The genus name Andersonia may refer to:

  • Animalia:
    • Andersonia Boulenger, 1900 (Actinopterygii, Amphiliidae)
    • Andersonia Strickland, 1911, uncertain (Diptera, Culicidae)
    • Andersonia Malloch, 1928, junior homonym = synonym of Andersonosia van Emden, 1940 (Diptera, Muscidae)
  • Plantae:
    • Andersonia R.Br. (1810) (Ericales, Ericaceae)
    • Andersonia Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. (1819), nom. illeg. = synonym of Gaertnera Lam. (Gentianales, Rubiaceae)
    • Andersonia Buch.-Ham. ex Wall. (1831), nom. illeg. = ? (Myrtales, Combretaceae)
    • Andersonia Roxb. (1832), nom. illeg. = synonym of Aglaia Lour. (Sapindales, Meliaceae)
    • Andersonia F.E.Arce & A.I.Lutz (2014), nom. illeg. = replaced by †Acevedoa F.E.Arce & A.I.Lutz (2014) (Tracheophyta, Matatiellaceae)