Carpinus

Carpinus betulus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Fagales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Fagales

Familia: Betulaceae
Subfamilia: Coryloideae
Genus: Carpinus
Species: C. betulus – C. caroliniana – C. chuniana – C. cordata – C. dayongiana – C. faginea – C. fangiana – C. fargesiana – C. firmifolia – C. gigabracteatus – C. hebestroma – C. henryana – C. insularis – C. japonica – C. kawakamii – C. kweichowensis – C. langaoensis – C. laxiflora – C. lipoensis – C. londoniana – C. luochengensis – C. mengshanensis – C. microphylla – C. mollicoma – C. monbeigiana – C. omeiensis – C. orientalis – C. paohsingensis – C. polyneura – C. pubescens – C. purpurinervis – C. putoensis – C. rankanensis – C. rupestris – C. shensiensis – C. shimenensis – C. tibetana – C. tientaiensis – C. tropicalis – C. tsaiana – C. tschonoskii – C. turczaninovii – C. viminea
Fossil taxa: †C. asymmetrica – †C. perryae – †C. symmetrica
Nothospecies: C. × schuschaensis

Name

Carpinus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 998 (1753); Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 432 (1754).

• Type species: Carpinus betulus L. (Lectotype designated by N.L. Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N.U.S. ed. 2. 1: 606 (1913), supported by M.L. Green, Prop. Brit. Bot. 189 (1929))

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Ostrya Hill, Brit. Herb.: 513 (1756), nom. rej. non Scop.
• Heterotypic
  • Distegocarpus Siebold & Zucc., Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 226 (1846).
    • Type species: Distegocarpus carpinus Siebold & Zucc.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Great Britain, Norway (introduced), Sweden. Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Regional: Southwestern Europe France, Spain. Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia. Regional: Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, South European Russia, Ukraine. Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Russian Far East Primorye. Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: Western Asia Iran, Turkey. Regional: China China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China North-Central, China Southeast, Tibet. Regional: Eastern Asia Japan, Korea, Taiwan. Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indian Subcontinent Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, Nepal, West Himalaya. Regional: Indo-China Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam. Continental: Northern America Regional: Eastern Canada Ontario, Québec. Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wisconsin. Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia. Regional: Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast. Continental: Southern America Regional: Central America El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 998. Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 432. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Britton, N.L. & Brown, A. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian. ed. 2. C. Scribner's sons, New York. Vol. 1: 606. Reference page. 
• Hitchcock, A.S. & Green, M.L. 1929. Standard species of Linnaean genera of Phanerogamae (1753–1754). pp. 111–195. In: Sprague, T.A. (ed.): International Botanical Congress. Cambridge (England), 1930. Nomenclature. Proposals by British Botanists. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Biblioteca Digital Reference page. 
• Yaltırık, F. 1982. Carpinus. Pp. 682–685 in Davis, P.H. (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 7 (Orobanchaceae to Rubiaceae). 947 pp., Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, ISBN 0-85224-396-0. Reference page. 
• Li, P.C. & Skvortsov, A.K. 1999. Carpinus. Pp. 289–300 in Wu, Zh.Y. & Raven, P.H. (eds.), Flora of China. Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, ISBN 0-915279-70-3. efloras PDF Reference page. 
• Ohwi, J. 1965. Flora of Japan (translated by F.G. Meyer & E.M. Walker). 1067 pp. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. BHL Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Carpinus in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 Feb 21. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2023. Carpinus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 21 Feb 2023.
• International Plant Names Index. 2023. Carpinus. Published online. Accessed: 21 Feb 2023.
• Hassler, M. 2023. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Carpinus. Accessed: 21 Feb 2023.
• Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G. (eds.) 1996 onwards. Carpinus in Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). Accessed: 2023 Feb 21.

Vernacular names

azərbaycanca: Vələs
беларуская: Граб
български: Габър
català: Carpí
čeština: Habr
dansk: Avnbøg
Deutsch: Hainbuchen
English: Hornbeam
Esperanto: Karpeno
español: Carpe
eesti: Valgepöök
فارسی: ممرز
suomi: Valkopyökit
français: Charme
hornjoserbsce: Hrab
magyar: Gyertyán
հայերեն: Բոխենի
Ido: Karpino
italiano: Càrpino
日本語: シデ
ქართული: რცხილა
한국어: 서어나무속
lietuvių: Skroblas
македонски: Габер
Nederlands: Haagbeuk
norsk: Agnbøk
polski: Grab
русский: Граб
svenska: Avenbok
Türkçe: Gürgen
中文: 鹅耳枥

For more multimedia, look at Carpinus on Wikimedia Commons.