E.E. 1989. Flora of Tropical East Africa, Moraceae. 95 pp. A.A. Balkema/Rotterdam/Brookfield. ISBN 90 6191 350 0 Google Books. Reference page.
Berg, C.C. 1991. Moraceae. In: Launert, E. & Pope, G.V. (eds.), Flora Zambesiaca 9(6), pp. 13–76. Flora Zambesiaca Managing Committee, London, United Kingdom. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Milicia excelsa in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 October 25. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. Milicia excelsa. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 October 25. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Milicia excelsa. Published online. Accessed: 25 October 2021.
IUCN: Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C.Berg (Near Threatened)
Tropicos.org 2021. Milicia excelsa. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 26 October 2021.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Milicia excelsa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 25 October 2021.

Vernacular names

ak: Odum
English: African Teak
suomi: Afrikaniroko, fustikki
日本語: イロコ
Kongo: Nkamba
Luganda: Muvule
Kiswahili: Mvule
Yorùbá: Ìrókò