Heliocarpus americanus

Heliocarpus americanus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Malvales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids II Ordo: Malvales

Familia: Malvaceae
Subfamilia: Grewioideae
Tribus: Apeibeae
Genus: Heliocarpus
Species: Heliocarpus americanus

Name

Heliocarpus americanus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 448. 1753. (as americana)

Synonymy

• Homotypic
  • Heliocarpus americanus var. typicus K.Schum., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 12(3): 141(–142). 1886, nom. inval. (as var. α. typica)

• Heterotypic
  • Heliocarpus popayanensis Kunth in Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 5(23): 341. 1821 [1823]. – Nov. Gen. Sp. (folio ed.) 5(23): 265(–266). 1821 [1823].
  • Heliocarpus tomentosus Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 225(–226). 1858.
  • Heliocarpus trichopodus Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 226(–227). 1858.
  • Heliocarpus americanus var. popayanensis (Kunth) K.Schum., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 12(3): 142. 1886.
  • Heliocarpus americanus var. schumannii Baker f., J. Bot. 36(4): 131(–132). 1898. (as var. Schumanni)
  • Heliocarpus popayanensis var. purdiei Baker f., J. Bot. 36(4): 132. 1898. (as var. Purdiei)
  • Heliocarpus popayanensis var. trichopodus (Turcz.) Baker f., J. Bot. 36(4): 132. 1898. (as var. trichopoda)
  • Heliocarpus donnellsmithii Rose in Donn.Sm., Bot. Gaz. 31(2): 110, t. 1. 1901. (as Heliocarpus Donnellsmithii)
  • Heliocarpus caeciliae Loes., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(322–324): 227. 1913. (as Heliocarpus Caeciliae)
  • Heliocarpus popayanensis var. grandifolius Hochr., Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 18–19: 116. 1914.
  • Heliocarpus diclinus Hochr., Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 18–19: 117(–118). 1914.
  • Heliocarpus boliviensis Hochr., Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 18–19: 118(–119). 1914.
  • Heliocarpus rosei Hochr., Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 18–19: 119(–121). 1914. (as Heliocarpus Rosei)
  • Heliocarpus stipulatus Hochr., Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 18–19: 121(–122). 1914.
  • Heliocarpus australis E.Watson, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50(3): 124(–125). 1923.
  • Heliocarpus rudis E.Watson, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50(3): 126. 1923.
  • Heliocarpus subtrilobus Sprague, J. Bot. 61(10): 257. 1923.
  • Heliocarpus horridus Lundell, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 66(9): 597. 1939.
  • Heliocarpus cuspidatus Lundell, Phytologia 2(1): 2. 1941.
  • Heliocarpus floribundus Lundell, Phytologia 2(1): 2(–3). 1941.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Northern America Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest. Southern America Central America Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Northern South America Venezuela. Western South America Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. Brazil Brazil North, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central. Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Paraguay. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 448. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Baker, E.G. 1898. Two old American types. Journal of Botany, British and Foreign 36: 129–132. BHL Reference page. 
• Donnell Smith, J. 1901. Undescribed plants from Guatemala and other Central American republics. XXII. Botanical Gazette 31: 109–125, pl. BHL JSTOR Reference page. 
• Kunth, C.S. 1823. Tiliaceae. Pp. 334–348, tt. 487–488 in Humboldt, A., Bonpland, A. & Kunth, C.S., Nova genera et species plantarum, quas in peregrinatione ad plagam aequinoctialem orbis novi collegerunt, descripserunt, partim adumbraverunt Amat. Bonpland et Alex. de Humboldt, Tomus 5 (quarto ed.). N. Maze, Lutetiae Parisiorum [Paris]. BHL Reference page. 
• Kunth, C.S. 1823. Tiliaceae. Pp. 260–271, tt. 487–488 in Humboldt, A., Bonpland, A. & Kunth, C.S., Nova genera et species plantarum, quas in peregrinatione orbis novi collegerunt, descripserunt, partim adumbraverunt Amat. Bonpland et Alex. de Humboldt, Tomus 5 (folio ed.). N. Maze, Lutetiae Parisiorum [Paris]. e-rara.ch Reference page. 
• Schumann, C. 1886. Tiliaceae, Bombaceae. Cols. 117–250, tt. 25–50 in Martius, C.F.P. de (†) & Eichler, A.G. (eds.), Flora Brasiliensis. Enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum quas suis aliorumque botanicorum studiis descriptas et methodo naturali digestas partim icone illustratas, Vol. XII, pars II. Fasc. XCVIII. Frid. Fleischer, Lipsiae [Leipzig]. BHL Reference page. 
• Turczaninow, N. 1858. Animadversiones in secundam partem herbarii Turczaninowiani, nunc Universitatis Caesareae Charkowiensis. Bulletin de la Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 31(I): 185–250, 379–476. BHL BHL Reference page. 
• Dorr, L.J. 2012. Malvaceae. In Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T., Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 496–529. BHL Reference page.  (as Heliocarpus americanus and H. donnellsmithii)
• Lay, K.K. 1949. A revision of the genus Heliocarpus L. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 36: 507–541. DOI: 10.2307/2394471 BHL JSTOR Reference page.  (as Heliocarpus americanus, H. donnellsmithii, and H. popayanensis)
• Robyns, A. 1964. Family 114. Tiliaceae. In Woodson, R.E., Jr., Schery, R.W. & Collaborators, Flora of Panama, Part VI. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 51: 1–35. DOI: 10.2307/2394900 BHL JSTOR Reference page.  (as Heliocarpus popayanensis, inkl. H. nodiflorus)
• Rodríguez, A. 2015. Tiliaceae. Pp. 418–445 in Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.), Manual de plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. VIII, Dicotiledóneas (Sabiaceae–Zygophyllaceae). Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. ISBN 978-1-935641-12-4. Reference page. 
• Villaseñor, J.L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559–902. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2016.06.017 Online PDF Reference page.  (as Heliocarpus americanus and H. donnellsmithii)

Links

• International Plant Names Index. 2018. Heliocarpus americanus. Published online. Accessed: 07 April 2018.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Heliocarpus americanus.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Heliocarpus americanus.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Heliocarpus americanus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2018-04-07.
• Hassler, M. 2018. Heliocarpus americanus. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2018 June 22. Reference page. 

• Tropicos.org 2018. Heliocarpus americanus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 07 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Flora Mesoamericana: Heliocarpus americanus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 07 April 2018.
• Heliocarpus americanus in Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. Accessed: 14 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of the Department of Antioquia (Colombia): Heliocarpus americanus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 07 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of the Department of Antioquia (Colombia): Heliocarpus popayanensis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 21 February 2019.
• Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador: Heliocarpus americanus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 07 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Peru Checklist: Heliocarpus americanus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 07 April 2018.
• Tropicos.org: Bolivia Catalogue: Heliocarpus popayanensis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 15 March 2019.
• Heliocarpus popayanensis in Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Accessed: 07 April 2018.
• Heliocarpus popayanensis in Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Conosur. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Accessed: 18 December 2018.

Notes

• By some autors, Heliocarpus donnellsmithii and H. popayanensis are treated as separate species, but are included in H. americanus by Rodríguez (2015).
• By Robyns (1964), Heliocarpus nodiflorus was included in Heliocarpus popayanensis, but is kept separate by Rodríguez (2015).

Vernacular names

español: majaguillo, majagua

For more multimedia, look at Heliocarpus americanus on Wikimedia Commons.