Cyanobacteria

Microcystis aeruginosa

Taxonavigation

Prokaryota
Superregnum: Bacteria
Regnum: Bacteria
Group: Terrabacteria group
Group: Cyanobacteria/Melainabacteria group
Phylum: Cyanobacteria

Classes: ?Cyanophyceae – Gloeobacteria – ?Chroobacteria – ?Cyanobacteria – ?Hormogoneae

Subclasses: Nostocophycideae – Oscillatoriophycideae – Synechococcophycideae

Ordines (overview): Chroococcales – Chroococcidiopsidales – Gloeobacterales – Nostocales – Oscillatoriales – Pleurocapsales – ?Pseudanabaenales – Spirulinales – Synechococcales

Genus (incertae sedis): Lusitaniella

Name

Cyanobacteria Stanier, 1973

Synonyms

• Myxophyceae Wallroth, 1833
• Phycochromaceae Rabenhorst, 1865
• Cyanophyceae (Classis) Sachs, 1874
• Schizophyceae Cohn, 1879 (not Rabenhorst, 1847)
• Cyanophyta Steinecke, 1931
• Oxyphotobacteria Gibbons & Murray, 1978

References

• Komárek J. & Hauer T. 2013. CyanoDB.cz - On-line database of cyanobacterial genera. - Word-wide electronic publication, Univ. of South Bohemia & Inst. of Botany AS CR.

Links

• Cyanobacteria – Taxon details on National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
• European Nucleotide Archive
• Cyanobacteria in the World Register of Marine Species

Alternative classifications

Geitler (1925)

Geitler, L. 1925. Cyanophyceae. In: Pascher A. (ed.), Die Süsswasser-Flora: Deutschlands, Österreichs und der Schweiz, Vol. 12, p. 481, Gustav Fischer Verl., Jena, [1]

Cyanophyceae

• Chroococcales
• Entophysalidales
• Pleurocapsales
• Dermocarpales
• Siphononematales
• Nostocales
• Stigonematales

Geitler (1932)

Geitler, L. 1932. Cyanophyceae. In: Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen Flora von Deutschland, Vol. 14, p. 1196, Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, [2]

Cyanophyceae

• Chroococcales
• Chamaesiphonales
• Hormogonales

Geitler (1942)

Geitler, L. 1942. Schizophyta: Klasse Schizophyceae. In: Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, Sweite Auflage. (Engler, A. & Prantl, K. Eds) Vol.1b, pp. 1–232. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, [3]

Schizophyceae

• Chroococcales
• Dermocarpales
• Pleurocapsales
• Hormogonales

Gibbons & Murray (1978)

Gibbons, N. E. & Murray, R. G. E. 1978. Proposals concerning the higher taxa of bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteriol 28: 1–6. (PDF)

Kingdom Procaryotae

• Division Gracilicutes
  • Class Photobacteria
    • Subclass Oxyphotobacteriae
      • Order Cyanobacteriales
      • Order Prochlorales
    • Subclass Anoxyphotobacteriae
      • Order Rhodospirillales
      • Order Chlorobiales
  • Class Scotobacteria
• Division Firmacutes
• Division Mollicutes

Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (1989)

From Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 1st ed., vol. 3, 1989. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, [4], [5]

Kingdom Procaryotae

• Division I. Gracilicutes
  • Class III. Oxyphotobacteria
    • Group I. Cyanobacteria
      • Subsection I. Order Chroococcales [I]
        • Genus Chamaesiphon [I]
        • Genus Gloeobacter [Synechococcus-Group] [II]
        • Genus Gloeothece [Cyanothece-Group, Gloeocapsa-Group, Synechocystis-Group] [III]
      • Subsection II. Order Nostocales [IV]
        • Family Nostocaceae [I]
          • Genus Anabaena [I]
          • Genus Aphanizomenon [II]
          • Genus Cylindrospermum [IV]
          • Genus Nodularia [III]
          • Genus Nostoc [V]
        • Family Scytonemataceae [II]
          • Genus Scytonema [I]
        • Family Rivulariaceae [III]
          • Genus Calothrix [I]
      • Subsection III. Order Oscillatoriales [III]
        • Genus Arthrospira [II]
        • Genus Crinalium [VII]
        • Genus Lyngbya [IV]
        • Genus Microcoleus [VIII]
        • Genus Oscillatoria [III]
        • Genus Pseudanabaena [V]
        • Genus Spirulina [I]
        • Genus Starria [VI]
      • Subsection IV. Order Pleurocapsales [II]
        • Genus Chroococcidiopsis [Pleurocapsa-Group] [V]
        • Genus Dermocarpa [I]
        • Genus Dermocarpella [III]
        • Genus Mxyosarcina [IV]
        • Genus Xenococcus [II]
      • Subsection V. Order Stigonematales
        • Genus Chlorogloeopsis [I]
        • Genus Fischerella [II]
        • Genus Geitleria
        • Genus Stigonema [III]
    • Group II. Order Prochlorales
      • Family Prochloraceae
        • Genus Prochloron
      • [Other Taxa]
        • Genus "Prochlorothrix"

