Brachypodium distachyon

Brachypodium distachyon
Brachypodium distachyon

Taxonavigation edit

Taxonavigation: Poales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Pooideae
Tribus: Brachypodieae
Genus: Brachypodium
Species: Brachypodium distachyon

Name edit

Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P.Beauv., 1812

Synonyms edit

  • Homotypic
    • Agropyron distachyon (L.) Chevall. in Fl. Gén. Env. Paris 2: 196 (1827)
    • Brachypodium ciliatum P.Beauv. in Ess. Agrostogr.: 101 (1812), nom. superfl.
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. ciliatum (Gouan) Beck in Wiss. Mitt. Bosnien & Herzegovina 9: 458 (1904)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. genuinum Willk. in M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 117 (1861), nom. inval.
    • Brachypodium distachyon subvar. typicum St.-Yves in Candollea 5: 474 (1934), nom. inval.
    • Bromus ciliatus Lam. in Fl. Franç. 3: 609 (1779), nom. superfl.
    • Bromus distachyos L. in Cent. Pl. II: 8 (1756)
    • Bromus platystachyus Lam. in Tabl. Encycl. 1: 195 (1791), nom. superfl.
    • Festuca ciliata Gouan in Hortus Monsp.: 48, 547 (1762), nom. superfl.
    • Festuca diandra Moench in Methodus: 191 (1794), nom. superfl.
    • Festuca distachya (L.) Roth in Catal. Bot. 1: II (1797)
    • Trachynia distachya (L.) Link in Hort. Berol. 1: 43 (1827)
    • Triticum ciliatum Cav. in Descr. Pl.: 317 (1802), nom. superfl.
    • Triticum ciliatum var. distachyon (L.) DC. in Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp.: 68 (1813)
    • Triticum distachyon (L.) Brot. in Fl. Lusit. 1: 119 (1804)
    • Zerna distachyos (L.) Panz. in Ideen Rev. Gräser: 47 (1813)
  • Heterotypic
    • Brachypodium annuum Sennen in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 265 (1932), pro syn.
    • Brachypodium asperum (DC.) Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 2: 742 (1817), nom. superfl.
    • Brachypodium brevisetum (DC.) Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 2: 742 (1817)
    • Brachypodium distachyon subsp. asperum (DC.) Arcang. in Comp. Fl. Ital.: 801 (1882)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. asperum (DC.) Parl. in Fl. Ital. 1: 492 (1850)
    • Brachypodium distachyon subvar. asperum (DC.) St.-Yves in Candollea 5: 482 (1934)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. brevisetum (DC.) Asch. & Graebn. in Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 641 (1901)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. brevisetum (DC.) Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. caucasicum K.Koch in Linnaea 21: 423 (1848)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. confusum Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 49 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. elongatum Lojac. in Fl. Sicul. 3: 376 (1909), nom. superfl.
    • Brachypodium distachyon subvar. gussonii St.-Yves in Candollea 5: 48 (1934)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. hispidum Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. intermedium Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. mite Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. monostachyon (Lam.) Guss. in Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 73 (1843)
    • Brachypodium distachyon subvar. monostachyon (Lam.) Hayek in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(3): 218 (1933)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. monostachyum (Poir.) Guss. in Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 72 (1843)
    • Brachypodium distachyon subsp. monostachyum (Poir.) K.Richt. in Pl. Eur. 1: 119 (1890)
    • Brachypodium distachyon subvar. multiflorum (Willk.) Asch. & Graebn. in Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 639 (1901)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. multiflorum (Willk.) Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 48 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. multiflorum Willk. in M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 112 (1861)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. neglectum T.Ruíz & Devesa in J.A.Devesa (ed.), Gramineas Extremadura: 210 (1991)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. paradoxum (Sommier) Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 49 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. paradoxum Sommier in Isole Pelagie: 252 (1908)
    • Brachypodium distachyon subsp. paui (Sennen) Malag. in Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 18: 10 (1977)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. pentastachyon (Tineo) Guss. in Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 73 (1843)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. pentastachyon (Tineo) Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 48 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. pentastachyum (Tineo) Nyman in Consp. Fl. Eur.: 843 (1882)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. platystachyum (Balansa ex Coss.) Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 49 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon subvar. platystachyum (Balansa ex Coss.) St.-Yves in Candollea 5: 48 (1934)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. platystachyum Balansa ex Coss. in M.C.Durieu de Maisonneuve, Expl. Sci. Algérie 2: 192 (1855)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. pluriflorum Oppenh. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 31: 166 (1940)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. pseudosubtile Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. pubescens Maire in É.Jahandiez & al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 1: 84 (1931)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. pumilum Willk. in M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 112 (1861)
    • Brachypodium distachyon subvar. pumilum (Willk.) St.-Yves in Candollea 5: 478 (1934)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. subtile (Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.) Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 48 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. subtile (De Not.) Nyman in Syll. Fl. Eur.: 425 (1855)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. subtile (Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.) Lojac. in Fl. Sicul. 3: 376 (1909)
    • Brachypodium distachyon f. undulatifolium Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 50 (1914)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. undulatum Guss. in Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 72 (1843)
