Betula humilis

Betula humilis

Betula humilis

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Betula humilis is listed as Least Concern.

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Fagales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Fagales

Familia: Betulaceae
Subfamilia: Betuloideae
Genus: Betula
Subgenus: Betula subg. Betula
Sectio: Betula sect. Apterocaryon
Species: Betula humilis

Name

Betula humilis Schrank, Baier. Fl. 1: 420 (1789).

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Chamaebetula humilis (Schrank) Opiz, Lotos 5: 259 (1855).
  • Betula humilis var. genuina Regel, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 106 (1861), nom. inval.
  • Betula humilis var. vulgaris Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 639 (1936), nom. inval.
• Heterotypic
  • Betula fruticans Pall., Reise Russ. Reich. 3: t. kk (1776), nom. nud.
  • Betula myrsinoides Tausch, Flora 11: 753 (1828).
  • Betula oycowiensis Rchb., Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 12: t. 622, f. 1281 (1850), nom. illeg.
  • Betula palustris Rupr., Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 15: 376 (1857), nom. illeg.
  • Betula humilis var. camtschatica Regel, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 107 (1861).
  • Betula humilis var. commutata Regel, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 108 (1861).
  • Betula humilis var. socolowii Regel, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 108 (1861).
  • Betula sibirica Lodd. ex Regel in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 173 (1868).
  • Betula socolowii J.Jacq. ex Regel in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 173 (1868), pro syn.
  • Betula kamtschatica H.Buek, Gen. Sp. Syn. Candoll. 4: 52 (1874).
  • Betula humilis var. oycowiensis Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 673 (1881).
  • Betula humilis f. calcarata Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 642 (1935).
  • Betula humilis f. crispa Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 642 (1935).
  • Betula humilis var. cuneata Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 640 (1935).
  • Betula humilis f. elliptica Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 641 (1935), nom. illeg.
  • Betula humilis f. elliptica Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 643 (1935), nom. illeg.
  • Betula humilis f. elliptica Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 643 (1935), nom. illeg.
  • Betula humilis f. obovata Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 643 (1935).
  • Betula humilis f. ovata Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 641 (1935), nom. illeg.
  • Betula humilis f. ovata Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 643 (1935), nom. illeg.
  • Betula humilis var. subcordata Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 20: 641 (1935).
  • Betula extremiorientalis Kuzen. & V.N.Vassil., Vestn. Dal'nevost. Fil. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 21: 161 (1936).
  • Betula fruticosa subsp. extremiorientalis (Kuzen. & V.N.Vassil.) Vorosch. in A.K.Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh SSSR: 162 (1985).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Czechoslovakia (extinct), Germany, Poland, Switzerland. Regional: Southeastern Europe Romania. Regional: Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine. Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Siberia Buryatiya, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, West Siberia. Regional: Russian Far East Khabarovsk. Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan. Regional: China Xinjiang. Regional: Mongolia Mongolia. Regional: Eastern Asia Korea. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Schrank, F.v.P. 1789. Baiersche Flora. Erster Band. 753 pp. Bey Joh. Baptist Strobl, München. Biblioteca Digital. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Komarov, V.L. et al. (eds.). 1934–1964. Flora SSSR. 30 vols. Moscow/Leningrad: Botanicheskii institut, Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR. Reference page. 
• Wu, Zh.Y. , Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.-Y. (eds.) 1994–2013. Flora of China. 25 vols. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. Online at eFloras.org Reference page. 
• Ashburner, K. & McAllister, H.A. 2013. The genus Betula: A taxonomic revision of birches (A Botanical Magazine Monograph). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 431 pp., ISBN 978-1-84246-141-9. Reference page. 
• Wang. N., McAllister, H.A., Bartlett, P.R. & Buggs, R.J.A. 2016. Molecular phylogeny and genome size evolution of the genus Betula (Betulaceae). Annals of Botany 117(6): 1023–1035. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw048 Reference page. 

Links

• Shaw, K., Roy, S. & Wilson, B. 2014. Betula humilis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014. IUCN Red List Category: Least Concern . DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T194645A2355398.en.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Betula humilis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 August 9. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2023. Betula humilis. Published online. Accessed: August 9 2023.
• Hassler, M. 2023. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Betula humilis. Accessed: 9 August 2023.
• Hassler, M. 2023. Betula humilis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 August 9. Reference page. 

Vernacular names

беларуская: Бяроза нізкая
čeština: bříza nízká
Deutsch: Strauch-Birke
eʋegbe: Madal kask
eesti: Madal kask
hornjoserbsce: Niska brěza
Limburgs: Liekninis beržas
lietuvių: Zemais bērzs
polski: brzoza niska
русский: Берёза низкая

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