Holt et al. (1994)

Holt. J. G., and N. R. Krieg. 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, Md. (PDF), [6]

"Four major categories of bacteria"

• I. Gram-negative Eubacteria that have cell walls
  • Group 11. Oxygenic phototrophic bacteria
    • I. The Cyanobacteria
      • Subgroup 1 (= Order Chroococcales)
      • Subgroup 2 (= Order Pleurocapsales)
      • Subgroup 3 (= Order Oscillatoriales)
      • Subgroup 4 (= Order Nostocales)
      • Subgroup 5 (= Order Stigonematales)
    • II. The prochlorophytes (Order Prochlorales)

van den Hoek et al. (1995)

Hoek, C. van den, Mann, D.G. & Jahns, H.M. 1995. Algae An Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, [7].

"Algae"

• Division Cyanophyta
  • Class Cyanophyceae
    • Order Chroococcales (e.g., Cyanothece, Aphanothece, Merismopedia, Chroococcus, Gloeocapsa, Microcystis, Chamaesiphon)
    • Order Pleurocapsales (e.g., Cyanocystis, Pleurocapsa)
    • Order Oscillatoriales (e.g., Oscillatoria, Lyngbya, Microcoleus)
    • Order Nostocales (e.g., Nostoc, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Scytonema, Rivularia)
    • Order Stigonematales (e.g., Stigonema)

A. Pascher's Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa (1998–2013)

From Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa (or Freshwater Flora of Central Europe), 2nd ed., Adolf Pascher. Some volumes not published.

[See Algae]

• Cyanoprokaryota
  • Chroococcales [Bd. 19/1, 1998, von Komárek, [8]]
  • Oscillatoriales [Bd. 19/2, 2005, von Komárek & Anagnostidis, [9]]
  • Nostocales [Bd. 19/3, 2013, von Komárek & Anagnostidis, [10]]

Hoffmann et al. (2005)

Hoffmann, L., Kaštovský, J. & Komárek, J. 2005. Proposal of cyanobacterial system – 2004. In: Komárek, J. & Anagnostidis, K. Cyanoprokaryota, 2. Teil/2nd Part: Oscillatorialles. In: Büdel, B., Krienitz L., Gärtner G. & Schagerl, M. (ed.), Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa Bd. 19/2. Elsevier/Spektrum, Heidelberg, pp. 657–660, [11]

Cyanoprokaryota

• Synechococcineae
• Oscillatoriineae
• Nostocineae

Komárek et al. (2014)

Komárek, J., Kaštovský, J., Mareš, J. & Johansen, J.R. 2014. Taxonomic classification of cyanoprokaryotes (cyanobacterial genera) 2014, using a polyphasic approach. Preslia 86: 295–335, [12].

Cyanobacteria

• Gloeobacterales
• Synechococcales
• Spirulinales
• Chroococcales
• Pleurocapsales
• Chroococcidiopsidales
• Oscillatoriales
• Nostocales

References

• Gkelis, S., Ourailidis, I., Panou, M. & Pappas, N. 2016. Cyanobacteria of Greece: an annotated checklist. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e10084. DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084. Reference page. 

Vernacular names

беларуская: Цыянабактэрыі
čeština: Sinice
dansk: Cyanobakterier, blågrønalger
English: blue-green algae
eesti: Tsüanobakterid, Tsüanoprokarüoodid, Sinivetikad, Sinikud
français: Cyanobactéries, algues bleues, algues bleu-vert, Cyanophycées
italiano: Cianobatteri
日本語: シアノバクテリア
한국어: 남조세균문(藍藻細菌門)
polski: Sinice
русский: Цианобактерии
српски / srpski: Цијанобактерије
тоҷикӣ: Сианобактерияҳо
Türkçe: Siyanobakteri
中文: 蓝细菌门

For more multimedia, look at Cyanobacteria on Wikimedia Commons.