Amaranthus tricolor

Amaranthus tricolor

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Caryophyllales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Amaranthaceae s.l.
Cladus: Amaranthaceae s.str.
Subfamilia: Amaranthoideae
Genus: Amaranthus
Species: Amaranthus tricolor

Name

Amaranthus tricolor L., Sp. Pl. 2: 989 (1753).

• Lectotype (designated by Townsend 1974: 14.): LINN: 1117.7.

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Glomeraria tricolor (L.) Cav., Elench. Pl. Horti Matr. 17 (1803).
  • Amaranthus melancholicus var. tricolor (L.) Moq., Prodr. 13(2): 262 (1849).
• Heterotypic (ref. Hassler 2018)
  • Amaranthus amboinicus Buch.-Ham., Numer. List [Wallich] n. 6987 (1832).
  • Amaranthus bicolor Nocca ex Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4(1): 384 (1805).
  • Glomeraria bicolor (Willd.) Cav. ex Moq., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(2): 262 (1849).
  • Amaranthus cuspidatus Vis., Cat. Hort. Patav. (1841).
  • Amaranthus gangeticus L., Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2: 1268 (1759).
  • Blitum gangeticum (L.) Moench, Methodus (Moench) 359 (1794).
  • Amaranthus inamoenus Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4(1): 386 (1805); Amar. 14.
  • Amaranthus incomptus Willd., Enum. Pl. Suppl. [Willdenow] 64 (1814).
  • Amaranthus japonicus Houtt. ex Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4(1): 386 (1805), in syn.
  • Amaranthus japonicus Houtt. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel] 36 (1821).4(1): 386 (1805), in syn.
  • Amaranthus lancifolius Roxb., Hort. Bengal.: 67 (1814).
  • Amaranthus lanceolatus Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 607 (1832).
  • Amaranthus lividus Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 605 (later homonym of Amaranthus lividus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 990. 1753).
  • Amaranthus mangostanus L., Cent. Pl. I: 32 (1755).
  • Amaranthus tricolor subsp. mangostanus (L.) Aellen in Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. ed. 2, 3: 495 (1959).
  • Amaranthus melancholicus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 989 (1753).
  • Amaranthus tricolor var. melancholicus Lam.
  • Blitum melancholicum (L.) Moench, Methodus: 359 (1794)
  • Amaranthus mucronatus hort. Petrop. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 720 (1885) (later homonym of Amaranthus mucronatus Poir., Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] Suppl. 1. 311. 1810).
  • Amaranthus oleraceus Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 605. (1832) (later homonym of Amaranthus oleraceus L., Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 2: 1403. 1763).
  • Amaranthus gangeticus var. oleraceus (Roxb.) Haines, Bot. Bihar Orissa pt. 5: 763 (1924).
  • Amaranthus polygamus L., Cent. Pl. I: 32 (1755).
  • Amaranthus rotundifolius herb. Par. ex Moq., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(2): 261 (1849), nom. inval. in syn.
  • Amaranthus splendens hort., Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 868 (1895), in syn.
  • Amaranthus tricolor f. splendens Voss
  • Amaranthus tricolor var. acutus S.Das, Phytotaxa 88(2): 27 (2013).
  • Amaranthus tristis L., Sp. Pl. 2: 989 (1753).
  • Amaranthus tricolor subsp. tristis (L.) Aellen in Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. ed. 2, 3: 495 (1959).
  • Amaranthus gangeticus var. tristis Prain, Bengal pl. 870. (1903).
  • Pyxidium gangeticum (L.) Moq., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(2): 261 (1849), nom. inval.
  • Pyxidium melancholicum (L.) Moq., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(2): 262 (1849), nom. inval.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

(ref. Govaerts 2019) Continental: Europe (introduced) Regional: Middle Europe Germany. Regional: Southwestern Europe France. Continental: Africa (introduced) Regional: Northern Africa Egypt. Regional: West Tropical Africa Benin, Sierra Leone. Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa Central African Republic, Cameroon. Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan. Regional: South Tropical Africa Mozambique. Regional: Western Indian Ocean Mauritius. Continental: Asia-Temperate (introduced) Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan. Regional: Western Asia Iraq. Regional: Arabian Peninsula Saudi Arabia, Yemen. Regional: China China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China North-Central, Qinghai, China Southeast, Tibet, Xinjiang. Regional: Eastern Asia Japan, Korea, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan. Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indian Subcontinent Assam, Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Pakistan (introduced), Sri Lanka. Regional: Indo-China Cambodia (introduced), Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia, South China Sea (introduced), Thailand, Vietnam Regional: Malesia Borneo (introduced), Christmas Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Philippines (introduced). Regional: Papuasia Solomon Islands. Continental: Australasia (introduced) Regional: Australia Western Australia. Continental: Pacific (introduced) Regional: Southwestern Pacific Fiji, New Caledonia, Vanuatu. Regional: South-Central Pacific Marquesas, Society Islands. Regional: Northwestern Pacific Marianas. Continental: Southern America (introduced) Regional: Central America Panama. Regional: Caribbean Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 989. Reference page. 
• Cavanilles, A.J. 1803. Elenchus Plantarum Horti Regii Botanici Matritensis. Anno M.DCCC.III. pp.40. Biblioteca Digital Reference page. : 17
• Moquin-Tandon, A. 1849. Amarantaceae. In: De Candolle, A.P. (ed.): Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13(2): 231–424. Masson, Paris. BHL. Reference page. : [1], 262

Additional references

• Townsend, C.C. 1974. Amaranthaceae. In: Ali, S.I. (ed.) Flora of West Pakistan. Vol. 71. 49 pp. Stewart Herbarium, Gordon College (u.a.), Rawalpindi. eFloras Reference page. : Amaranthus tricolor
• Iamonico, D. 2014. Amaranthus gangeticus (Amaranthaceae), a name incertae sedis. Phytotaxa 162(5): 299–300. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.162.5.2 Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Amaranthus tricolor in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Sept. 05. Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2019. Amaranthus tricolor. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Sept. 05. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2019. Amaranthus tricolor. Published online. Accessed: Sept. 05 2019. Reference page.
• Tropicos.org 2019. Amaranthus tricolor. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 05 Sept. 2019.

Vernacular names

azərbaycanca: Üçrəng qaratərə
English: Joseph's coat
español: Bledo morisco
suomi: Kirjorevonhäntä
français: Amaranthe tricolore
日本語: ヒユ（広義）, subsp. tricolor: ハゲイトウ, var. mangostanus: ヒユ
lietuvių: Trispalvis burnotis
മലയാളം: മധുരച്ചീര
português: Tampala
தமிழ்: சிறுகீரை
吴语: 米苋
中文（简体）: 苋
中文（繁體）: 莧

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