Wikispecies

Ficus carica subsp. carica

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Rosales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Rosales

Familia: Moraceae
Tribus: Ficeae
Genus: Ficus
Species: Ficus carica
Subspecies: Ficus carica subsp. carica

Name

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Ficus carica L. subsp. carica, autonym

Synonyms

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  • Heterotypic
    • Ficus communis Lam., Fl. Franç. 3: 652 (1779).
    • Ficus latifolia Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 16 (1796).
    • Ficus carica var. sylvestris-alba Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 132 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. pulchella Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 132 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. linneana Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 133 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. bovina Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 133 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. aulica Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 134 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. aberdinia Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 134 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. binella Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 135 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. radiata Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 135 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. grassensis Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 136 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. mellifera Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 136 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. saccharata Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 137 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. seirola Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 137 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. gorgonea Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 138 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. domina Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 139 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. triloba Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 139 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. monstrosa Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 140 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. richardia Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 140 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. meridionalis Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 141 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. labrosa Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 141 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. collina Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 142 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. massiliensis Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 142 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. lutea Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 143 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. virescens Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 143 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. variabilis Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 144 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. heleneae Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 144 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. cemenelea Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 145 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. siciliana Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 146 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. salernitana Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 146 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. acuta Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 147 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. tournefortiana Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 147 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. cotignana Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 148 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. franciscana Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 149 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. imperialis Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 149 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. spiritus-sancti Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 150 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. oblonga Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 150 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. smithii Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 151 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. rufa Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 151 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. aubana Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 152 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. pilosa Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 152 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. rolandina Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 153 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. sylvestris-nigra Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 153 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. melitensis Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 154 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. nicaensis Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 154 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. grisea Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 155 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. saracenica Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 156 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. bellona Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 156 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. multifructu Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 157 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. obovata Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 157 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. violacea Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 158 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. labillardierei Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 159 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. movissona Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 159 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. nigra Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 160 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. dulcissima Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 160 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. rosa-nigra Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 161 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. bernardinii Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 161 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. clausa Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 162 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. clavicularis Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 163 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. caffra Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 163 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. praecox Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 164 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. suffrenia Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 164 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. barnissota Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 165 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. garidelii Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 165 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. acidula Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 166 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. depressa Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 166 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. serotina Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 167 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. ignota Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 167 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. mourenao Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 168 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. amara Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 168 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. nucleata Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 169 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. caiana Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 170 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. punctulata Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 170 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. sprengellia Risso, Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 170 (1826).
    • Ficus carica var. sativa Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 6: 333 (1830).
    • Ficus carica var. sylvestris Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 6: 333 (1830).
    • Ficus caprificus Risso, Fl. Nice: 434 (1844).
      • Ficus carica var. caprificus (Risso) Tschirch, Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 29: 90 (1911).
    • Ficus silvestris Risso, Fl. Nice: 434 (1844).
    • Caprificus insectifera Gasp., Nov. Gen. Fic.: 6 (1844).
    • Ficus praecox Gasp. in G.Gussone, Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 880 (1844).
    • Ficus macrocarpa Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 78 (1845), nom. illeg.
    • Caprificus leucocarpa Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 80 (1845).
    • Caprificus oblongata Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 80 (1845).
    • Caprificus sphaerocarpa Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 80 (1845).
    • Ficus colombra Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 77 (1845).
    • Ficus deliciosa Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 78 (1845).
    • Ficus dottata Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 77 (1845).
    • Ficus hypoleuca Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 79 (1845).
    • Ficus leucocarpa Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 77 (1845).
    • Ficus pachycarpa Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 78 (1845).
    • Ficus polymorpha Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 77 (1845).
    • Ficus burdigalensis Poit. & Turpin, Pomol. Franç. 3: t. 329 (1846).
    • Ficus globosa Miq., London J. Bot. 7: 224 (1848), nom. illeg.
    • Ficus pedunculata Miq., London J. Bot. 7: 224 (1848), nom. inval.
      • Caprificus pedunculata (Miq.) Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 80 (1845).
    • Ficus albescens Miq., London J. Bot. 7: 223 (1848).
    • Ficus neapolitana Miq., London J. Bot. 7: 223 (1848).
    • Ficus regina Miq., London J. Bot. 7: 223 (1848).
    • Ficus rugosa Miq., London J. Bot. 7: 224 (1848).
      • Caprificus rugosa (Miq.) Gasp., Ric. Caprifico: 80 (1845).
    • Ficus carica var. integrifolia K.Koch, Linnaea 22: 603 (1849).
    • Ficus carica var. riparium Hausskn. in P.E.Boissier, Fl. Orient. 4: 1154 (1879).
    • Ficus colchica Grossh., Izv. Azerbaidzhansk. Fil. 1-2: 111 (1939).
    • Ficus hyrcana Grossh., Izv. Azerbaidzhansk. Fil. 1-2: 111 (1939).
    • Ficus kopetdagensis Pachom., Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 2: 323 (1971).
    • Ficus carica var. domestica Czern. & Rav.

Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Europe
    • Regional: Northern Europe
      • Denmark, Great Britain, Sweden (introduced).
    • Regional: Middle Europe
      • Austria, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Switzerland (introduced).
    • Regional: Southwestern Europe
      • Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain (introduced).
    • Regional: Southeastern Europe
      • Albania, Bulgaria (introduced), Greece, Italy (introduced), Kriti, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia (introduced).
    • Regional: Eastern Europe
      • Krym (introduced).
  • Continental: Africa (introduced)
    • Regional: Northern Africa
      • Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Western Sahara.
    • Regional: Macaronesia
      • Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira.
    • Regional: West Tropical Africa
      • Niger.
    • Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
      • Gulf of Guinea Islands.
    • Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Chad, Eritrea, Somalia.
    • Regional: Western Indian Ocean
      • Mauritius, Réunion.
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Regional: Middle Asia
      • Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan (introduced).
    • Regional: Caucasus
      • North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
    • Regional: Western Asia
      • Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai (introduced), Turkey.
    • Regional: Arabian Peninsula
      • Gulf States, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen (introduced).
    • Regional: China
      • China South-Central, China North-Central, China Southeast, Xinjiang (introduced).
    • Regional: Eastern Asia
      • Korea (introduced).
  • Continental: Asia-Tropical (introduced)
    • Regional: Indian Subcontinent
      • Bangladesh, India, Pakistan.
    • Regional: Indo-China
      • Andaman Islands, Nicobar Islands.
  • Continental: Australasia (introduced)
    • Regional: Australia
      • Norfolk Islands.
    • Regional: New Zealand
      • New Zealand North, New Zealand South.
  • Continental: Pacific (introduced)
    • Regional: Southwestern Pacific
      • Gilbert Islands, Tokelau-Manihiki.
    • Regional: South-Central Pacific
      • Easter Islands, Line Islands.
    • Regional: Northwestern Pacific
      • Caroline Islands, Marianas, Marshall Islands, Wake Island.
  • Continental: Northern America (introduced)
    • Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Massachusetts, New York.
    • Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
      • California.
    • Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico.
    • Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina.
    • Regional: Mexico
      • Mexico Central, Mexico Southwest.
  • Continental: Southern America (introduced)
    • Regional: Central America
      • El Salvador.
    • Regional: Caribbean
      • Bermuda.
    • Regional: Western South America
      • Ecuador, Peru.
    • Regional: Southern South America
      • Juan Fernández Islands.
  • Continental: Antarctic (introduced)
    • Regional: Subantarctic Islands
      • Tristan da Cunha.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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