Echinacea (Asteraceae)

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Asterales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Campanulids Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Heliantheae
Subtribus: Zinniinae
Genus: Echinacea
Subgenera: E. subg. Echinacea – E. subg. Pallida
Species: E. angustifolia – E. atrorubens – E. laevigata – E. pallida – E. paradoxa – E. purpurea – E. sanguinea – E. simulata – E. tennesseensis

Name

Echinacea Moench, Meth. 591 (1794) [4 May 1794].

Synonyms

Brauneria Necker ex Porter & Britton, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 333. 17 Nov (1894).
Helichroa Raf., Neogenyton 3 (1825).

Dubious taxa

Echinacea hybrida hort. ex Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 9. Fasc. suppl. 1, 5 (1931), nom. nud., is probably a hybrid of Echinacea purpurea, but disposition is uncertain and of origin in cultivation.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America
- Regional:Central & Eastern USA
  - Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode I., South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
- Regional:Canada
  - Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
- Introduced into:
  - Austria, Baltic States, Bolivia, Borneo, Costa Rica, Delaware, France, Germany, Jawa, Kazakhstan, Korea, Krym, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Philippines, Poland, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Venezuela

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Moench, C. 1794. Methodus Plantas Horti Botanici et Agri Marburgensis vol. 1–2, 780 pp., Marburgi Cattorum: Nova Libraria Academiae. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.304 Reference page. : 591

Additional references

Binns, S.E., Baum, B.R. & Arnason, J.T. 2002. A taxonomic revision of Echinacea (Asteraceae: Heliantheae). Systematic Botany 27(3): 610–632. DOI: 10.1043/0363-6445-27.3.610 JSTOR Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2023. Echinacea. Published online. Accessed: June 04 2023.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Echinacea in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 June 04. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2023. Echinacea. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 04 June 2023.
Hassler, M. 2023. Echinacea. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 June 04. Reference page.

Vernacular names

English: Coneflower
suomi: Punahatut
magyar: Kasvirág
日本語: ムラサキバレンギク属
русский: Эхинация
Türkçe: Kirpi otu