Wikispecies

Ichnocarpus frutescens

Ichnocarpus frutescens

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Gentianales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Apocynaceae
Subfamilia: Apocynoideae
Tribus: Apocyneae
Subtribus: Ichnocarpinae
Genus: Ichnocarpus
Species: Ichnocarpus frutescens

Name

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Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) W.T.Aiton, 1811

Synonyms

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  • Basionym
    • Apocynum frutescens L., Sp. Pl.: 213 (1753)
  • Homotypic.
    • Quirivelia zeylanica Poir. in J.B.A.P.M.de Lamarck, Encycl. 6: 42 (1804), nom. superfl.
    • Echites frutescens (L.) Roxb., Hort. Bengal.: 20 (1814).
    • Quirivelia frutescens (L.) M.R.Almeida & S.M.Almeida, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 90: 427 (1993 publ (1994)).
  • Heterotypic
    • Echites malabaricus Lam., Encycl. 2: 342 (1786), nom. superfl.
    • Gardenia volubilis Lour., Fl. Cochinch.: 148 (1790).
    • Apocynum crassifolium Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 149 (1796).
    • Tabernaemontana parviflora Poir. in J.B.A.P.M.de Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 5: 276 (1817).
    • Periploca palvallii Dennst., Schlüssel Hortus Malab.: 35 (1818).
    • Echites affinis Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 4: 393 (1819).
    • Echites ferrugineus Thunb., Echites: 5 (1819).
    • Echites caryophyllatus Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp.: 133 (1821), nom. illeg.
    • Echites bantamensis Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 1041 (1826).
    • Aganosma affinis (Roem. & Schult.) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 77 (1837).
    • Chonemorpha bantamensis G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 76 (1837).
    • Chonemorpha malabarica G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 76 (1837), nom. superfl.
    • Echites caudatus Blanco, Fl. Filip.: 106 (1837), nom. illeg.
    • Echites trichonemus Zipp. ex Span., Linnaea 15: 324 (1841).
    • Ichnocarpus ovatifolius A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 435 (1844).
    • Ichnocarpus bantamensis (Blume) Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 449 (1857).
    • Ichnocarpus dasycalyx Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 449 (1857).
    • Ichnocarpus moluccanus Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 448 (1857).
    • Gardenia sinensis Lour. ex B.A.Gomes, Mem. Acad. Real Sci. Lisboa, 2 Cl. Sci. Moraes 4: 28 (1868), nom. illeg.
    • Ichnocarpus leptodictyus F.Muell., Fragm. 6: 118 (1868).
    • Springia indica Van Heurck & Müll.Arg., Observ. Bot. Descript. Pl. Nov. Herb. Van Heurckiani 2: 143 (1871).
    • Ichnocarpus affinis (Roem. & Schult.) Hook.f. & Thomson in G.Bentham & J.D.Hooker, Gen. Pl. 2: 717 (1876).
    • Ichnocarpus frutescens var. pubescens Kurz, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46: 256 (1877).
    • Thyrsanthus parviflorus (Poir.) Miers, Apocyn. S. Amer.: 100 (1878).
    • Ichnocarpus frutescens var. parvifolia Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 670 (1882).
    • Ichnocarpus navesii Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 313 (1884), nom. nud.
    • Beluttakaka malabarica Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 413 (1891), nom. superfl.
    • Quirivelia bantamensis (Blume) F.N.Williams, Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 5: 949 (1905).
    • Carruthersia daronensis Elmer, Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 4: 1450 (1912).
    • Ichnocarpus volubilis (Lour.) Merr., Philipp. J. Sci. 21: 506 (1922).
    • Ichnocarpus sogerensis Wernham ex S.Moore, J. Bot. 61(Suppl.): 33 (1923).
    • Ichnocarpus volubilis f. sogerensis (Wernham ex S.Moore) Markgr., Nova Guinea 14: 288 (1926).
    • Ichnocarpus frutescens f. pubescens Markgr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 208 (1927), nom. illeg.
    • Ichnocarpus frutescens f. sogerensis (Wernham ex S.Moore) Markgr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 207 (1927).
    • Ichnocarpus frutescens var. leptodictyus (F.Muell.) Domin, Biblioth. Bot. 89: 528 (1928).
    • Micrechites sinensis Markgr., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 215 (1931).
    • Ichnocarpus microcalyx Pit. in H.Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 3: 1254 (1933).
    • Ichnocarpus oxypetalus Pit. in H.Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 3: 1256 (1933).
    • Ichnocarpus frutescens var. ovatifolius (A.DC.) Deb, Fl. Tripura State 2: 18 (1983).

Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
      • China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan),
  • Continental: Asia-Tropical

India (widespread), Jammu & Kashmir (Kashmir, Jammu), Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, peninsular Malaysia (widespread), Borneo, Moluccas (Aru, Buru, Halmaheira, Ceram, Tanimbar), New Guinea, Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Lesser Sunda Isl. (Flores, Sumbawa, Timor, Wetar), Philippines (widespread), Palawan, Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, New Ireland), Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.), Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.), Bhutan, Myanmar [Burma] (Bago, Sagaing, Shan, Taninthayi, Yangon)

  • Continental: Australasia
      • Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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  • On the Asclepiadeae. A Natural Order of Plants Separated from the Apocineae of Jussieu. London 51 (1810) (Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1: 62 (1811); Aiton, W.T., Hortus Kew. ed. 2, 2: 69 (1811))
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Vernacular names

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English: Black Creeper
မြန်မာဘာသာ: တွင်းနက်ကတိုး
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