Bigyra

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: Tsar
Cladus: Sar
Infraregnum: Heterokonta
Phylum: Bigyra
Subphyla: Bicosoecia – Opalozoa – Sagenista

Incertae sedis: Pseudobodonaceae

Name

Bigyra Caval.-Sm., Biol. Rev. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 73: 252 (1998)

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Bicosoecophyta Corliss, Acta Protozool. 33: 21 (1994) (“Bicosoecae”), pro zool. phyl.
  • Blastocystophytina J.-B. Jiang & J.-G. He, Parasitol. Today 9: 3 (1993) (“Blastocysta”), pro zool. subphyl.
  • Labyrinthulophyta Casper, Grundz. Nat. Syst. Mikroorg. 182 (1974) (“Labyrinthulicea”), pro zool. phyl.
    • Labyrinthophytina L.S.Olive, Mycetoz. 5 (1975) (“Labyrinthulina”), pro zool subphyl.
  • Opalinophyta Bartoš, Zool. Prvok. Bezestrunn. ed. 3: 40 (1966) (“Opalinida”), pro zool. phyl.
    • Opalinophytina Earl, Acta Protozool. 9: 46 (1971) (“Opalinida”), pro zool. subphyl.
  • Pseudodendrophyta Doweld, Prosyllabus Tracheoph. lxxi (2001) (“Pseudodendrozoa”), pro zool. phyl.
  • Proteromonadophyta Corliss, BioSystems 17: 110 (1984) (“Proteromonadea”), pro zool. phyl.
    • Proteromonadophytina Caval.-Sm., Microbiol. Rev. 57: 984 (1993) (“Proterozoa”), pro zool. subphyl.
  • Thraustochytriophyta Corliss, BioSystems 17: 111 (1984) (“Thraustochytriacea”), pro zool. phyl.

References

Primary references

• Bartoš, E. 1966. Zoologie prvoků a bezestrunných. Ed. 3. Praha: Statní pedagogické nakladatelství, Vol. 1 [30 Mar 1966], Vol. 2 [3 Aug 1966]. (Czech) Reference page. 
• Earl, P.R. 1971. Hegneriella dobelli gen. n., sp. n., (Opalinidae) from Bufo valliceps and some remarks on the systematic position of the Opalinidae. Acta Protozoologica 9(3): 41–48. PDF (Full volume) Reference page. 
• Casper, S.J. 1974. Grundzüge eines natürlichen System der Mikroorganismen. Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag. 232 pp. Reference page. 
• Olive, L.S. 1975. The Mycetozoans. New York-San Francisco-London: Academic Press. 293 pp. ISBN 978-0125262507 Reference page. 
• Corliss, J.O. 1984. The kingdom Protista and its 45 phyla. Biosystems 17(2): 87–126. DOI: 10.1016/0303-2647(84)90003-0 Reference page. 
• Corliss, J.O. 1994. An interim utilitarian (“user-friendly”) hierarchical classification and characterization of the protists. Acta Protozoologica 33(1): 1–51. PDF PDF Reference page. 
• Cavalier-Smith, T. 1993. Kingdom Protozoa and its 18 phyla. Microbiological Reviews 57(4): 953–994. DOI: 10.1128/mr.57.4.953-994.1993 . PMID: 8302218 . Reference page. 
• Cavalier-Smith, T. 1998. A revised six-kingdom system of life. Biological Reviews 73(3): 203–266. DOI: 10.1017/s0006323198005167 PDF Free Reference page. 
• Doweld, A.B. 2001. Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum. Tentamen systematis plantarum vascularium (Tracheophyta) [Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum. Опыт системы сосудистых растений]. LXXX + 110 pp. Moscow: Geos. ISBN 5-89118-283-1. Фундаментальная электронная библиотека «Флора и фауна» DJVU Google Books Reference page. 

