Bryoria fuscescens

Bryoria fuscescens

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Lecanorales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Fungi Subregnum: Dikarya Divisio: Ascomycota Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina Classis: Lecanoromycetes Subclassis: Lecanoromycetidae Ordo: Lecanorales

Familia: Parmeliaceae
Subfamilia: Parmelioideae
Genus: Bryoria
Species: Bryoria fuscescens
Varietates: B. f. var. fuscescens – B. f. var. positiva

Name

Bryoria fuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw., Opera Bot. 42: 83 (1977). [MycoBank #341504]

Basionym

• Alectoria fuscescens Gyeln., Nyt Mag. Naturvidensk. 70: 55 (1932) [‘1931’]. [MycoBank #122545]

Homotypic synonym

• Bryopogon fuscescens (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Tisia 2: 163 (1937). [MycoBank #364819]

Heterotypic synonyms

• Lichen chalybeiformis L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1155 (1753). [MycoBank #393835] (nom. rej.)

• Lichen jubatus β.[=var.] chalybeiformis (L.) Weber, Spicil. Fl. Goetting.: 229 (1778). [Index Fungorum #618115] (nom. rej.)

• Usnea chalybeiformis (L.) Baumg., Fl. Lips.: 591 (1790). [MycoBank #408341] (nom. rej.)

• Parmelia jubata δ.[=var.] chalybeiformis (L.) Ach., Method. Lich. 1: 273 (1803). [Index Fungorum #618295] (nom. rej.)

• Cornicularia jubata β.[=var.] chalybeiformis (L.) DC. in Lam. & DC., Fl. Franç. (ed. 3) 2: 332 (1805). [MycoBank #617917] (nom. rej.)

• Alectoria jubata δ.[=var.] chalybeiformis (L.) Ach., Lichenogr. Univers.: 593 (1810). [MycoBank #447556] (nom. rej.)

• Alectoria chalybeiformis (L.) Röhl., Deutschl. Fl. (ed. 2) 3(2): 137 (1813). [MycoBank #375872] (nom. rej.)

• Evernia jubata b.[=var.] chalybeiformis (L.) Fr., Lichenogr. Europ. Reform.: 20 (1831). [Index Fungorum #617953] (nom. rej.)

• Bryopogon chalybeiformis (L.) Link, Handbuch [Link] 3: 164 (1833). [MycoBank #380138] (nom. rej.)

• Bryopogon jubatus c.[=var.] chalybeiformis (L.) Rabenh., Deutschl. Krypt.-Fl. 2(1): 120 (1845). [MycoBank #454431] (nom. rej.)

• Evernia bicolor var. chalybeiformis (L.) Fr., Summa Veg. Scand. (1): 103 (1845). [Index Fungorum #617933] (nom. rej.)

• Alectoria jubata α.[=var.] prolixa * [=f.] chalybeiformis (L.) Th.Fr., Lichenogr. Scand. (1): 25 (1871). [Index Fungorum #350996] (nom. rej.)

• Alectoria prolixa var. chalybeiformis (L.) Stizenb., Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 7(3): 129 (1892). [MycoBank #617779] (nom. rej.)

• Setaria jubata var. chalybeiformis (L.) Samp., Lich. Portugal 3: no. 269 (1923). [MycoBank #351529] (nom. rej.)

• Bryoria chalybeiformis (L.) Brodo & D.Hawksw., Opera Bot. 42: 81 (1977). [MycoBank #341496] (nom. rej.)

• Alectoria jubata α.[=var.] prolixa Ach., Lichenogr. Univers.: 592 (1810). [MycoBank #447559]

• Alectoria prolixa (Ach.) Röhl., Deutschl. Fl. (ed. 2) 3(2): 137 (1813). [MycoBank #375913]

• Parmelia jubata γ.[=var.] prolixa (Ach.) Schaer., Lich. Helv. Spicil. 2(10): 502 (1840). [MycoBank #618298]

• Cornicularia jubata γ.[=var.] prolixa (Ach.) Schaer., Enum. Crit. Lich. Europ.: 5 (1850). [MycoBank #617919]

• Bryopogon jubatus δ.[=var.] prolixus (Ach.) Th.Fr., Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal., Ser. 3, 3: 126 (1861). [MycoBank #410015]

• Alectoria chalybeiformis f. prolixa (Ach.) Elenkin, Acta Horti Petropolit. 19(1): 27 (1901). [MycoBank #617758]

• Bryopogon prolixus (Ach.) M.Choisy, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 21(7): 171 (1952). [MycoBank #364836]

• Alectoria prolixa var. subcana Nyl. ex Stizenb., Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. '(3): 129 (1892). [MycoBank #447586] (nom. rej.)

• Alectoria subcana (Nyl. ex Stizenb.) Gyeln., Magyar Bot. Lapok 30: 54 (1931). [MycoBank #344591] (nom. rej.)

