Cenchrus echinatus

Cenchrus echinatus

Cenchrus echinatus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Poales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Panicoideae
Tribus: Paniceae
Subtribus: Cenchrinae
Genus: Cenchrus
Species: Cenchrus echinatus

Name

Cenchrus echinatus L., 1753

Homonyms

• Cenchrus echinatus Steud. ex Döll = Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult.

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Cenchrus cavanillesii Tausch, Flora 20: 97 (1837), nom. superfl.
  • Panicastrella muricata Moench, Methodus: 206 (1794), nom. superfl.
• Heterotypic
  • Cenchrus brevisetus E.Fourn. ex Hemsl., Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 506 (1885)
  • Cenchrus crinitus Mez, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 48 (1917)
  • Cenchrus echinatus var. brevisetus (E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.) Scribn., Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 26 (1900)
  • Cenchrus echinatus var. glabratus F.Br., Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 84: 66 (1931)
  • Cenchrus echinatus var. hillebrandianus (Hitchc.) F.Br., Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 84: 65 (1931)
  • Cenchrus echinatus var. morisonii Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 765 (1891)
  • Cenchrus echinatus var. pennisetoides F.Br., Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 84: 66 (1931)
  • Cenchrus hillebrandianus Hitchc., Mem. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 8: 211 (1922)
  • Cenchrus insularis Scribn., Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 26 (1896)
  • Cenchrus lechleri Steud., W.Lechler, Berberid. Amer. Austral.: 56 (1857), nom. nud.
  • Cenchrus macrocarpus Ledeb. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 817 (1840), pro syn.
  • Cenchrus pungens Kunth, F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 115 (1816)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America Regional: Southeastern USA Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina Regional: Southwestern USA California Regional: Southern Central USA Arizona, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia Regional: Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest Continental: Southern America Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Paraguay, Uruguay Regional: Caribbean Aruba, Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Is., Cuba, Desventurados Is., Dominican Republic, Galápagos, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is. Regional: Central America Belize, Central American Pac, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá Regional: Western South America Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile North, Chile South Regional: Brazil Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central Regional: Northern South America Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela Introduced into: Aldabra, Azores, Bangladesh, Borneo, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Caroline Is., Chagos Archipelago, China South-Central, China Southeast, Cocos (Keeling) Is., Cook Is., Czechoslovakia, Easter Is., Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Greece, Gulf States, Hainan, Hawaii, India, Ivory Coast, Japan, Kenya, Lebanon-Syria, Lesser Sunda Is., Line Is., Madagascar, Maine, Malaya, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mauritius, Mexican Pacific Is., Mozambique Channel I, Nansei-shoto, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nigeria, Niue, Northern Territory, Oman, Palestine, Philippines, Phoenix Is., Rodrigues, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Society Is., Solomon Is., South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Togo, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vermont, Wake I., Wallis-Futuna Is. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 1050. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Cenchrus echinatus in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 October 19. Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2022. Cenchrus echinatus. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 October 19. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2022. Cenchrus echinatus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 19 October 2022.
• International Plant Names Index. 2022. Cenchrus echinatus. Published online. Accessed: October 19 2022.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Cenchrus echinatus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names

Cymraeg: gwrychwellt pigog
English: southern sandbur
日本語: シンクリノイガ
한국어: : 미국가시풀
Dorerin Naoero: Tłʼoh hosh
português: Capim-carrapicho
svenska: Tagghirs
ไทย: หญ้าสนกระจับ
中文: 蒺藜草

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