Additional references

• Cavalier-Smith, T. & Chao, E.E.-Y. 2006. Phylogeny and megasystematics of phagotrophic heterokonts (Kingdom Chromista). Journal of Molecular Evolution 62(4): 388–420. DOI: 10.1007/s00239-004-0353-8 Reference page. 
• Cavalier-Smith, T. & Scoble, J.M. 2013. Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. European Journal of Protistology 49: 328–353. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 Researchgate. Reference page. 

• Bigyra in the World Register of Marine Species

Alternative classifications

Cavalier-Smith (1998)

• Cavalier-Smith, T. 1998. A revised six-kingdom system of life. Biological Reviews 73(3): 203–266. DOI: 10.1017/s0006323198005167 PDF Free Reference page. 

In Kingdom Chromista, Subkingdom Chromobionta, Infrakingdom Heterokonta, Superphylum Gyrista
Phylum Bigyra phyl. nov.

• Subphylum Bigyromonada
• Subphylum Pseudofungi
• Subphylum Opalinata

Doweld (2001)

• Doweld, A.B. 2001. Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum. Tentamen systematis plantarum vascularium (Tracheophyta) [Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum. Опыт системы сосудистых растений]. LXXX + 110 pp. Moscow: Geos. ISBN 5-89118-283-1. Фундаментальная электронная библиотека «Флора и фауна» DJVU Google Books Reference page. 

Dominium Eukaryota

• Subdominium Chlorota Doweld, 2001

Regnum Bacillariobiota Doweld, 2001 (= Chromobiota auctt., Chromista auctt.)

• Subregnum Labyrinthulobiotina Doweld, 2001
  • Phylum Pseudodendrozoa Doweld, 2001
    • Class Pseudodendratea Doweld, 2001
  • Phylum Bicosoecomycota Cavalier-Smith, 1989
  • Phylum Labyrinthulomycota L.S. Olive, 1982

• Subregnum Saprolegniobiotina Doweld, 2001
  • Phylum Developayellomycota Doweld, 2001
  • Phylum Saprolegniomycota Zerov ex Doweld, 2001
  • Phylum Hyphochytriomycota Margulis ex Doweld, 2001
  • Phylum Opalinomycota Doweld, 2001

Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248, [1].

• Superkingdom Prokaryota
  • Kingdom Archaea [= Archaebacteria]
  • Kingdom Bacteria [= Eubacteria]
• Superkingdom Eukaryota
  • Kingdom Protozoa
    • Subkingdom Eozoa
      • Infrakingdom Euglenozoa
      • Infrakingdom Excavata
    • Subkingdom Sarcomastigota
      • Phylum Amoebozoa
      • Phylum Choanozoa [with Microsporidia, Animalia, and Fungi constitutes "Supergroup Opisthokonta"]
      • Phylum Microsporidia [with Choanozoa, Animalia, and Fungi constitutes "Supergroup Opisthokonta"]
      • Phylum Sulcozoa
  • Kingdom Chromista
    • Subkingdom Hacrobia
    • Subkingdom Harosa [= "Supergroup SAR"]
      • Infrakingdom Halvaria
        • Superphylum Alveolata
        • Superphylum Heterokonta [= "Supergroup Stramenopiles"]
          • Phylum Bigyra
            • Class Bikosea
              • Order Anoecida
              • Order Bicoecida
              • Order Borokida
              • Order Pseudodendromonadida
              • Order Rictida
            • Class Blastocystea
              • Order Blastocystida
            • Class Nanomonadea
              • Order Uniciliatida
            • Class Opalinea
              • Order Opalinida
              • Order Proteromonadida
            • Class Labyrinthulea
              • Order Labyrinthulida
              • Order Thraustochytriida
            • Class Placididea [= Placidiophyceae]
              • Order Placidiida
          • Phylum Ochrophyta [= Heterokontophyta p.p.]
          • Phylum Pseudofungi [= Oomycota]
      • Infrakingdom Rhizaria
  • Kingdom Fungi
  • Kingdom Plantae [= Archaeplastida]
  • Kingdom Animalia