• Bryopogon subcanus (Nyl. ex Stizenb.) Gyeln., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38(13–25): 223 (1935). [MycoBank #410423] (nom. rej.)

• Bryoria subcana (Nyl. ex Stizenb.) Brodo & D.Hawksw., Opera Bot. 42: 91 (1977). [MycoBank #341529] (nom. rej.)

• Alectoria crispa Motyka, Fragm. Flor. Geobot. 6(3): 446 (1960). [MycoBank #363964]

• Bryopogon crispus (Motyka) Bystrek, Annal. Univ. Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, Sect. C, 26(21): 271 (1971). [MycoBank #341464]

• Bryoria crispa (Motyka) Bystrek, Bull. Polish Acad. Sci., Biol. Sci., 34(10–12): 298 (1986). [MycoBank #132161]

References

• Acharius, E. 1803. Methodus qua omnes detectos Lichenes secundum organa carpomorpha ad Genera, Species et Varietates redigere atque observationibus illustrare tentavit Erik Acharius., Sect. 1: 1–52, i–lv, 1–152, Sect. 2: 153–393, pl. 1–8. BHL Reference page. 
• Acharius, E. 1810. Lichenographia Universalis. In qua Lichenes omnes detectos, adiectis observationibus et figuris horum vegetabilium naturam et organorum carpomorphorum structuram illustrantibus, ad genera, species, varietates differentiis et observationibus sollicite definitas.: 1–696, pl. 1–14. BHL Reference page. 
• Baumgarten, J.C.G. 1790. Flora Lipsiensis: sistens plantas in agris circuli Lipsici tam sponte nascentes quam frequentius cultas secundum systema sexuale revisum atque emendatum.: 1–142, 1–741, [i]–[iii], pls. I–IV. BHL Reference page. 
• Boluda, C.G., Rico, V.J., Crespo, A., Divakar, P.K. & Hawksworth, D.L. 2015. Molecular sequence data from populations of Bryoria fuscescens s. lat. in the mountains of central Spain indicates a mismatch between haplotypes and chemotypes. The Lichenologist 47(5): 279–286. DOI: 10.1017/S0024282915000274 . Reference page. 
• Brodo, I.M. & Hawksworth, D.L. 1977. Alectoria and allied genera in North America. Opera Botanica 42: 1–164. BHL Reference page. 
• Bystrek, J. 1971. Taxonomic Studies on the Genus Alectoria. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, Sectio C [Biologia] 26(21): 265–279. UMCS Digital Library (PDF) Reference page. 
• Choisy, M.G.B. 1952. Catalogue des lichens de la région lyonnaise [9]. (suite: 129–144). Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon 21(7): 165–180. DOI: 10.3406/linly.1952.7511 . Reference page. 
• Fries, T.M. 1861. Lichenes arctoi Europae Groenlandiaeque hactenus cogniti. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Ser. 3, 3: 103–398. BHL Reference page. 
• Gyelnik, V. 1931. Alectoriae nonnullae novae vel minus cognitae. Magyar Botanikai Lapok 30: 53–54. REAL-J Reference page. 
• Gyelnik, V. 1932 [‘1931’]. Alectoria Studien. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne 70: 35–62. RLL (PDF) Reference page. 
• Kőfaragó-Gyelnik, V. 1935. Conspectus Bryopogonum. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 38(13–25): 219–255. Biblioteca Digital DOI: 10.1002/fedr.19350381309 Reference page. 
• Kőfaragó-Gyelnik, V. 1937. Additamenta lichenologica. I. Novitates e genere Bryopogon. Tisia: A Debreceni Tisza István Tudományos Társaság III (Matematikai-Természettudományi) Osztályának munkái 2: 163–166. MATARKA Reference page. 
• Hawksworth, D.L., Ahti, T., Myllys, L. & Boluda, C.G. 2019. Proposal to conserve Alectoria fuscescens (Bryoria fuscescens), nom. cons., against the additional names Usnea implexa, Alectoria capillaris, A. cana, A. rubens, A. fuscidula, A. degenii, A. forissii, A. ostrobotniae, A. kuemmerleana, A. haynaldiae, A. achariana, A. lanestris, A. prostratosteola, and A. viridescens (Fungi, Ascomycota, Lecanorales, Parmeliaceae). Taxon: The Journal of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy 68(2): 400–402. DOI: 10.1002/tax.12037 . ResearchGate . Reference page. 
• Hawksworth, D.L. & Jørgensen, P.M. 2013. Proposal to conserve the name Alectoria fuscescens (Bryoria fuscescens) against Lichen chalybeiformis and Alectoria subcana (Ascomycota: Lecanorales: Parmeliaceae). Taxon: The Journal of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy 62(5): 1057. DOI: 10.12705/625.25 . ResearchGate . Reference page. 
• Lamarck, J.-B. & De Candolle, A.P. 1805. Flore Française, ou descriptions succinctes de toutes les plantes qui croissent naturellement en France. Troisième édition, Tome second. XII + 600 pp. Paris: Agasse. BHL Biblioteca Digital Reference page. 
• Motyka, J. 1960. De speciebus quibusdam generis Ramalina Ach. europaeis novis et minus cognitis. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica 6(4): 637–644. RLL List # 43 / Rec.# 13128 – Recent Literature on Lichens RLL (PDF) Reference page. 
