Astrophorina

Rhabdastrella globostellata

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Parazoa
Phylum: Porifera
Classis: Demospongiae
Subclassis: Heteroscleromorpha
Ordo: Tetractinellida
Subordo: Astrophorina
Familiae (15): Ancorinidae – Calthropellidae – Corallistidae – Geodiidae – Isoraphiniidae – Macandrewiidae – Neopeltidae – Pachastrellidae – Phymaraphiniidae – Phymatellidae – Pleromidae – Theneidae – Theonellidae – Thrombidae – Vulcanellidae

Name

• Astrophorina Sollas, 1887

References

Primary references

• Sollas, W.J. 1887. Sponges. pp 412–429 in Black, A. & C. (Eds.) Encyclopaedia Britannica 9th edition. 22. Edinburgh.

Additional references

• Cárdenas, P. 2010. Phylogeny, Taxonomy and Evolution of the Astrophorida (Porifera, Demospongiae). Ph.D. University of Bergen, Bergen. hdl: 1956/4020
• Van Soest, R.W.M., Beglinger, E.J. & De Voogd, N.J. 2010. Skeletons in confusion: a review of astrophorid sponges with (dicho–)calthrops as structural megascleres (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorida). ZooKeys 68: 1–88. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.68.729
• Cárdenas, P., Xavier, J.R., Reveillaud, J., Schander, C. & Rapp, H.T. 2011. Molecular phylogeny of the Astrophorida (Porifera, Demospongiae) reveals an unexpected high level of spicule homoplasy. PLoS ONE 6: e18318. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018318
• Cárdenas, P. & Rapp, H.T. 2012. A review of Norwegian streptaster-bearing Astrophorida (Porifera: Demospongiae: Tetractinellida), new records and a new species. Zootaxa 3253: 1–53. Preview (PDF). Full article (PDF).
• Morrow, C. & Cárdenas, P. 2015. Proposal for a revised classification of the Demospongiae (Porifera). Frontiers in Zoology 12: 7. DOI: 10.1186/s12983-015-0099-8 Reference page. 

Links

• Astrophorina in the World Register of Marine Species