Bixa orellana

Bixa orellana

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Malvales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids II Ordo: Malvales

Familia: Bixaceae
Genus: Bixa
Species: Bixa orellana

Name

Bixa orellana L.

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Bixa tinctaria Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 369 (1796), nom. superfl.
  • Orellana orellana (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 9 (1898), not validly publ.
• Heterotypic
  • Bixa orleana Noronha, Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 8 (1790), orth. var.
  • Bixa americana Poir. in J.B.A.P.M.de Lamarck, Encycl. 6: 229 (1804).
  • Bixa purpurea Sweet, Hort. Brit.: 33 (1826).
  • Bixa odorata Ruiz & Pav. ex G.Don, Gen. Hist. 1: 295 (1831).
  • Bixa acuminata Bojer, Hortus Maurit.: 20 (1837), not validly publ.
  • Orellana americana (Poir.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 44 (1891).
  • Orellana americana var. leiocarpa Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 45 (1891).
  • Orellana americana var. normalis Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 45 (1891), not validly publ.
  • Bixa upatensis Ram.Goyena, Fl. Nicarag. 1: 217 (1909).
  • Bixa orellana f. leiocarpa (Kuntze) J.F.Macbr., Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 14(4): 11 (1941).
  • Bixa orellana var. leiocarpa (Kuntze) Standl. & L.O.Williams, Fieldiana, Bot. 29: 358 (1961).
  • Bixa katangensis Delpierre, Taxon 19: 304 (1970).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America Argentina (Chaco, Cordoba, Formosa, Salta), S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina), Paraguay (Amambay, Central, Cordillera, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes), Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro, Distrito Federal, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Sucre, Tachira), N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Para, Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre, Rondonia), NE-Brazil (Ceara, Bahia), WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goias), SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo), Galapagos Isl., Peru, Ecuador, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Atlntico, Bolvar, Boyac, Caldas, Caquet, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Choc, Crdoba, Cundinamarca, Guaviare, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nario, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindo, Risaralda, San Andrs, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle, Vaups, Vichada), Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz, Tarija), Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama Continental: Northern America Mexico (Tabasco, Chiapas, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Campeche, etc.) References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 512. Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Bixa orellana in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 May 03. Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2019. Bixa orellana. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2019 May 03. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2019. Bixa orellana. Published online. Accessed: May 03 2019.
• The Plant List 2013. Bixa orellana in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2019 May 03.
• Tropicos.org 2019. Bixa orellana. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 03 May 2019.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Bixa orellana in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.

Vernacular names

English: Achiote
suomi: Annatto
français: Roucou
português: Urucum
தமிழ்: குரங்கு மஞ்சள்
Tagalog: Atsuwete

For more multimedia, look at Bixa orellana on Wikimedia Commons.