Carissa spinarum

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Gentianales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Apocynaceae
Subfamilia: Rauvolfioideae
Tribus: Carisseae
Genus: Carissa
Species: Carissa spinarum

Name

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Carissa spinarum L., Mant. Pl. 2: 559 (1771).

Synonymy

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  • Heterotypic
    • Antura edulis Forssk., Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. p. cvi (1775).
    • Antura hadiensis J.F. Gmel., Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis]. 2(1): 405 (1791).
    • Azima pubescens Suess., Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München, Heft 8, 334 (1953).
    • Cabucala brachyantha Pichon, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 13: 205 (1948).
    • Carissa abyssinica R. Br.
    • Carissa axillaris Roxb.
    • Carissa brownii F. Muell.
    • Carissa campenonii (Drake) Palacky
    • Carissa candolleana Jaub. & Spach
    • Carissa carandas var. congesta (Wight) Bedd.
    • Carissa carandas var. paucinervia (A. DC.) Bedd.
    • Carissa cochinchinensis Pierre ex Pit.
    • Carissa comorensis (Pichon) Markgr.
    • Carissa coriacea Wall.
    • Carissa cornifolia Jaub. & Spach
    • Carissa dalzellii Bedd.
    • Carissa densiflora var. microphylla Danguy ex Lecomte
    • Carissa diffusa Roxb.
    • Carissa dulcis Schumach. & Thonn.
    • Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl
    • Carissa edulis f. revoluta
    • Carissa edulis subsp. continentalis Pichon
    • Carissa edulis var. ambungana Pichon
    • Carissa edulis var. densiflora (Baker) Pichon
    • Carissa edulis var. horrida (Pichon) Markgr.
    • Carissa edulis var. microphylla Pichon
    • Carissa edulis var. nummularis Pichon
    • Carissa edulis var. revoluta (Scott-Elliot) Markgr.
    • Carissa edulis var. subtrinervia Pichon
    • Carissa edulis var. tomentosa (A. Rich.) Stapf
    • Carissa hirsuta Roth
    • Carissa horrida Pichon
    • Carissa inermis Vahl
    • Carissa lanceolata R. Br.
    • Carissa laxiflora Benth.
    • Carissa macrophylla Wall.
    • Carissa madagascariensis Thouars ex Poir.
    • Carissa obovata Markgr.
    • Carissa oleoides Markgr.
    • Carissa ovata R. Br.
    • Carissa paucinervia A. DC.
    • Carissa pilosa Schinz
    • Carissa pubescens A. DC.
    • Carissa revoluta Scott-Elliot
    • Carissa richardiana Jaub. & Spach
    • Carissa scabra R. Br.
    • Carissa sechellensis Baker
    • Carissa suavissima Bedd. ex Hook. f.
    • Carissa tomentosa A. Rich.
    • Carissa villosa Roxb.
    • Carissa xylopicron Thouars
    • Carissa yunnanensis Tsiang & P. T. Li
    • Jasminonerium dulce (Schumach. & Thonn.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 414 (1891).
    • Jasminonerium pubescens (A. DC.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 414 (1891).
    • Jasminonerium sechellense (Baker) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 414 (1891).
    • Jasminonerium tomentosum (A. Rich.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 414 (1891).
    • Strychnos pungens Gagnep., Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 23 (1950), nom. illeg. non Solered. (1893).

Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Africa
    • Egypt, Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo, Burundi, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo (Brazzaville), Rwanda, D.R. Congo (Zaire), Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Socotra, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia (incl. Caprivi Strip), South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga), Aldabra, Comores (Mayotte, etc.), Mauritius, Madagascar, La Reunion, Rodrigues, Seychelles, Oman
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Egypt (SE-Egypt), Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir), Yemen (Tihama, W-Yemen), China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan),
  • Continental: Asia-Tropical
    • Bangladesh, India (throughout drier parts), Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, New Guinea, Java, Burma, Sri Lanka, Moluccas, Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.), Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl.), Pakistan (Swat, Hazara, Murree, Pakistani Punjab, etc.), Jammu & Kashmir, ?peninsular Malaysia
  • Continental: Australasia
    • Regional: Australia
      • Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, N-Western Australia)

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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Vernacular names

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Gĩkũyũ: Mũkawa
සිංහල: හීන් කරඹ
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