Guazuma ulmifolia

Guazuma ulmifolia

Guazuma ulmifolia

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Malvales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids II Ordo: Malvales

Familia: Malvaceae
Subfamilia: Byttnerioideae
Tribus: Theobromateae
Genus: Guazuma
Species: Guazuma ulmifolia

Name

Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., 1789

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Bubroma ulmifolia (Lam.) Oken in Allg. Naturgesch. 3(2): 1204 (1841)
  • Guazuma guazuma (L.) Cockerell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 95 (1892), not validly publ.
  • Guazuma guazuma var. ulmifolia (Lam.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 24 (1898)
  • Theobroma guazuma L. in Sp. Pl.: 782 (1753)
• Heterotypic
  • Bubroma guasuma Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 3: 1423 (1802)
  • Bubroma polybotryum (Cav.) Willd. in Enum. Pl.: 806 (1809)
  • Bubroma tomentosum (Kunth) Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3: 332 (1826)
  • Diuroglossum rufescens Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 157 (1852)
  • Guazuma blumei G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 523 (1831)
  • Guazuma burbroma Tussac in Fl. Antill. 4: 69 (1827)
  • Guazuma coriacea Rusby in Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 332 (1907)
  • Guazuma guazuma var. tomentosa (Kunth) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 24 (1898)
  • Guazuma parvifolia A.Rich. in R.de la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 10: 190 (1845), nom. nud.
  • Guazuma polybotrya Cav. in Icon. 3: 51 (1795)
  • Guazuma tomentosa Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 5: 32 (1821)
  • Guazuma tomentosa var. cumanensis G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 523 (1831)
  • Guazuma tomentosa var. monpoxensis G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 523 (1831)
  • Guazuma tomentosa var. parvifolia Kitan. in Fitologiya 11: 48 (1979)
  • Guazuma ulmifolia var. glabra K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 12(3): 81 (1886)
  • Guazuma ulmifolia var. tomentosa (Kunth) K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 12(3): 81 (1886)
  • Guazuma ulmifolia var. trianae K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 12(3): 82 (1886)
  • Guazuma ulmifolia var. velutina K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 12(3): 81 (1886)
  • Guazuma utilis Poepp. in E.F.Poeppig & S.L.Endlicher, Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 3: 72 (1845)
  • Theobroma celtifolium Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 387 (1796)
  • Theobroma tomentosum (Kunth) M.Gómez in Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 19: 217 (1890)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Paraguay Regional: Central America Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá Regional: Western South America Bolivia, Ecuador, Galápagos, Peru Regional: Brazil Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central Regional: Caribbean Cayman Is., Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is. Regional: Northern South America Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela Continental: Southern America Regional: Northern South America Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest Introduced into: India, Mauritius, Pakistan, Réunion, Sri Lanka, Vietnam References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Lamarck, J.-B. 1789–1792 [1789]. Encyclopédie Méthodique. Botanique. Tome 3. viii + 759 pp. Panckoucke, Paris; Plomteux, Liége. BHL Reference page. : 3: 52.

Additional references

• Govaerts, R.H.A. 2003. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [unavailable for the public] Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Guazuma ulmifolia in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 September 13. Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2023. Guazuma ulmifolia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 September 13. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2023. Guazuma ulmifolia. Published online. Accessed: September 13 2023.
• Tropicos.org 2023. Guazuma ulmifolia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 13 September 2023.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Guazuma ulmifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.

Vernacular names

English: West Indian Elm
தமிழ்: உத்திராக்சம்

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