Helianthus

Helianthus annuus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Asterales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Campanulids Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Heliantheae
Subtribus: Helianthinae
Genus: Helianthus

Species

H. agrestis – H. × alexidis – H. × ambiguus – H. angustifolius – H. annuus – H. anomalus – H. argophyllus – H. arizonensis – H. atrorubens – H. bolanderi – H. × brevifolius – H. californicus – H. carnosus – H. ciliaris – H. × cinereus – H. cusickii – H. debilis – H. decapetalus – H. deserticola – H. dissertifolius – H. divaricatus – H. × divariserratus – H. × doronicoides – H. eggertii – H. exilis – H. floridanus – H. giganteus – H. glaucophyllus – H. × glaucus – H. gracilentus – H. grosseserratus – H. heterophyllus – H. hirsutus – H. inexpectatus – H. x intermedius – H. × kellermani – H. laciniatus – H. × laetiflorus – H. laevigatus – H. longifolius – H. × luxurians – H. maximiliani – H. microcephalus – H. mollis – H. neglectus – H. niveus – H. nuttallii – H. occidentalis – H. paradoxus – H. pauciflorus – H. petiolaris – H. porteri – H. praecox – H. pumilus – H. radula – H. resinosus – H. salicifolius – H. schweinitzii – H. silphioides – H. simulans – H. smithii – H. strumosus – H. tuberosus – H. verticillatus – H. winteri

Source(s) of checklist:
Hassler, M. 2018. Helianthus. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Feb. 07. Reference page.

Name

Helianthus L., Sp. Pl.: 904 (1753).

• Type species: H. annuus L.

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Vosacan Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 130 (1763), nom. superfl.
• Heterotypic
  • Helianthemum Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 445 (1821), orth. var.
  • Leighia Cass. in G.-F.Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. 25: 435 (1822), nom. illeg.
  • Discomela Raf., Neogenyton: 3 (1825).
  • Harpalium (Cass.) Cass. in G.-F.Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. 38: 17 (1825).
  • Neactelis Raf., New Fl. 4: 69 (1838).
  • Echinomeria Nutt., Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n.s., 7: 356 (1840).
  • Lincecumia Buckley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13: 458 (1861 publ. 1862).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe (introduced) Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden. Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia. Regional: Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Ukraine. Continental: Africa (introduced) Regional: Northern Africa Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. Regional: Macaronesia Azores, Canary Islands, Madeira. Regional: South Tropical Africa Mozambique. Regional: Southern Africa Botswana, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Lesotho, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Swaziland, Northern Provinces. Continental: Asia-Temperate (introduced) Regional: Siberia Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia, Yakutskiya. Regional: Russian Far East Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin. Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan. Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: Western Asia Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey. Regional: China China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China North-Central, Qinghai, China Southeast, Tibet, Xinjiang. Regional: Eastern Asia Japan, Korea, Taiwan. Continental: Asia-Tropical (introduced) Regional: Indian Subcontinent Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, West Himalaya. Regional: Indo-China Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam. Regional: Malesia Jawa. Continental: Australasia (introduced) Regional: Australia New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia. Regional: New Zealand New Zealand North, New Zealand South. Continental: Pacific Regional: Southwestern Pacific Fiji, Niue (introduced). Continental: Northern America Regional: Subarctic America Alaska, Nunavut, Northwest Territories (introduced). Regional: Western Canada Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan. Regional: Eastern Canada New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec. Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming. Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia. Regional: Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico, Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia. Regional: Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf (introduced), Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast (introduced). Continental: Southern America (introduced) Regional: Central America Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras. Regional: Caribbean Bahamas, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Trinidad-Tobago. Regional: Western South America Bolivia, Colombia, Peru. Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Argentina Northwest, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Paraguay, Uruguay. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 904. Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2024. Helianthus in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2024 Oct 28. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2024. Helianthus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 28 Oct 2024.
• International Plant Names Index. 2024. Helianthus. Published online. Accessed: 28 Oct 2024.
• Hassler, M. 2024. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Helianthus. Accessed: 28 Oct 2024.
• eFloras 2008. Helianthus in Flora of North America. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Helianthus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: Helianthus.
• Helianthus L. – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
• Helianthus – Taxon details on National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

Vernacular names

беларуская: Сланечнік
বাংলা: সূর্যমুখী
čeština: Slunečnice
Deutsch: Sonnenblumen
English: Sunflowers
eesti: Päevalill
suomi: Auringonkukat
Nordfriisk: Sanruusen
français: Tournesol
italiano: Elianto
日本語: ヒマワリ属
Līvõ kēļ: Pǟvapuskūd
ລາວ: ຕົ້ນດອກຕາເວັນ
lietuvių: Saulėgrąža
latviešu: Saulgriezes
македонски: Сончоглед
Nederlands: Zonnebloem
polski: Słonecznik
русский: Подсолнечник
slovenčina: Slnečnica
ไทย: ทานตะวัน
Türkçe: Günebakan
Tiếng Việt: Hướng dương
中文: 向日葵属

For more multimedia, look at Helianthus on Wikimedia Commons.