Cnidoscolus urens

Cnidoscolus urens

Cnidoscolus urens

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Malpighiales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Malpighiales

Familia: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamilia: Crotonoideae
Tribus: Manihoteae
Genus: Cnidoscolus
Species: Cnidoscolus urens

Name

Cnidoscolus urens (L.) Arthur, Torreya 21(1): 11. 1921.

Synonymy

• Basionym
  • Jatropha urens L., Sp. Pl.: 1007 (1753).
• Homotypic
  • Manihot urens (L.) Crantz, Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 167 (1766).
  • Janipha urens (L.) Poir. ex Pohl, Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 63 (1827).
  • Jatropha urens var. genuina Müll.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1100 (1866), not validly publ.
  • Bivonea urens (L.) Arthur, Torreya 22: 30 (1922).
• Heterotypic
  • Jatropha herbacea L., Sp. Pl.: 1007 (1753).
  • Manihot herbacea (L.) Crantz, Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 167 (1766).
  • Jussieuia herbacea Houst., Reliq. Houstoun.: 6 (1781).
  • Cnidoscolus marcgravii Pohl, Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 58 (1827).
  • Cnidoscolus neglectus Pohl, Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 60 (1827).
  • Cnidoscolus osteocarpus Pohl, Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 63 (1827).
  • Jatropha neglecta (Pohl) Houst. ex Baill., Étude Euphorb.: 304 (1858).
  • Jatropha tubulosa var. triloba Müll.Arg., Linnaea 34: 212 (1865).
  • Jatropha urens var. herbacea (L.) Müll.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1101 (1866).
  • Jatropha urens var. marcgravii (Pohl) Müll.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1101 (1866).
  • Jatropha urens f. osteocarpa (Pohl) Müll.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1101 (1866).
  • Jatropha urens var. brachyloba Müll.Arg. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 11(2): 500 (1874).
  • Jatropha urens var. neglecta (Pohl) Müll.Arg. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 11(2): 501 (1874).
  • Jatropha urens var. osteocarpa (Pohl) Müll.Arg. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 11(2): 500 (1874).
  • Cnidoscolus vitifolius var. repandus Griseb., Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 53 (1879).
  • Cnidoscolus mexicanus Klotzsch ex Pax in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 147, I: 98 (1910).
  • Jatropha loefgrenii Pax & K.Hoffm. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 147, I: 107 (1910).
  • Jatropha osteocarpa Schott ex Pax in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 147, I: 98 (1910), pro syn.
  • Jatropha vitifolia var. repanda (Griseb.) Pax in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 147, I: 88 (1910).
  • Jatropha adenophila Pax & K.Hoffm. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 147, VII: 400 (1914).
  • Cnidoscolus herbaceus (L.) I.M.Johnst., Contr. Gray Herb. 68: 86 (1923).
  • Cnidoscolus adenophilus (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Pax & K.Hoffm. in H.G.A.Engler, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 19c: 166 (1931).
  • Cnidoscolus loefgrenii (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Pax & K.Hoffm. in H.G.A.Engler, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 19c: 166 (1931).
  • Cnidoscolus tubulosus var. trilobus (Müll.Arg.) Lourteig & O'Donell, Lilloa 9: 113 (1943).
  • Cnidoscolus urens var. neglectus (Pohl) Lourteig, Ark. Bot., a.s., 3: 85 (1955).
  • Cnidoscolus urens subsp. adenophilus (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Breckon, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 1114 (1988).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Northern America Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest. Southern America Central America Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Caribbean Aruba, Cuba, Leeward Is., Netherlands Antilles, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is. Northern South America French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela. Western South America Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. Brazil Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central. Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Paraguay. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Arthur, J.C. 1921. New combinations for phanerogamic names. Torreya 21(1): 11–12. JSTOR BHL Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Tomus II. Pp. 561–1200, [1–30, index], [1, err.]. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm]. BHL Reference page. 

Additional references

• Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. 2012. Euphorbiaceae. In Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 315–347. DOI: 10.5479/si.0081024X.98.1 BHL Reference page. 
• González, J. 2010. Euphorbiaceae. Pp. 290–394 in Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.), Manual de plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. V, Dicotiledóneas (Clusiaceae–Gunneraceae). Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. ISBN 978-1-935641-01-8. Reference page. 
• Maya-Lastra, C.A. & Steinmann, V.W. 2018. A nomenclator of Cnidoscolus (Euphorbiaceae). Phytotaxa 346: 1–30. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.1.1 Reference page. 
• Villaseñor, J.L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559–902. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2016.06.017 Online PDF Reference page. 
• Webster, G.L. 1999. Cnidoscolus. Pp. 107–108 in Webster, G.L., Berry, P.E., Armbruster, W.S., Esser, H.-J., Gillespie, L.J., Hayden, W.J., Levin, G.A., Secco, R.S. & Heald, S.V., Euphorbiaceae. In Steyermark, J.A. (†), Berry, P.E., Yatskievych, K. & Holst, B.K. (eds.), Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 5, Eriocaulaceae–Lentibulariaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. ISBN 0-915279-71-1. Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Cnidoscolus urens in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Jun 17. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2018. Cnidoscolus urens. Published online. Accessed: 20 April 2018.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Cnidoscolus urens.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Cnidoscolus urens in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2018-04-20.
• Hassler, M. 2018. Cnidoscolus urens. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2018 June 22. Reference page. 

• Tropicos.org 2018. Cnidoscolus urens. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 20 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Flora Mesoamericana: Cnidoscolus urens. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 20 April 2018.
• Cnidoscolus urens in Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. Accessed: 20 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of the Department of Antioquia (Colombia): Cnidoscolus urens. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 20 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador: Cnidoscolus urens. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 20 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Peru Checklist: Cnidoscolus urens. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 20 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Bolivia Catalogue: Cnidoscolus urens. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 20 April 2018.
• Cnidoscolus urens in Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Accessed: 20 April 2018.
• Cnidoscolus urens in Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Conosur. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Accessed: 22 April 2018.

Vernacular names

English: finger rot
français: Épurge urticante
中文: 牛蕁麻

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