Megathyrsus maximus

Megathyrsus maximus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Poales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Panicoideae
Tribus: Paniceae
Subtribus: Melinidinae
Genus: Megathyrsus
Species: Megathyrsus maximus

Name

Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K.Simon & S.W.L.Jacobs, Austrobaileya 6: 572 (2003)

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Panicum maximum Jacq., Icon. Pl. Rar. 1: t. 13 (1781)
  • Urochloa maxima (Jacq.) R.D.Webster, Austral. Paniceae: 241 (1987)
• Heterotypic
  • Megathyrsus bivonanus (Brullo, Miniss., Scelsi & Spamp.) Verloove, Willdenowia 35: 63 (2005)
  • Megathyrsus maximus var. coloratus (C.T.White) B.K.Simon & S.W.L.Jacobs, Austrobaileya 6: 573 (2003)
  • Megathyrsus maximus var. pubiglumis (K.Schum.) B.K.Simon & S.W.L.Jacobs, Austrobaileya 6: 572 (2003)
  • Milium arundinaceum J.Koenig ex Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 70 (1853), pro syn.
  • Panicum airoides Flüggé ex Nees, C.F.P.von Martius, Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 175 (1829), pro syn.
  • Panicum bivonianum Brullo, Miniss., Scelsi & Spamp., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 129: 173 (1995)
  • Panicum compressum Biv., Stirp. Rar. Sicilia 4: 6 (1818), nom. illeg.
  • Panicum confine Hochst. ex A.Rich., Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 373 (1850), pro syn.
  • Panicum eburneum Trin., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(2): 268 (1834)
  • Panicum giganteum Mez, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 143 (1904), nom. illeg.
  • Panicum heynei Roth, J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 2: 458 (1817)
  • Panicum hirsutissimum Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 72 (1853)
  • Panicum jumentorum Pers., Syn. Pl. 1: 83 (1805)
  • Panicum laeve Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 1: 172 (1791)
  • Panicum mahafalense A.Camus, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 72: 620 (1925)
  • Panicum mananarense A.Camus, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 15: 412 (1959)
  • Panicum maximum var. altissimum Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 362 (1898)
  • Panicum maximum var. coloratum C.T.White, Queensland Agric. J. 49: 112 (1938)
  • Panicum maximum var. commune Nees, Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill.: 36 (1841)
  • Panicum maximum subsp. commune (Nees) Peter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40(1): 184 (1930)
  • Panicum maximum var. confine Chiov., Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 33 (1903 publ. 1902)
  • Panicum maximum var. effusum A.Camus, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 15: 413 (1959)
  • Panicum maximum var. glaucum Nees, Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill.: 36 (1841)
  • Panicum maximum var. heterotrichum Peter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40(1 Anh.): 42 (1930)
  • Panicum maximum var. hirsutissimum (Steud.) Oliv., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 29: 171 (1875)
  • Panicum maximum var. hirsutum Peter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40(1 Anh.): 42 (1930)
  • Panicum maximum var. laeve Nees, Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill.: 36 (1841)
  • Panicum maximum var. obtusissimum A.Chev., Sudania 1: 163 (1911), nom. nud.
  • Panicum maximum subsp. pubescens M.Sharma, J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 7: 106 (1985)
  • Panicum maximum var. pubiglume K.Schum., H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 85 (1895)
  • Panicum maximum var. trichoglume Robyns, Mém. Inst. Roy. Colon. Belge, Sect. Sci. Nat. (8vo), reimpr. 1: 31 (1932)
  • Panicum pamplemoussense Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 71 (1853)
  • Panicum poiforme Willd. ex Spreng., Syst. Veg., 1: 318 (1824), nom. illeg.
  • Panicum polygamum Sw., Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ.: 24 (1788), nom. illeg.
  • Panicum praelongum Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 73 (1853)
  • Panicum praticola Salzm. ex Döll, C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 2(1): 203 (1877), pro syn.
  • Panicum scaberrimum Lag., Gen. Sp. Pl.: 2 (1816)
  • Panicum sparsum Schumach., Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 64 (1827)
  • Panicum teff Desv., Mém. Soc. Agric. Angers 1: 201 (1831)
  • Panicum tephrosanthum Hack., Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 1: 766 (1901)
  • Panicum trichocondylum Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 74 (1853)
  • Panicum trichoglume K.Schum., Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 38 (1894), nom. nud.
  • Urochloa maxima var. trichoglumis (Robyns) R.D.Webster, Austral. Paniceae: 242 (1987)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Africa & Arabia Aldabra, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Free State, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Mozambique Channel I, Namibia, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Oman, Rodrigues, Rwanda, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Socotra, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe Introduced into: Alabama, Andaman Is., Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Ascension, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil North, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, California, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Central American Pac, Chagos Archipelago, China Southeast, Colombia, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Himalaya, Easter Is., Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Florida, French Guiana, Galápagos, Georgia, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Line Is., Louisiana, Madeira, Malaya, Mali, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mauritania, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Myanmar, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, New Zealand North, Nicaragua, Niue, Norfolk Is., Northern Territory, Oklahoma, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Queensland, Samoa, Sicilia, Society Is., Solomon Is., South Australia, Southwest Caribbean, Spain, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Taiwan, Texas, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Turks-Caicos Is., Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Victoria, Vietnam, Western Australia, Windward Is. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Simon, B.K. & Jacobs, S.W.L. 2003. Austrobaileya 6(3): 572.

Additional references

• Muer, T., Sauerbier, H. & Cabrara Calixto, F. (2020). Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras: 1-792. Verlag und Versandbuchhandlung Andreas Kleinsteuber.

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Megathyrsus maximus in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Sept. 2. Reference page. 
• Simon, B.K., Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T., Vorontsova, M., Brake, I., Healy, D. & Alfonso, Y. 2013. GrassWorld, Megathyrsus maximus. Published online. Accessed: 2013 Dec. 2.
• Tropicos.org 2013. Megathyrsus maximus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 2 Dec. 2013.
• International Plant Names Index. 2013. Megathyrsus maximus. Published online. Accessed: 2 Dec. 2013.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Megathyrsus maximus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names

suomi: Guineanhirssi
中文: 大黍属

For more multimedia, look at Megathyrsus maximus on Wikimedia Commons.