    • Brachypodium distachyon var. velutinum Pamp. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
    • Brachypodium geniculatum K.Koch in Linnaea 21: 422 (1848)
    • Brachypodium macrostachyum Besser in J.A.Schultes & J.H.Schultes, Mant. 3: 651 (1827)
    • Brachypodium megastachyum Besser in J.A.Schultes & J.H.Schultes, Mant. 3: 651 (1827)
    • Brachypodium monostachyon (Lam.) Nyman in Consp. Fl. Eur.: 843 (1882)
    • Brachypodium paui Sennen in Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 10: 177 (1911)
    • Brachypodium paui f. fontqueri St.-Yves in Candollea 5: 487 (1934)
    • Brachypodium pentastachyon (Tineo) Gand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 48: 407 (1901)
    • Brachypodium phoenicoides var. brevisetum (DC.) St.-Yves in Candollea 5: 453 (1934)
    • Brachypodium platystachyum Huber in Cat. Graines 1868: 8 (1868)
    • Brachypodium polystachyum Sennen in Sennen & H.Mauricio, Cat. Fl. Rif Orient.: 134 (1933), pro syn.
    • Brachypodium ramosum f. monostachyon (Lam.) Hausskn. in Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n.f., 13-14: 70 (1899)
    • Brachypodium rigidum (Roth) Link in Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 96 (1821)
    • Brachypodium schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Chiov. in Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 26: 83 (1919)
    • Brachypodium subtile De Not. in Prosp. Fl. Ligust.: 49 (1846), nom. nud.
    • Bromus buxbaumii Ten. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 227 (1840), pro syn.
    • Bromus geniculatus (K.Koch) Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 318 (1854), nom. illeg.
    • Bromus monostachyus Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 228 (1840), pro syn.
    • Bromus paradoxus C.Presl in Gram. Sicul.: 23 (1818)
    • Bromus pentastachyos Tineo in Pl. Rar. Sicil.: 4 (1846)
    • Festuca breviseta (DC.) Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854)
    • Festuca distachya var. intermedia Mutel in Fl. Franç. Herbor. 4: 129 (1837)
    • Festuca distachya var. undulata Guss. in Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 112 (1827)
    • Festuca monostachya Poir. in Voy. Barbarie 2: 98 (1789), orth. var.
    • Festuca monostachyos Lam. in Encycl. 2: 461 (1788)
    • Festuca pentastachya (Tineo) C.Presl in Fl. Sicul.: xlv (1826)
    • Festuca pseudistachya Koeler in Descr. Gramin.: 270 (1802)
    • Festuca rigida Roth in Catal. Bot. 1: 12 (1797)
    • Festuca rigida Guss. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 632 (1840), pro syn.
    • Festuca rigidoaspera Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854), nom. superfl.
    • Festuca schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 316 (1854)
    • Festuca subtilis (Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.) Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854)
    • Festuca tauschii Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854)
    • Secale bromoides L. ex Munro in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 6: 47 (1861), nom. nud.
    • Trachynia beludshistanica Karjagin in Dokl. Akad. Nauk Azerbaidzhansk. S.S.R. 4: 489 (1948)
    • Trachynia distachya var. hispida (Pamp.) Bor in Fl. Iraq 9: 170 (1968)
    • Trachynia pentastachya (Tineo) Tzvelev in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 81 (1975)
    • Trachynia platystachya (Balansa ex Coss.) H.Scholz in Willdenowia 28: 173 (1998)
    • Trachynia rigida (Roth) Link in Hort. Berol. 1: 43 (1827)
    • Triticum asperrimum Link in Handbuch 1: 18 (1829), orth. var.
    • Triticum asperum DC. in Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp.: 153 (1813)
    • Triticum brevisetum DC. in Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp.: 153 (1813)
    • Triticum ciliatum var. monostachyon (Lam.) DC. in Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp.: 68 (1813)
    • Triticum ciliatum var. polystachyum Lam. ex DC. in Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp.: 68 (1813), nom. nud.
    • Triticum distertum Tardent in Essai Hist. Nat. Bessarabie: 37 (1841), nom. nud.
    • Triticum flabellatum Tausch in Flora 20: 117 (1837)
    • Triticum geniculatum (K.Koch) Walp. in Ann. Bot. Syst. 3: 783 (1853), nom. illeg.
    • Triticum monostachyum Lam. ex Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 2: 742 (1817), pro syn.
    • Triticum polystachyum Lag. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 717 (1841), pro syn.
    • Triticum schimperi Hochst. ex A.Rich. in Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 441 (1850)
    • Triticum subtile Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall. in Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 10: 59 (1845)
    • Triticum tenue Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 317 (1854), pro syn.

Distribution edit

Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Regional: Central Asia
      • Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
    • Regional: Western Asia
      • Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Turkey
    • Regional: Arabian Peninsula
      • Gulf States, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen
    • Regional: Indian Subcontinent
      • India, Tibet, West Himalaya
    • Regional: Caucasus
      • North Caucasus, Transcaucasus
  • Continental: Europe
    • Regional: Southeastern Europe
      • Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Krym, Spain, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine
    • Regional: Southwestern Europe
      • Baleares, France, Portugal
  • Continental: Africa
    • Regional: Macaronesia
      • Azores, Cape Verde, Madeira
    • Regional: Western Africa
      • Western Sahara
    • Regional: Eastern Africa
      • Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan
    • Regional: Northern Africa
      • Egypt
    • Introduced into:
      • Japan

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References edit

Primary references edit

Additional references edit

  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Links edit

Vernacular names edit

Cymraeg:  breichwellt unflwydd
Deutsch:  Zweiährige Zwenke
English: false brome, purple false brome, stiff-brome
suomi:  aroluste
日本語:  ミナトカモジグサ
svenska:  Grusskafting
українська:  Куцоніжка двоколоскова
中文:  二穗短柄草
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