• Röhling, J.C. 1813. Deutschlands Flora: Ein botanisches Handbuch von Joh. Christoph Röhling (ed. 2). Vol. 3. Kryptogamische Gewächse.: [I]–X, 1–210 [1 Abth.: Farrnkräuter, Moose, Wasserpflanzen] + 1–190 [2 Abth.: Flechten] + 1–407 [3 Abth.: Schwämme]. Friedrich Wilmans, Frankfurt am Main. Biblioteca Digital Google Books Reference page. 
• Schaerer, L.E. 1840. Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium. 2(10): 453–510. HathiTrust Reference page. 
• Schaerer, L.E. 1850. Enumeratio Critica Lichenum Europaeorum.: [I]–XXXVI + 1–327 + pls. 1–10. Officina Staempfliana, Bernae. BHL Reference page. 
• Stizenberger, E. 1892. Die Alectorienarten und ihre geographische Verbreitung. Annalen des Kaiserlich-Königlichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums 7(3): 117–134. Mattick Rec.# 22715 – Recent Literature on Lichens BHL Reference page. 
• Brodo, I.M., Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Bryoria (pp. 179-186) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages. (Description of Bryoria fuscescens: pp. 181-182; distribution map for North America: p. 181; color photo: p. 181, plate 137)
• Dobson, F.S. (2000) (Fourth edition) Bryoria (pp. 77-79) In, Lichens: An illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. The Richmond Publishing Co., Ltd., Slough, England, 431 pp. (Description, distribution map, color photo of Bryoria fuscescens: p. 79)
• Goward, T. 1999. The lichens of British Columbia - Illustrated Keys - Part 2 - Fruticose Species. Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests Research Program, 319 pp. (RLL List # 176 / Rec.# 6980 - Recent Literature on Lichens) Online Reference page. : Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksw. (pp. 54-68) (Bryoria fuscescens: p. 63)
• Hinds, J.W. and Hinds, P.L. (2007) Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksw. (1977) (pp. 130-140) In, The Macrolichens of New England. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 584 pp. (Description of Bryoria fuscescens: pp. 135-136; color photo: p. 135, fig. 34)
• McCune, B. and Geiser, L. (1997) Bryoria (pp. 29-41) Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, 386 pp. (Description of Bryoria fuscescens and color photo: p. 37)
• Purvis, O.W. (1992) Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksw. (1997) (pp. 124-129) In: Purvis, O.W., Coppins, B.J., Hawksworth, D.L., James, P.W. and Moore, D.M. (eds.) The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Natural History Museum Publication, 710 pp. (Description of Bryoria fuscescens: p. 127; illustration: p. 126, fig. 5b)
• Ryan, B.D. (2002) Bryoria (pp. 109-114) In: Nash III, T.H., Ryan, B.D, Gries, C. and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 1. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 532 pages. (Description of Bryoria fuscescens: pp. 112-113; distribution map for the Sonoran region: p. 112)
• St. Clair, L.L. (1999) Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksworth (pp. 39-40) In, A color guidebook to common Rocky Mountain lichens. M.L. Bean Life Science Museum of Brigham Young University Publisher, 242 pp. (Description of Bryoria fuscescens and color photo: p. 40)
• Thomson, J.W. (1984) Bryoria Brodo & Hawksw. (pp. 53-69). In, American Arctic Lichens: 1. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York, 504 pages. (Description of Bryoria fuscescens: pp. 57-58; distribution map for North America: p. 57)
• van Herk, K. and Aptroot, A. (2004) Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksw. (pp. 82-83) In, Veldgids Korstmossen. Koninkliijke Nederlandse Natuurhistorische Vereniging, 423 pages; in Dutch. (Description of Bryoria fuscescens: p. 82; color photo: p. 83)
• Wirth, V. (1995) Bryoria Brodo & D.Hawksw. (pp. 182-189) - Teil 1) In, Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1 & 2. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. 1006 pp.; in German. (Description of Bryoria fuscescens: p. 189; color photos: pp. 183 & 188)
• LIAS
• USDA Plants Database
• North American Lichen Checklist, Version (#17) 16 May 2011
• Index Fungorum
• MycoBank

Links to photos

• Stephen Sharnoff's Lichen Photos -Bryoria fuscescens
• Flechtenbilder (Lichen Images) by Ulrich Kirschbaum - Bryoria fuscescens
• Lichen Gallery of Leif & Anita Stridvall - Bryoria fuscescens

Vernacular names

English: Pale-footed horsehair lichen,   Horsehair lichen,   Speckled horsehair
Nederlands: Bruin paardenhaarmos