Echium plantagineum

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Boraginales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Boraginales

Familia: Boraginaceae
Subfamilia: Boraginoideae
Tribus: Lithospermeae
Genus: Echium
Sectio: E. sect. Echium
Species: Echium plantagineum

Name

Echium plantagineum L., Mant. Pl. Altera: 202 (1771).

Lectotypus: "Lycopsis lato Plantaginis folio Italica" in Barrelier, Pl. Galliam, 16, t. 1026, 1714 (designated by: Gibbs, Lagascalia 1: 58 (1971))

Synonyms

Homotypic
- Echium creticum subsp. plantagineum (L.) Malag., Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 18: 9 (1976 publ. 1977).
Heterotypic
- Echium creticum Lam., Tabl. Encyc. 1: 412 (1791), nom. illeg. non L.
- Echium lusitanicum Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 4 (1768) nom. illeg. non L.
- Echium murale Hill, Brit. Herb.: 388 (1756), nom. inval..
- Echium plantagineum var. grandiflorum Colmeiro, in sched.
- Echium plantagineum var. maroccanum Sennen, Diagn. Pl. Nouv. Esp. Maroc 109 (1951).
- Echium alonsoi Sennen & Mauricio in É.M.G.Sennen, Diagn. Nouv.: 237 (1936).
- Echium bonariense Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl. 8: 674 (1808).
- Echium diffusum Jan ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 515 (1881), nom. illeg..
- Echium longistamineum Pourr. ex Lapeyr., Hist. Pl. Pyrénées, Suppl.: 29 (1818).
- Echium maritimum Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 1: 788 (1798).
- Echium orientale Stephan, Enum. Stirp. Agr. Mosq.: 124 (1792), nom. illeg..
- Echium plantagineum var. album Mattos, Loefgrenia 85: 2 (1984).
- Echium plantagineum var. monodasystemon Beauverd & Felipp., Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 13: 7 (1921).
- Echium plantaginifolium L. ex Moris, Att. Riunione Sci. Ital. 8: 564 (1847).
- Echium plantaginoides Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 4: 19 (1819).
- Echium pseudoviolaceum Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 470 (1866).
- Echium sennenii Pau, Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 363 (1924).
  - Echium plantagineum var. sennenii (Pau) Sauvage & Vindt, Fl. Maroc. 2: 176 (1954).
Misapplied names
- Echium lycopsis auct. non L., Fl. Angl.: 12 (1754), nom. rej.. [= Echium asperrimum].
  - Lectotypus: "Echii altera species" in Dodoëns, Stirp. Hist. Pempt., ed. 2, 630, 631, 1616 (designated by: Stearn, Introd. Ray's Syn. Meth. Stirp. Brit. (Ray Soc. ed.): 65 (1973))
- Echium violaceum L., Mant. Pl.: 42 (1767) [= Echium spec.].
  - Original material: Herb. Linn. No. 191.20 (LINN), Clusius 1601. Rar. Pl. Hist., 2: 164.

Homonyms

Echium plantagineum Kunze = Echium creticum L.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
- Regional: Northern Europe
  - Great Britain (introduced).
- Regional: Middle Europe
  - Austria, Czechoslovakia, Germany (introduced).
- Regional: Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares (Ibiza with Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca), Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Sicilia (Sicily, Malta), Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia (Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia).
- Regional: Eastern Europe
  - Belarus (introduced), Krym, Central European Russia (introduced), South European Russia, Ukraine (introduced).
Continental: Africa
- Regional: Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
- Regional: Macaronesia
  - Azores (Faial, Flores, Graciosa, Pico, Santa Maria, Sao Jorge, Sao Miguel, Terceira), Canary Islands (Gran Canaria, Gomera, Hierro, La Palma, Tenerife), Madeira (Desertas, Madeira, Porto Santo), Selvagens.
- Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa (introduced)
  - Eritrea, Ethiopia.
- Regional: East Tropical Africa (introduced)
  - Kenya, Tanzania.
- Regional: South Tropical Africa (introduced)
  - Zimbabwe.
- Regional: Southern Africa (introduced)
  - Cape Provinces, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Northern Provinces.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Caucasus
  - North Caucasus, Transcaucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Gruziya)
- Regional: Western Asia
  - Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Lebanon-Syria (Lebanon, Syria), Palestine (Israel, Jordan), Turkey.
- Regional: Arabian Peninsula
  - Saudi Arabia.
Continental: Australasia (introduced)
- Regional: Australia
  - Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia.
- Regional: New Zealand
  - New Zealand North, New Zealand South.
Continental: Northern America (introduced)
- Regional: Western Canada
  - Manitoba.
- Regional: Eastern Canada
  - Newfoundland, Ontario.
- Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Oregon.
- Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania.
- Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California.
Continental: Southern America (introduced)
- Regional: Brazil
  - Brazil South.
- Regional: Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South, Uruguay.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1771. Mantissa Plantarum Altera. Generum Editionis VI et Specierum Editionis II. Holmiae [Stockholm]. pp. [6] + 143–587, Appendix. BHL Reference page. : 202

Additional references

Jarvis, C.E. 2007. Order out of Chaos: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types. London: Linnean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum, ISBN 978-0-9506207-7-0, p. 491. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Echium plantagineum in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Aug 23. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2020. Echium plantagineum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Aug 23. Reference page.
Euro+Med 2006 onwards: Echium plantagineum in Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Oct 4.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Echium plantagineum. Published online. Accessed: Aug 23 2020.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Echium plantagineum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names

العربية: زهرة الأفعى الحملية
български: Живовлеково усойниче
Cymraeg: Gwiberlys porffor
Deutsch: Wegerichblättriger Natternkopf
English: Purple Viper's-bugloss
español: Viborera
suomi: Ratamoneidonkieli
français: Vipérine à feuilles de plantain
hornjoserbsce: Putnikołopjenata hrimanka
italiano: Viperina piantaginea
日本語: シャゼンムラサキ
Nederlands: Weegbreeslangenkruid
русский: Синяк подорожниковый
svenska: Blå snokört
українська: Синяк подорожниковий
中文: 车前叶蓝蓟